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【CATTI备考】如何从阅读中积累口译词汇?

天之聪教育 2020-08-21 天之聪教育 1393次

同学们,

上一次我和大家一起学习了崔天凯大使的演讲,

了解了一些与中美关系相关的问题和英文表达。

今天,

让我们来通过阅读人民大学王文教授的文章回顾历史,

学习一些新的口译知识。

   
 

01

 
   

The Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee clearly pointed out that "since many problems we face are long- and medium-term, resolving such problems is like fighting a protracted war," during a meeting held on Thursday.

  • 首先,Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee中共中央政治局这类政府机关的英文表达建议大家在平时多注意积累一下,如果是从事时政类的口译工作,这类术语在听到后一定要快速的反应出来,避免影响对于整个译文的输出。

  • 其次,在开篇这句话中王教授用protracted war点明主题,引出下文,protracted是一个形容词,表示relatively long in duration; tediously protracted原意是拖延的,动词形式protract,意思是拖延,伸展,在这里protracted用在战争前,翻译成持久战。

   
 

02

 
   

 

There were two dominant arguments: "China's inevitable subjugation" and "China's quick victory."

  • 在毛主席写《论持久战》时,日军已对华发动侵略战争达十月之久,世界对于战争的结果有两种声音--中国必败和中国必胜。

  • 王教授分别用China's inevitable subjugation和China's quick victory来表达。inevitable译为incapable of being avoided or prevented,subjugation译为forced submission to control by others,inevitable subjugation和quick victory在这里用来形容世界对中国未来的两种观点:中国必然会被征服和中国很快会胜利。

   
 

03

 
   

 

Therefore, when Mao proclaimed the establishment of the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China in 1949, it has not only the "centennial significance" of getting rid of humiliation since 1840 for the country, but also the "millennium significance" of reversing the national decline.

  • 毛主席在1949年宣布成立中华人民共和国中央人民政府,在这句话中有两个表达需要同学们记住centennial significance表示自1840年鸦片战争以来中国摆脱屈辱的标志,具有百年意义,另一个millennium significance表示中国一直受封建思想统治数千年,成立中央人民政府是具有千年意义的。

  • 顺便提一句,前一阶段常常提到的“两个一百年”奋斗目标,译文是:Two Centenary Goals

   
 

04

 
   

However, it is inevitable that there are twists and turns in the exploration of national rejuvenation.

  • 在这句话中,twist意为转折,turn意为转变,这两个词连用形象地表现了民族复兴道路中曲折不断,同时也与前面的inevitable呼应,表明革命的道路不是一帆风顺的。

   
 

05

 
   

 

After the turmoil wrought by the Cultural Revolution (1966-76), China's economy was on the verge of collapse.

  • turmoil意为a violent disturbance,表示混乱。wrought by意思是由......造成的,wrought是work的过去分词,work除了工作,还有发生的意思。

  • 所以the turmoil wrought by the Cultural Revolution说的是因文化大革命发生的混乱。

   
 

06

 
   

Nevertheless, it is not the time for the Chinese people to be complacent about China's achievements. Nor should Chinese stop moving forward.

  • complacent意为contented to a fault with oneself or one's actions,表示自满的,盲目乐观的。在这里翻译成沾沾自喜。

   
 

07

 
   

Just like the two theories of "China's inevitable subjugation" and "China's quick victory" that proved themselves wrong during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the current theories of "China's failure" and "China's successful rise" are also unacceptable.

  • 首先,同学们需要记住抗日战争的表达是War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression。

  • 其次,在这句话中又出现了China's failure和China's successful rise,表示的是世界上对中美关系中存在问题的两种看法,一种是中国无法与美国抗衡,另一种是中国可以迅速崛起。

   
 

08

 
   

The whole world is concerned about the China-US relations as well as China's future, especially at a time when the Trump administration has been aggressive and keeps provoking China.

  • aggressive意思是characteristic of an enemy or one eager to fight,表示好斗的,侵略的。

  • provoke意思是call forth (emotions, feelings, and responses),表示煽动,惹起。这两个词在这句话中一同出现,体现了美国在中美关系中的挑衅行为。

   
 

09

 
   

Chinese President Xi Jinping once said that each generation has its own "long march" and they should proceed in their own way, noting that the "long march" today is to realize the Chinese dream of national rejuvenation.

  • 在这里大家会发现march的首字母没有大写,所以和三月没有任何关系,意思是the act of marching; walking with regular steps (especially in a procession of some kind),翻译为前进,行军。

  • long march长期的前进就是长征的意思。

   
 

10

 
   

Chinese people must continue to preserve the practice of hard work, abandon arrogance and impetuosity, and maintain a spirit that nurtures this notion: Time and tide wait for no man, and one should make the best of every minute.

  • 大家看一下第一个划线部分,简单翻译成实践努力奋斗,放弃骄傲和冲动,是不是有点空洞不能体现作者想要表达的意思?

  • 如果翻译成艰苦奋斗的精神和骄奢淫逸的作风表达起来更加生动了?

  • 第二个划线部分意思是时不我待,分秒必争。

  • 希望同学以后在日常的学习中多注意积累一些古语四字成语,这样能使自己的译文更加精炼,输出更加简洁。

 

最后,底老师来帮助大家总结一下今天我们通过王文教授的文章需要掌握的一些知识和技能,希望大家在平时的学习中能够继续多加练习。

  • 积累政府机关名称的专业英文表达

  • 抗日战争、文化大革命等专业名词的积累

  • 百年意义、千年意义与两个一百年奋斗目标的表达

  • twists and turns这种简练而生动表达的积累

  • 长征翻译成long march

  • 一些古语和四字成语的积累

     

原文链接>>

"

Why China recalls 'protracted war' history

为什么中国要回顾持久战的历史

Wang Wen

王文

Key Words:Protracted war, China's rise

关键词:持久战,中国的崛起

 

The Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee clearly pointed out that "since many problems we face are long- and medium-term, resolving such problems is like fighting a protracted war," during a meeting held on Thursday.

在周四召开的会议上,中共中央政治局明确指出,“我们面临的许多问题是中长期的,解决这些问题就像打持久战。”

 

It has been 82 years since Mao Zedong wrote On Protracted War in June 1938. At that time, China was at its worst time during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression (1931-45) and almost subjugated by Japan.

毛泽东在1938年6月写下《论持久战》,距今已有82年的历史。那时,中国正处于抗日战争最艰难的时期(1931-45),几乎要被日寇征服。

 

It is sorry to see the international media focus on only what US President Donald Trump says and overlook the voices of China's decision-makers.

我们很遗憾地看到,国际媒体只关注美国总统特朗普的言论,而忽视了中国决策者的声音。

 

When Mao started writing On Protracted War, it had been 10 months since Japan launched an all-round war of aggression against China. There were two dominant arguments: "China's inevitable subjugation" and "China's quick victory."

当毛泽东开始编写《论持久战》时,日军已在中国发动全面侵略战争达十个月之久。那时,有两个主要的观点--“中国必然失败”和“中国快速胜利”。

 

Mao systematically summed up the experience of the early stage of the war of resistance and comprehensively expounded China's strategic confidence in winning the war by means of protracted war.

毛泽东系统地总结了抗战初期的经验,全面阐述了中国通过持久战赢得战争的战略信心。

 

In its thousands of years' history, the Chinese nation had a long period of depression and China almost fell to its lowest point in history when Mao started writing On Protracted War.

在几千年的历史中,中华民族经历了一段漫长的大萧条,在毛泽东开始写《论持久战》时,中国几乎跌到了历史的最低点。

 

Therefore, when Mao proclaimed the establishment of the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China in 1949, it has not only the "centennial significance" of getting rid of humiliation since 1840 for the country, but also the "millennium significance" of reversing the national decline.

因此,1949年毛泽东宣布成立中华人民共和国中央人民政府,不仅具有1840年以来国家摆脱屈辱的“百年意义”,而且具有逆转民族衰落的“千年意义”。

 

However, it is inevitable that there are twists and turns in the exploration of national rejuvenation. After the turmoil wrought by the Cultural Revolution (1966-76), China's economy was on the verge of collapse. But China has risen again in crisis and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has been accelerating particularly due to the reform and opening-up in the past four decades.

然而,在民族复兴的过程中,曲折是不可避免的。文化大革命(1966-76)造成的动荡使中国经济处于崩溃的边缘。但中国在危机中再次崛起,特别是过去四十年的改革开放,加快了中华民族伟大复兴的步伐。

 

Nevertheless, it is not the time for the Chinese people to be complacent about China's achievements. Nor should Chinese stop moving forward. In the current fierce international competition, a country will fall behind if it doesn't strive to develop. It will be a test of the sustainability of China's development and the CPC's leadership. This is why the decision-makers have recalled the "protracted war" history.

然而,现在既不是中国人民沾沾自喜的时候,也不是止步不前的时候。在当今激烈的国际竞争中,一个国家如果不努力发展,就会落后。这将是对中国发展的可持续性和中国共产党领导能力的考验。这就是决策者们回忆“持久战”历史的原因。

 

Under circumstances of profound changes unseen in a century, China's decision-makers hope to use the phrase of "protracted war" again to remind the country's officials and ordinary people that they should not belittle their achievements and that they should avoid arrogance and rashness at the same time.

在百年未有之大变局的形势下,中国的决策者们希望再次用“持久战”这个词来提醒中国的官员和普通民众,不要小看自己的成绩,同时也要避免傲慢和鲁莽。

 

Just like the two theories of "China's inevitable subjugation" and "China's quick victory" that proved themselves wrong during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the current theories of "China's failure" and "China's successful rise" are also unacceptable.

正如“中国必然失败”和“中国快速胜利”这两种理论在抗日战争中被证明是错误的一样,现在的“中国的失败”和“中国的成功崛起”也同样是不可接受的。

 

The whole world is concerned about the China-US relations as well as China's future, especially at a time when the Trump administration has been aggressive and keeps provoking China. By contrast, China is more patient and peaceful when dealing with the US. The game is like a soccer match between two well-trained teams where the winner is the one who paces instead of rushes ahead to obtain victory. But actually, the China-US game is more like a marathon with no finishing line in sight.

全世界都在关注中美关系和中国的未来,特别是在特朗普政府咄咄逼人、不断挑衅中国的情况下。相比之下,中国在与美国打交道时更有耐心,也更和平。这就像两支训练有素的球队之间的足球比赛,胜利者是在场上竞技的一方,而不是冲在前面取得胜利的一方。事实上,中美博弈更像是一场看不到终点的马拉松。

 

People familiar with China's history know that the Chinese people have been seeking the road of national rejuvenation from generation to generation since their first ever defeat by Westerners in the Opium War in 1840. Today's China is closer to the goal of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation than any time in history. But it is still too early to talk about China's real rise and success.

熟悉中国历史的人都知道,自1840年鸦片战争第一次被西方列强打败以来,一代又一代的中国人一直在寻求民族复兴的道路。今天的中国比历史上任何时候都更接近实现中华民族伟大复兴的目标。但现在谈论中国真正的崛起和成功还为时过早。

 

Chinese President Xi Jinping once said that each generation has its own "long march" and they should proceed in their own way, noting that the "long march" today is to realize the Chinese dream of national rejuvenation. From this perspective, China regards itself rather than the US as its rival.

国家主席习近平曾说过,每一代人都有自己的“长征”,都要走自己的路,今天的“长征”就是实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦。从这个角度看,中国将自己而不是美国视为竞争对手。

 

Trump's role is only to remind the Chinese once again that the rise of China is a new "long march" in which every Chinese plays a leading role and shoulders the responsibility of the era. Chinese people must continue to preserve the practice of hard work, abandon arrogance and impetuosity, and maintain a spirit that nurtures this notion: Time and tide wait for no man, and one should make the best of every minute.

特朗普的作用只是再次提醒中国人,中国的崛起是一场新的“长征”,每一个中国人都要发挥领导作用,承担时代责任。中国人民必须继续发扬艰苦奋斗的精神,抛弃骄奢淫逸的作风,继续发扬“时不我待,分秒必争”的精神。

"
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