国务院新闻办新闻局副局长、新闻发言人周建设:

Zhou Jianshe:

女士们、先生们，大家下午好。欢迎出席国务院新闻办吹风会。今天我们邀请到国家发展改革委副主任郑备女士，请她为大家解读“十五五”规划《纲要（草案）》，并回答大家关心的问题。出席今天吹风会的还有，国家发展改革委秘书长袁达先生，发展战略和规划司司长陈雷女士，创新和高技术发展司司长白京羽先生，社会发展司司长刘德春先生。

Ladies and gentlemen, good afternoon. Welcome to this briefing held by the State Council Information Office (SCIO). Today we have invited Ms. Zheng Bei, vice chairperson of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), to interpret the draft Outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-2030) and answer your questions. Also attending today's briefing are: Mr. Yuan Da, secretary-general of the NDRC; Ms. Chen Lei, director general of the Department of Development Planning of the NDRC; Mr. Bai Jingyu, director general of the Department of Innovation and High-Tech Development of the NDRC; and Mr. Liu Dechun, director general of the Department of Social Development of the NDRC.

现在，请郑备女士作介绍。

Now, I'll give the floor to Ms. Zheng for her introduction.

国家发展改革委副主任郑备:

Zheng Bei:

各位媒体朋友，女士们、先生们，大家下午好。两会开幕以来，各方面高度关注“十五五”规划《纲要》，李强总理的报告对“十五五”规划《纲要（草案）》作了说明。为了便于大家更好地了解，今天我和我的同事们向大家作进一步的介绍。

Friends from the media, ladies and gentlemen, good afternoon. Since the opening of the "two sessions," all sectors have paid close attention to Outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan. Premier Li Qiang has delivered a report explaining the draft Outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan. To help you better understand it, my colleagues and I will now provide further briefing.

科学制定和接续实施五年规划是我们党治国理政一条重要经验，是中国特色社会主义制度一个重要政治优势。党中央和国务院高度重视“十五五”规划编制工作，习近平总书记为规划编制定向把舵，亲自领导规划编制起草工作全过程，多次发表重要讲话，作出一系列重要指示批示。党的二十届四中全会审议通过的“十五五”规划《建议》，为规划《纲要》的起草提供了重要遵循。按照党中央要求，国务院组建规划《纲要（草案）》编制工作领导小组和起草小组，李强总理多次主持召开会议，围绕贯彻落实党的二十届四中全会精神、高质量做好规划《纲要》编制工作进行专题研究部署。

The scientific formulation and consistent implementation of five-year plans has been an important experience in the governance and administration of state affairs by the Communist Party of China (CPC) and a key political strength of the socialism system with Chinese characteristics. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council have attached great importance to the drafting of the 15th Five-Year Plan. General Secretary Xi Jinping has provided overall guidance for the planning process, personally led the drafting work throughout, delivered many important speeches, and issued a series of important instructions and directives. Recommendations for the 15th Five-Year Plan reviewed and approved by the fourth plenary session of the 20th CPC Central Committee provided important guidance for the drafting of the Outline. According to the requirements of the CPC Central Committee, the State Council formed a leading group and drafting group for the preparation of the draft Outline, while Premier Li Qiang chaired multiple meetings to conduct special research and deployments focusing on implementing the spirit of the fourth plenary session of the 20th CPC Central Committee and ensuring high-quality preparation of the Outline.

落实习近平总书记关于规划编制要发扬民主、集思广益，广泛凝聚共识的重要指示要求，“十五五”规划《纲要》坚持开门编规划，注重加强调查研究和科学论证。

Following General Secretary Xi Jinping's important instructions that planning should promote democracy, pool collective wisdom and build broad consensus, the Outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan adopts an open and participatory approach, with a focus on conducting in-depth research and rigorous assessment.

一是深入开展重大问题研究论证。聚焦“十五五”发展的重点领域和难点问题，组织高水平研究机构形成了近200份支撑报告，对“十五五”时期主要目标指标、重要任务举措进行认真研究和深入测算。组织各地区、各部门系统谋划重大工程项目，对项目必要性可行性进行了多轮论证。

First, in-depth research and rigorous assessment have been carried out on major issues. The drafting work focused on the key areas and difficult issues during the 15th Five-Year Plan period (2026-2030), with high-level research institutions organized to produce nearly 200 support reports, carefully studying and thoroughly calculating the main goals, indicators and important tasks and measures for the 15th Five-Year period. Local governments and departments were organized to systematically plan major projects, and multiple rounds of assessment were conducted on their necessity and feasibility.

二是多渠道多方式听取意见建议。去年，到不同类型的地区调研40余次、召开50多场专题座谈会，组织国家发展规划专家委员会咨询论证，面向社会开展网络问计求策、并分类汇总出了近7万条高质量的建言，充分听取灵活就业人员、青年、农民工、残疾人等重点群体的建议，人大代表和政协委员也提出了很多好的意见。起草小组都逐条分析、研究采纳。

Second, we have solicited opinions and suggestions through multiple channels and methods. Last year, over 40 research visits were made to various types of regions, and more than 50 special symposiums were held. The National Development Planning Expert Committee was organized for consultation and assessment, public opinions were solicited online, and nearly 70,000 high-quality suggestions were compiled after sorting and analysis. Extensive consultations were also carried out with key groups, including people in flexible employment, young people, migrant workers, and people with disabilities. In addition, deputies to the National People's Congress (NPC) and members of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) put forward many valuable suggestions. The drafting group analyzed all the opinions and suggestions and considered them for adoption.

三是扎实有序推进规划《纲要》起草。在上述工作的基础上，认真开展规划基本思路和纲要框架的研究。党的二十届四中全会召开后，全面对标对表中央《建议》精神，编制形成规划《纲要（草案）》，并进行了多轮修改完善和反复推敲打磨。今年1到2月，国务院又先后组织多场座谈会，进一步听取专家企业家、党外人士、地方各级政府等方面意见，修改完善后，经党中央和国务院同意，提请本次全国两会审查讨论。

Third, we have steadily and orderly advanced the drafting of the Outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan. On the basis of the above work, studies have been carried out on the overall approach and framework of the Outline. After the convening of the fourth plenary session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, we fully aligned our work with the guiding principles of the Central Committee's Recommendations and formulated the draft Outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan. The document has undergone multiple rounds of revision and improvement following repeated review and refinement. From January to February this year, the State Council organized multiple symposiums to further solicit opinions from experts, entrepreneurs, non-CPC individuals and local governments at all levels. After a series of revisions and improvements, with the consent of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the document was submitted to this year's NPC and CPPCC sessions for review and deliberation.

规划《纲要（草案）》坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，深入贯彻党的二十大和二十届历次全会精神，认真落实四中全会部署，把党中央擘画的宏伟蓝图转化为务实可行的施工图，共设18篇、62章、171节，分为三大板块。第一板块为总论，对应第一篇，包括发展环境、指导方针和主要目标，主要是贯彻落实党中央《建议》明确的指导思想、原则和目标要求，提出了“十五五”时期经济社会发展的20项主要指标。第二板块是重大战略任务，对应第二篇至第十七篇，从产业发展、科技创新、数智化发展、国内市场、深化改革、对外开放、乡村振兴、城乡区域、文化建设、人口发展、民生保障、绿色发展、安全发展、国防建设、民主法治、一国两制等16个方面阐述主要任务和重大举措。其中，顺应数字技术和人工智能发展大势，将提升数智化发展水平单独成篇；立足人口发展的阶段性特征，将人口高质量发展单独成篇。第三板块是规划实施保障，对应第十八篇，阐述坚持和加强党中央集中统一领导，健全规划实施机制，充分调动全社会积极性主动性创造性，确保党中央决策部署落到实处。

The draft outline adheres to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, thoroughly applies the guiding principles from the Party's 20th National Congress and the plenary sessions of the 20th CPC Central Committee, earnestly carries out the deployments of the fourth plenary session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, and transforms the grand blueprint drawn by the CPC Central Committee into a pragmatic and feasible construction plan. It consists of 18 parts, 62 chapters and 171 subsections, and is divided into three major sections. The first section is the general overview, which corresponds to part 1. It covers the development environment, guiding principles and main objectives. Its main purpose is to implement the guiding ideology, principles and goal requirements specified in the recommendations adopted at the fourth plenary session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, and proposes 20 main indicators for socioeconomic development during the 15th Five-Year Plan period. The second section covers the major strategic tasks, and corresponds to parts 2 to 17. It sets out the main tasks and major measures from 16 aspects: industrial development, scientific and technological innovation, digital-intelligent development, the domestic market, deepening reform, opening up, rural revitalization, coordinated regional development, cultural development, population development, public wellbeing, green development, security and development, national defense, democracy and rule of law, and the policy of One Country, Two Systems. Specifically, in line with the development trend of digital technology and AI, the improvement of digital-intelligent development is presented separately; and based on the features of population development at the current stage, high-quality population development is also presented separately. The third section covers the guarantees for planning implementation, and corresponds to part 18. It elaborates on adhering to and strengthening the Party Central Committee's centralized, unified leadership, improving the planning implementation mechanism, mobilizing the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the whole society, and ensuring that the decisions and deployments of the CPC Central Committee are fully implemented.

规划《纲要（草案）》将根据两会全国人大代表和全国政协委员审查讨论意见，作进一步修改完善，努力形成一部符合实际、顺应期盼、引领未来的高质量规划。

The draft will be further revised and improved based on the opinions of the deputies to the NPC deputies and the CPPCC National Committee members following their review and discussion during the "two sessions." Our objective is to produce a high-quality plan that is grounded in reality, meets expectations of the public and provides guidance for the future.

接下来，我和我的同事很乐意与媒体朋友就规划《纲要（草案）》相关问题作进一步交流。谢谢！

Next, my colleagues and I are happy to answer questions you have related to the draft. Thank you.

周建设:

Zhou Jianshe:

谢谢郑备女士的介绍，现在请大家举手提问，提问前请通报所在的新闻机构。

Thank you, Ms. Zheng, for your introduction. The floor is now open for questions. Please identify the media outlet you represent before asking your questions.

中央广播电视总台央视记者:

CCTV:

“十五五”规划《纲要》是党的二十大以后制定的第一个五年规划，是依据四中全会《建议》形成的未来五年经济社会发展施工图。能否介绍一下规划《纲要（草案）》的主要特点和亮点？谢谢。

The 15th Five-Year Plan is the first five-year plan formulated after the 20th CPC National Congress, and is the construction blueprint for economic and social development in the next five years based on the recommendations adopted at the fourth plenary session of the 20th CPC Central Committee. Could you please introduce the main features and highlights of the draft? Thank you.

郑备:

Zheng Bei:

谢谢您的提问，这个问题我来回答。就如你刚才所说的，规划《纲要（草案）》全面落实党的二十届四中全会《建议》要求，注重以改革创新的思路谋划重大载体抓手，进一步细化明确必要的定量要求和具体的工作部署。昨天，郑栅洁主任在记者会上对如何把握规划《纲要（草案）》的主要内容作了解读，这里我再作进一步介绍。总的来看，规划《纲要（草案）》有四个方面的突出特点：

Thank you for your question. I will take this one. As you just said, the draft fully implements the requirements of the recommendations adopted at the fourth plenary session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, focuses on planning major initiatives with a reform and innovation mindset, and further refines and clarifies necessary quantitative requirements and specific work arrangements. Yesterday, Mr. Zheng Shanjie explained the main contents of the draft at a press conference. I will offer you some further details here. In general, the draft is characterized by four prominent features:

一是规划定位上，做好承前启后，注重“夯实基础、全面发力”。根据党中央的战略部署，全面建成小康社会到基本实现社会主义现代化，需要3个五年规划来实现。“十四五”是第一个、已经实现了良好开局，“十六五”是收官期，“十五五”具有承前启后的重要地位。规划《纲要（草案）》立足这一定位，系统盘点发展成就，综合研判发展环境，聚焦巩固拓展优势、破除瓶颈制约、补强短板弱项，提出“十五五”时期经济社会发展的主要目标指标，明确重大战略任务举措，一张蓝图绘到底，确保基本实现社会主义现代化取得决定性进展。

First, in terms of its strategic positioning, the draft builds on past successes to break new ground, and focuses on strengthening the foundation and making comprehensive efforts. According to the strategic plan of the CPC Central Committee, the transition from the completion of a moderately prosperous society in all respects to the basic realization of socialist modernization will require three five-year plans. The 14th Five-Year Plan was the first and has already achieved a good start, the 16th Five-Year Plan will be the concluding period, while the 15th Five-Year Plan occupies a pivotal position in linking past and future. The draft has been formulated based on this positioning. It systematically reviews development achievements, comprehensively assesses the development environment, and focuses on consolidating and expanding advantages, removing bottlenecks and constraints, and strengthening weaknesses. It proposes the main goals and indicators for socioeconomic development during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, clarifies major strategic tasks and measures, and implements a consistent blueprint to ensure decisive progress in basically realizing socialist modernization.

二是发展导向上，紧扣高质量发展，注重“结构优化、质量提升”。党中央《建议》明确以推动高质量发展为主题，规划《纲要（草案）》紧紧围绕这一主题设定指标、部署任务、谋划项目，引导实现质的有效提升和量的合理增长。在主要目标指标中，落实党中央《建议》明确的七方面目标，按照高质量发展的要求，指标设置涵盖经济发展、创新驱动、民生福祉、绿色低碳、安全保障等5个方面，目标值均经过科学测算和综合平衡，有利于形成推动高质量发展的合力。

Second, in terms of development orientation, it closely aligns with high-quality development, focusing on structural optimization and qualitative improvements. The recommendations clearly set promoting high-quality development as the theme, and the draft closely revolves around this theme, setting indicators, laying out tasks and planing projects, to guide the effective improvements of quality and the reasonable growth of quantity. In terms of the main target indicators, implementing the seven aspects of goals specified in the recommendations, and in accordance with the requirements for high-quality development, the indicator settings cover five areas: economic development, innovation-driven, public wellbeing, green and low-carbon, and security. The target values have all been scientifically calculated and comprehensively balanced, which will help create a synergy for promoting high-quality development.

三是任务安排上，强化务实管用，注重“精准有效、支撑有力”。规划《纲要（草案）》坚持目标导向和问题导向相结合、全面规划和突出重点相统筹，部署16个方面重大战略任务，涵盖经济社会发展重点领域和关键环节，特别是针对性提出一体推进教育科技人才发展、坚持投资于物和投资于人紧密结合、促进区域联动发展等许多创新举措。同时，提出6个方面109项重大工程，包括雅下水电工程、三峡水运新通道、卫星互联网等一系列基础性标志性项目。这些务实举措和重大工程项目，将有力支撑规划《纲要》各项目标任务的实现。

Third, in terms of setting tasks, it emphasizes pragmatic and practical measures, prioritizing precision, effectiveness and robust support. The draft outline adheres to a combination of goal-oriented and problem-oriented approaches, and coordinates overall planning with highlighting key points. It deploys 16 major strategic tasks covering key areas and critical links of economic and social development, especially proposing targeted innovative measures such as promoting integrated development of education, sci-tech and talent, insisting on closely combining investment in things and investment in people, and promoting coordinated regional development. At the same time, it proposes 109 major projects in six areas, including a series of landmark infrastructure projects such as the Yaxia Hydropower Project, the new Three Gorges Waterway Channel, and satellite internet. These pragmatic measures and major projects will strongly support the realization of the goals and tasks of the outline.

四是价值取向上，坚持人民至上，注重“实实在在、富有实效”。总书记强调，谋划“十五五”时期经济社会发展，要不忘初心，把造福人民作为根本价值取向。规划《纲要（草案）》坚持尽力而为、量力而行，扎实推进全体人民共同富裕，在主要指标、重大任务、重大工程中均突出了发展的民生导向，主要指标覆盖就业、收入、教育、健康、养老、托育等人民群众最关心最直接最现实的问题；重大任务明确实施稳岗扩容提质行动、城乡居民增收计划、高质量参保行动、社会关爱服务提升工程等一揽子务实举措；重大工程提出优质高等教育资源扩容、医疗卫生强基、医养结合能力提升等一系列惠民生、暖民心的工程。各项举措都紧紧围绕解决群众关切的急事、难事、烦心事，努力把民生实事办到人民群众的“心坎上”。

Fourth, in terms of value orientation, it upholds putting the people first, focusing on concrete and effective results. The general secretary emphasized that in planning economic and social development during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, we must stay true to our original aspiration and place the well-being of the people at the heart of our fundamental values. The draft outline of 15th Five-Year Plan adheres to the principle of doing the best within our means, making solid efforts to promote the common prosperity of all people. In terms of major indicators, key tasks and significant projects, it highlights the development's focus on the well-being of the people. The main indicators cover employment, income, education, health, elderly care and child care — which are the most pressing, immediate issues of utmost concern to the people. The key tasks clearly specify a package of pragmatic measures such as implementing actions to stabilize jobs, expand capacity and improve quality, as well as urban and rural residents' income growth plans, high-quality insurance enrollment, and social care services improvement projects. The major projects propose a series of heart-warming initiatives that can help improve living standards, such as expanding high-quality higher education resources, strengthening medical and health foundations, and enhancing the capacity for integration of medical care and elderly care. Each measure closely focuses on solving urgent, difficult and troublesome matters of public concern, striving to do practical things for the people that truly resonate with them.

以上“四个注重”的介绍，希望有助于大家更好地理解规划《纲要（草案）》。谢谢。

I hope that this introduction to these four areas of focus can help you better understand the draft outline. Thank you.

红星新闻记者:

Red Star News:

“十五五”时期，对于推进碳达峰工作非常关键，同“十四五”相比，“十五五”规划《纲要（草案）》对经济社会发展全面绿色转型有哪些新的部署，将如何推动落实？谢谢。

The 15th Five-Year Plan period is very critical for promoting carbon peak work. Compared with the 14th Five-Year Plan period, what new arrangements does the draft outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan make for the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, and how will they be implemented? Thank you.

郑备:

Zheng Bei:

“十四五”时期，我们的绿色发展确实取得历史性的成就，“十五五”规划《纲要（草案）》也作了部署，这个问题我想请袁达先生来回答。

During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, we have indeed achieved historic accomplishments in green development. The draft outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan has also made arrangements in this area. I would like to invite Mr. Yuan to answer this question.

国家发展改革委秘书长袁达:

Yuan Da:

谢谢您的提问。“十五五”是加快经济社会发展全面绿色转型的关键期，也是实现碳达峰目标的决胜期。与“十四五”相比，“十五五”规划《纲要（草案）》在贯彻落实绿色发展理念上，更加突出了“低碳”要求。一是鲜明提出以碳达峰碳中和为牵引，协同推进降碳、减污、扩绿、增长。二是全面实施碳排放总量和强度双控制度。需要说明的是，能源活动是碳排放的最主要来源，从能耗双控转向碳排放双控，并不意味着对节能工作的放松，节能仍然是最直接、最经济、最有效的降碳途径。

Thank you for your question. The 15th Five-Year Plan period is a key period for accelerating the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, and also a decisive period for achieving the carbon peak goal. Compared with the 14th Five-Year Plan, the draft outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan highlights the "low-carbon" requirement more prominently in implementing the concept of green development. First, it explicitly proposes taking carbon peaking and carbon neutrality as the driving force to promote carbon reduction, pollution reduction, greening and growth in a coordinated manner. Second, it fully implements the dual control system of total carbon emissions and emission intensity. It should be noted that energy activities are the main source of carbon emissions, and shifting from dual control of energy consumption to dual control of carbon emissions does not mean relaxing energy-saving efforts. Energy saving is still the most direct, economical and effective way to reduce carbon.

规划《纲要（草案）》在这方面的部署，突出要建好“一个机制”，抓好“三项任务”。

In this regard, the draft outline emphasizes building "one mechanism" and carrying out "three tasks."

“一个机制”，就是覆盖各类主体的激励约束机制。推动出台《碳达峰碳中和综合评价考核办法》，科学合理分解碳排放双控目标，压实碳排放目标落实责任，有序开展地方碳考核。同时，坚持政策引导和市场激励相结合，建立健全政策法规体系，稳步实施行业碳管控、企业碳管理、项目碳评价、产品碳足迹。

The "one mechanism" refers to an incentive and constraint mechanism covering all types of entities. We will promote the introduction of the Comprehensive Evaluation and Assessment Measures for Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality, scientifically and reasonably allocate the dual control targets for carbon emissions, strengthen responsibilities for achieving carbon emission targets, and carry out local carbon assessments in an orderly manner. At the same time, we will adhere to the combination of policy guidance and market incentives, establish and improve the policy and legal system, and steadily implement industry carbon control, enterprise carbon management, project carbon evaluation and product carbon footprints.

“三项任务”将围绕能源、产业、生产生活方式这三个方面深入展开。

The "three tasks" will be carried out in depth around three aspects: energy, industry, and production and lifestyle.

第一，加快能源“向新向绿”。“十四五”时期，我国可再生能源装机占比达到60%左右，对全球可再生能源新增装机的贡献持续超过50%。“十五五”时期，我们将以更大力度发展非化石能源，加快建设新型电力系统，加快推进新增用电量由新增清洁能源电量覆盖，推动煤炭和石油消费达峰。

First, we will accelerate the move toward new and green energy. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China's installed capacity of renewable energy accounted for about 60% of total capacity, with its contribution to global newly installed renewable energy continuing to exceed 50%. During the 15th Five-Year Plan period, we will make greater efforts to develop non-fossil energy, accelerate the construction of a new type of power system, speed up the process whereby new electricity demand is covered by newly generated clean energy, and promote the peaking of coal and oil consumption.

第二，加快产业“降碳增绿”。一手做“加法”，大力发展绿色低碳技术和产业，有序推动符合要求的高载能产业向可再生能源资源富集地区转移，建成100个左右国家级零碳园区，规划布局1万公里以上的零碳运输走廊。一手做“减法”，深入实施重点行业节能降碳改造重大工程，加快淘汰落后低效产能，有力有效管控“两高”项目，推动交通动力低碳替代，提升算力设施、5G基站等新兴领域用能效率。

Second, we will accelerate industrial carbon reduction and advance green development. On one hand, we will pursue "additive" strategies: vigorously developing green and low-carbon technologies and industries, facilitating the orderly transfer of eligible energy-intensive industries to regions with high concentrations of renewable energy resources, establishing about 100 national zero-carbon parks, and planning more than 10,000 kilometers of zero-carbon transportation corridors. On the other hand, we will pursue "subtractive" strategies: implementing major projects for energy-saving and carbon-reducing transformation in key industries, accelerating the phasing out of outdated and inefficient production capacity, effectively controlling high energy consumption and high emissions projects, promoting low-carbon substitution of transportation power, and improving energy efficiency in emerging fields such as computing power facilities and 5G base stations.

第三，加快生产生活“节约增效”。突出节约优先，加强水、土地、矿产等资源全过程管理和全链条节约，大力发展循环经济，支持再制造产业发展壮大。开展绿色低碳全民行动，共同践行简约适度、绿色低碳、文明健康的生活理念和消费方式。谢谢。

Third, we will accelerate resource conservation and efficiency enhancements in production and daily life. We will prioritize conservation, strengthen whole-process management and full-chain saving of water, land, minerals and other resources, vigorously develop the circular economy, and support the growth and expansion of the remanufacturing industry. We will carry out nationwide green and low-carbon actions to jointly practice a lifestyle and consumption pattern that is simple, moderate, green, low-carbon, civilized and healthy.

海报新闻记者:

The Poster News APP:

五年规划既是“国事”也是“家事”。请问未来五年在教育、医疗卫生、社会保障等公共服务领域，将推出哪些让群众更有获得感的重点举措？谢谢。

Five-year plans are as much a matter of the country as they are for every household. Over the next five years, in the fields of public services such as education, health care and social security, what key measures will be introduced to give the public a stronger sense of gain? Thank you.

郑备:

Zheng Bei:

民生无小事，枝叶总关情。这个问题由社会司司长刘德春先生来回答。

No matter is too small when it comes to the people's well-being. I would like to invite Mr. Liu to answer this question.

国家发展改革委社会发展司司长刘德春:

Liu Dechun:

谢谢您的提问。公共服务关系广大群众最关心、最直接、最现实的利益，我们国家确定了到2035年要实现基本公共服务均等化，这是国家基本实现社会主义现代化的一项重要的目标要求。“十五五”规划《纲要（草案）》在教育、医疗卫生、社会保障等方面作出了一系列的部署安排。具体来说：

Thank you for your question. Public services concern the most immediate, practical and vital interests of the people. China has set the goal of achieving equal access to basic public services by 2035, which is an important requirement for basically realizing socialist modernization. The draft Outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan makes a series of arrangements in the areas of education, health care and social security.

教育方面，就是加快健全与人口变化相适应的教育资源配置机制，推动劳动年龄人口平均受教育年限再增长0.4年，也就是从现在的11.3年增长到11.7年。其中，基础教育重在扩优提质。统筹推进学前教育优质普惠发展、义务教育优质均衡发展，稳步扩大免费教育范围，探索延长义务教育年限，新建改扩建1000所优质的普通高中。职业教育重在产教融合。支持新建500个高水平产教融合实训基地，深化产教融合、校企合作，推动职业教育在总量、结构、质量等方面，与产业的需求相匹配。高等教育重在提质扩容。适度扩大“双一流”建设范围，支持布局新型研究型大学，推进高水平中外合作办学，有序增加优质本科教育招生规模。

Specifically, in terms of education, efforts will be made to accelerate improvements to the education resource allocation mechanism that adapts to population changes. We aim to increase the average schooling years of the working-age population by another 0.4 years, raising it from the current 11.3 years to 11.7 years. Basic education will focus more on expanding excellence and improving quality. We will comprehensively promote high-quality, inclusive preschool education, and high-quality, balanced compulsory education. We will steadily expand access to free education, explore extending the years of compulsory education, and build, renovate or expand 1,000 high-quality senior high schools. The focus in vocational education will be on industry-education integration. We will support the establishment of 500 new high-level industry-education integration training bases, deepen industry-education integration and school-enterprise cooperation, and promote vocational education to match industrial needs in terms of scale, structure and quality. The focus in higher education will be on improving quality and expanding capacity. We will moderately expand our initiative to develop world-class universities and academic disciplines, support efforts to foster new research-oriented universities, promote high-level collaboration with overseas universities to establish joint institutions and programs in China, and increase the enrollment scale of high-quality undergraduate education in an orderly manner.

医疗卫生方面，持续强化公共卫生能力，优化医疗机构功能定位和布局，推动人均预期寿命提高到80岁，也就是基本达到高收入国家水平。重点推进三方面工作：一是医疗卫生强基，建设1000个紧密型县域医共体，满足群众在家门口看病就医的需求。二是康复护理扩容提升，支持一批城市二级医院结合实际发展康复护理等特色服务，全面加强多层次多样化的康复护理、安宁疗护服务体系建设。三是优质医疗资源均衡布局，推动125个国家区域医疗中心提质增效，支持一批省域高水平医院内涵建设和临床诊疗能力提升，努力实现看大病不出省。

In health care, we will continue to strengthen public health capabilities, optimize the roles and layout of medical institutions, and work toward raising average life expectancy to 80 years — bringing it broadly in line with that of high-income countries. Our efforts will focus on three key areas: First, we will strengthen the foundation of medical and health care services by building 1,000 integrated county-level medical communities to meet the public's needs for medical treatment near their homes. Second, we will expand and improve rehabilitation and nursing care. We will support a number of secondary-level hospitals in cities to develop specialized services such as rehabilitation and nursing care based on their actual conditions, while also comprehensively strengthening the construction of multi-level and diversified rehabilitation, nursing and hospice care service systems. Third, we will balance the distribution of high-quality medical resources. Efforts will be made to enhance the quality and efficiency of 125 national regional medical centers, while supporting a number of high-level provincial hospitals in strengthening their clinical diagnosis and treatment capabilities and fully realizing their potential. These measures aim to ensure that patients can receive treatment for major illnesses within their own province.

社会保障方面，稳步推进社会保障扩面提标，切实兜住兜牢民生底线。“扩面”重点就是扩大失业、工伤保险覆盖面，建立健全职业伤害保障制度，提高灵活就业人员、农民工、新就业形态人员的参保率。“提标”重点是健全基本养老保险待遇确定和调整机制，逐步提高城乡居民基础养老金，合理提高城乡居民医保补助标准。

In terms of social security, we will steadily promote the expansion and upgrading of social security coverage, and firmly safeguard the bottom line of basic livelihoods. The focus of expansion will be on enlarging the coverage of unemployment and work-related injury insurance, establishing and improving the occupational injury protection system, and increasing the participation rate of flexible employees, migrant workers and those in new forms of employment. The focus of upgrading will be on improving the determination and adjustment mechanism of basic pension insurance benefits, gradually increasing the basic pension for urban and rural residents, and reasonably raising the subsidy standards for urban and rural residents' medical insurance.

未来五年，将深入推进以人为本的新型城镇化，健全与常住人口相匹配的公共资源配置机制，推动城镇基本公共服务有效覆盖常住人口，缩小城乡区域基本公共服务差距，推动基本公共服务均等化水平明显提升。谢谢。

In the next five years, we will move forward with people-centered new urbanization, improve mechanisms for allocating public resources according to the size of permanent resident population, promote the effective coverage of basic urban public services to ensure they cover all permanent residents, narrow the gap in basic public services between urban and rural areas, so as to ensure that rural areas enjoy the same basic public services as urban areas. Thank you.

第一财经记者:

Yicai:

我们知道，“十五五”规划《纲要（草案）》提出了20个主要指标，这些指标大家都很关注，请问这些指标设置的主要考虑是什么？能否介绍一下经济增长指标是如何设置的，以及包括老百姓关心的民生等领域指标设置有什么新特点？谢谢。

We know that the draft outline of the15th Five-Year Plan (2026-30) has proposed 20 main indicators, which are of great concern to everyone. May I ask what are the main considerations in setting these indicators? Could you introduce how the economic growth indicators are set, and what new features there are in setting indicators in areas including public wellbeing that people care about? Thank you.

郑备:

Zheng Bei:

谢谢您的提问，这个问题我来回答。主要指标是五年规划实施的关键牵引。“十五五”规划《纲要（草案）》统筹需要和可能、数量和质量，设置了五个方面20项主要指标。指标设置坚持远近结合、守正创新、综合平衡、精准有效，与到2035年基本实现社会主义现代化、本世纪中叶建成社会主义现代化强国目标相贯通，有力支撑现代化战略的接续落实。

Thanks for your questions. I will answer them. Main indicators are the key drivers for the implementation of the Five-Year Plan. Coordinating needs and possibilities, quantity and quality, the draft outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan sets 20 main indicators in five areas. The indicator setting adheres to considering both long- and near-term needs, upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, ensuring overall balance, and achieving precision and effectiveness. They are aligned with the goals of basically realizing socialist modernization by 2035 and building China into a great modern socialist country in all respects by the middle of this century, and strongly supporting the continued implementation of the modernization strategy.

您提到的经济增长目标大家都很关注，规划《纲要（草案）》将GDP增长目标设为“保持在合理区间、各年度视情提出，为到2035年人均国内生产总值比2020年翻一番、达到中等发达国家水平打好基础”。这一指标目标的设置，采用了定性表述中蕴含定量要求的方式，与党中央《建议》提出的“经济增长保持在合理区间”目标是相一致的，与“十四五”规划《纲要》的表述也是一脉相承的，充分体现了推动高质量发展的鲜明导向，引导各方追求实实在在的增长，为转方式、调结构、促改革留出空间，为居民就业增收提供支撑。同时，“翻一番”蕴含着对未来10年GDP年均增长的稳定预期，顺应了中国经济长期向好的发展趋势。“打好基础”是指“十五五”期间的实际工作争取更好的结果，为“十六五”发展打下更加坚实的基础。《政府工作报告》提出，今年年度GDP增长目标为4.5%—5%，各地两会结合自身的实际，也确定了本地经济增长目标。这很好体现了年度计划与中长期规划、地方规划与国家规划的有机衔接。

Regarding the economic growth target, which has drawn widespread attention, the draft outline proposes keeping economic expansion within an "appropriate range," calibrating subsequent annual rates to shifting realities, and laying a solid foundation for doubling the 2020 per capita GDP by 2035 to reach the level of a moderately developed country. This target integrates quantitative goals into a qualitative framework, which is consistent with the goal proposed in the Party Central Committee's "Recommendations," detailing that "the economy keeps growing within an appropriate range" and is in line with the wording of the Outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan. It fully reflects the clear orientation of promoting high-quality development, guiding all parties to pursue tangible growth, allowing room for shifting development patterns, adjusting structures, and promoting reforms, and providing support for employment and income growth among residents. At the same time, "doubling" embodies an expectation for the average annual GDP growth over the next decades, and aligns with the long-term positive trend of China's economic development. "Laying a solid foundation" means striving for better outcomes in the actual work during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, laying a more solid foundation for development in the 16th Five-Year Plan period (2031-2035). This year's Government Work Report proposes that this year's annual GDP growth target will be 4.5%—5%, and local two sessions have set their own local economic growth targets based on their actual situations. This demonstrates the organic connection between annual plans and medium- and long-term plans, as well as between local plans and national plans.

您刚才还提到民生指标，党中央和国务院对此高度重视。规划《纲要（草案）》聚焦人民群众急难愁盼，设置了7项民生指标，占主要指标的比重超过1/3。比如，在教育健康方面，提出提高劳动年龄人口平均受教育年限、人均预期寿命、每千人口拥有医护人员数等指标，以切实提升人民群众教育和健康水平。针对大家关心的“一老一小”服务问题，规划《纲要（草案）》增设了养老机构护理型床位占比指标，主要是引导养老机构提供更多优质护理服务，更好地满足失能失智老年人的照护需求。同时，设置3岁以下婴幼儿入托率提高指标，综合反映托育需求的满足程度，引导各地持续改善托育服务质量，增强群众获得感。

You also mentioned indicators concerning public wellbeing, which the CPC Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to. The draft outline focuses on resolving the pressing difficulties and problems that concern the people most, setting seven targets concerning people's wellbeing, accounting for more than one-third of the major development targets. For example, it sets targets to increase the average years of education for the working-age population, the average life expectancy, and the number of medical staff per 1,000 people, to tangibly improve the education and health standards of the people. Regarding the elderly and childcare services that concern everyone, the draft outline has added an indicator for the proportion of nursing beds in elderly care institutions, mainly to guide elderly care institutions to provide more high-quality nursing services and better meet the care needs of elderly people with functional disabilities or dementia. At the same time, the draft outline sets a target to increase the rate of kindergarten enrollment of infants under the age of 3, comprehensively reflecting the extent to which childcare needs are met, guiding all regions to continuously improve the quality of childcare services, and enhancing the sense of gain among the public.

此外，围绕提升自主创新能力、实现碳达峰、保障粮食和能源安全等重点任务，还针对性地设置了全社会研发经费投入增长、单位GDP二氧化碳排放降低、粮食综合生产能力和能源综合生产能力等指标。这些主要指标牵引着规划《纲要》的若干战略任务，将分类采取有效措施加以推进落实。谢谢。

In addition, focusing on key tasks such as raising the country's capacity for innovation, achieving peak carbon emissions, and ensuring food and energy security, the draft outline sets targeted indicators such as growth in nationwide R&D spending, reduction of carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP, total grain production capacity and overall energy production capacity. These major targets drive the strategic tasks in the 15th Five-Year Plan and will be implemented through tailored measures based on their specific categories. Thank you.

美国国际市场新闻社记者:

Market News International:

“十五五”时期，外资准入负面清单能否继续压缩？在电信、医疗、教育等服务领域，具体将推出哪些开放措施？是否有明确的时间表？

During the 15th Five-Year Plan, can the negative list for foreign investment access be further shortened? What specific opening-up measures can take place in the services sector, such as telecommunications, healthcare, and education? And do you have a clear timetable for this?

郑备:

Zheng Bei:

谢谢您的提问。我们将坚定不移的推进高水平对外开放，这个问题我想请规划司司长陈雷女士来回答。

Thank you for your questions. We will unswervingly advance high-standard opening up. I would like to invite Ms. Chen Lei, director general of the NDRC's Department of Development Planning, to answer these questions.

国家发展改革委发展战略和规划司司长陈雷:

Chen Lei:

谢谢您的提问。通过扩大准入等措施持续优化外商投资环境，是扩大高水平对外开放的重要内容。党中央《建议》明确指出，坚持开放合作、互利共赢是中国式现代化的必然要求。“十五五”规划《纲要（草案）》贯彻落实党中央《建议》部署，从积极扩大自主开放、提升贸易投资合作质量和水平、高质量共建“一带一路”、推动构建人类命运共同体等方面进行了全面阐述，致力于建设更高水平开放型经济新体制，与世界各国共享机遇、共同发展。这里，我想重点介绍其中三个方面的举措。

Thank you for your questions. Continuously optimizing the environment for overseas investment through measures including expanding access is crucial for advancing high-standard opening up. The CPC Central Committee's recommendations clarify that upholding opening up and cooperation for mutual benefit is an essential requirement for Chinese modernization. The draft outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-2030) implements the deployment of the CPC Central Committee's recommendations, offering a comprehensive explanation on actively expanding self-initiated opening up, improving the quality and level of trade and investment cooperation, pursuing high-quality Belt and Road cooperation and promoting the building of a community with a shared future for humanity. The aim is to develop new institutions for a higher-standard open economy, and share opportunities with the rest of the world and promote common development. Here, I would like to highlight three measures.

一是积极扩大自主开放。近年来，中国的对外开放水平不断提升，外资准入负面清单已经压缩至29条，制造业领域外资准入限制全面“清零”。下一步，将以服务业为重点扩大市场准入和开放领域，推动电信、互联网、教育、文化、医疗等领域有序扩大开放，推进服务业扩大开放综合试点示范，缩减外资准入负面清单，让外资企业在中国的投资空间“更广”。同时，打造形态多样的开放高地。去年底，海南自由贸易港正式启动全岛封关运作，“十五五”时期将持续提升贸易投资和要素流动等重点领域的开放水平。实施自由贸易试验区提升战略，推动有条件的自贸试验区围绕数字经济、科技创新、离岸贸易等领域开展更多首创首试。

First, we should proactively expand self-initiated opening up. In recent years, China's level of opening up has been continuously improving. The negative list for foreign investment has been reduced to 29 items, with all restrictions on foreign investment in the manufacturing sector being eliminated. Next, we will expand market access and open up more areas, particularly in the service sector. We will promote orderly expansion of opening up in telecommunications, the internet, education, culture, medical care, and other sectors, advance comprehensive pilot demonstrations for expanding opening up in the service industry, and reduce the negative list for foreign investment. Our goal is to create a broader investment space for foreign enterprises in China. Meanwhile, a diverse array of pacesetters in promoting opening up will be established. At the end of 2025, the Hainan Free Trade Port officially launched island-wide special customs operations. During the 15th Five-Year Plan period, we will continue to advance opening up in key areas including trade, investment, and the flow of production factors. The strategy to upgrade pilot free trade zones (FTZs) will be implemented to encourage eligible pilot FTZs to carry out more pioneering trials in areas such as digital economy, technological innovation, and offshore trade.

二是推动贸易创新发展。2025年，中国的货物贸易进出口总额达到6.35万亿美元，服务贸易规模突破万亿美元，成为全球160多个国家和地区的主要贸易伙伴。“十五五”时期将促进外贸提质增效、推进进出口平衡发展，修订鼓励进口技术、产品和服务目录，完善跨境服务贸易的负面清单管理制度，完善保税维修和再制造、新型离岸贸易等政策环境，持续办好进博会、广交会、服贸会等重大展会，为世界各国提供更加广阔的市场机遇。

Second, we should promote the innovative development of trade. In 2025, China's total goods trade import and export reached 6.35 trillion U.S. dollars, while service trade exceeded 1 trillion U.S. dollars. China has become the primary trade partner of over 160 countries and regions around the world. During the 15th Five-Year Plan period, efforts will be made to improve the quality and efficiency of foreign trade, promote balanced development of imports and exports, revise the catalog of technologies, products, and services that the country encourages for import, improve the negative list management system for cross-border service trade, and enhance policy environments for bonded repair and remanufacturing, as well as new types of offshore trade. We will also continue to hold major exhibitions, including the China International Import Expo, the Canton Fair, and the China International Fair for Trade in Services, offering countries around the world with broader market opportunities.

三是拓展双向投资合作空间。“十四五”时期，中国利用外资累计超过7500亿美元，境外投资遍及190个国家和地区。“十五五”时期，将持续优化外商投资环境，全面落实外资企业国民待遇，健全外商投资服务保障体系，落实好“准入又准营”，欢迎更多外资企业在中国投资，共同分享先进制造、现代服务、高新技术、节能环保等领域的巨大发展空间。同时，健全海外综合服务体系，支持有条件的企业开展互利共赢的境外投资合作。

Third, we should create greater space for two-way investment cooperation. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China attracted over 750 billion U.S. dollars in foreign investment, and extended its overseas investments to 190 countries and regions. For the 15th Five-Year Plan period, we will continue to improve the environment for foreign investment, fully implement national treatment for foreign-funded enterprises, and improve the service and support system for foreign investors. By ensuring both easy market access and accommodating business environments, we welcome more foreign-funded enterprises to invest in China and share the huge development space in advanced manufacturing, modern services, high-tech industries, energy conservation and environmental protection. At the same time, we will improve comprehensive overseas services to support qualified enterprises in pursuing mutually-beneficial overseas investment cooperation.

我们相信，通过持续扩大高水平对外开放，以开放促改革促发展，将有力推动国内国际双循环更加畅通，与世界各国共享发展机遇，更好开创合作共赢新局面。谢谢。

We believe that by continuously expanding high-standard opening up, and promoting reform and development through opening up, we will effectively promote unimpeded domestic and international economic flows, sharing development opportunities with the rest of the world, and better creating new horizons for mutually beneficial cooperation. Thank you.

美国消费者新闻与商业频道记者:

CNBC:

“十五五”规划《纲要》对新兴产业和未来产业作了哪些安排？人工智能将如何融入这些新兴行业的发展与制造过程中？

What are the details of the 15th Five-Year Plan regarding emerging and frontier industries? And how will AI be integrated into the development and manufacture of these industries?

郑备:

Zheng Bei:

你这个问题可能大家都很关注，也涉及到高技术领域，我想请我们高技术司司长白京羽先生来回答。

This question may be a concern for everyone, and it also involves the high-tech field. I would like to invite Mr. Bai Jingyu, director general of the NDRC's Department of Innovation and High-Tech Development, to address the question.

国家发展改革委创新和高技术发展司司长白京羽:

Bai Jingyu:

谢谢您的提问。新一轮科技革命和产业变革加速突破，涌现出了一大批新技术、新产业、新业态、新模式，为我国现代化建设提供了难得机遇。为了牢牢把握这一难得历史机遇，《纲要（草案）》对培育壮大新兴产业和未来产业，以及数智化发展作了专门部署。在重大任务安排上，可以概括为梯次布局、厚植生态、数智赋能3个方面。

Thank you for your questions. A new wave of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is driving rapid breakthroughs, giving rise to a large number of new technologies, industries, business forms and models. This presents valuable opportunities for China's modernization. In order to firmly seize this rare historical opportunity, the draft outline includes dedicated arrangements for nurturing and expanding emerging and future industries, as well as for advancing digital and intelligent development. The major tasks can be summarized into three aspects: phased layout, ecosystem improvement, and digital and intelligent empowerment.

一是梯次布局，构建战略性新兴产业、新兴支柱产业和未来产业组成的、远近结合的新兴产业发展序列。立足当前，继续抓好新一代信息技术、新能源等战略性新兴产业发展，因地制宜建设各具特色、优势互补的产业集群。面向中期，着力打造集成电路、生物医药、航空航天等新兴支柱产业，构筑国民经济发展的新支柱。着眼长远，前瞻布局量子科技、脑机接口、具身智能等未来产业，培育“明天”的战略性新兴产业、“后天”的支柱产业。

First, pursuing a tiered deployment. We will establish a development sequence for emerging industries composed of strategic emerging industries, emerging pillar industries, and future industries, integrating near-, medium-, and long-term planning. In the near term, we will continue to advance the development of strategic emerging industries such as next-generation information technology and new energy, and develop industrial clusters with distinctive features and with complementary strengths in light of local conditions. In the medium term, we will focus on fostering emerging pillar industries, including integrated circuits, biomedicine, and aerospace, to form new pillars to support the national economy. Looking further ahead, we will make forward-looking arrangements for future industries such as quantum technology, brain-computer interfaces, and embodied intelligence, cultivating the strategic emerging industries of tomorrow and the pillar industries of the future.

二是厚植生态，打造创新引领、需求牵引、要素集聚、因地制宜、监管有效的产业发展生态。围绕创新引领，组织实施若干产业创新工程，全链条推动重点领域关键核心技术攻关取得决定性突破，以新供给创造新需求。围绕场景牵引，实施新技术新产品新场景大规模应用示范行动，以新需求引领新供给。围绕要素集聚，建立未来产业投入增长机制和风险分担机制，加强重点领域人才培养，优化国家级科技创新平台基地布局，有力支撑产业发展。围绕因地制宜，严格落实重大生产力布局，引导各方面科学理性，实事求是地开展工作。围绕监管有效，推进新兴领域立法，完善市场准入制度，创新监管方式，统筹好发展和安全，真正做到放得活、管得好。

Second, we will focus on the fostering of a sound ecosystem characterized by innovation-driven growth, demand-led development, factor aggregation, locally tailored approaches, and effective regulation. To strengthen innovation leadership, we will organize and implement a number of industrial innovation initiatives, promote decisive breakthroughs in key and core technologies in priority areas across the entire innovation chain, and create new demand through new supply. To leverage application scenarios, we will launch demonstration programs, for the large-scale application of new technologies, new products, and new scenarios, allowing new demand to guide new supply. To promote factor aggregation, we will establish mechanisms to increase investment in future industries and share risks, strengthen talent cultivation in key fields, and optimize the layout of national-level science and technological innovation platforms, thereby providing strong support for industrial development. To ensure development suited to local conditions, we will strictly implement the arrangements for the layouts of major productive forces, guiding all parties to carry out their work in a scientific, rational, and pragmatic manner. To ensure effective regulation, we will advance legislation in emerging sectors, improve the market access system, and innovate regulatory approaches, properly balancing development and security, thereby energizing the market while ensuring sound regulation.

三是数智赋能，以算力、算法、数据高效供给和数智技术赋能经济社会发展，深入推进数字中国建设。算力方面，加快建设全国一体化算力网，推进算力资源规模化、集约化、绿色化、普惠化发展。算法方面，突破人工智能基础理论和核心技术，加强关键算法研发，推进模型算法迭代创新。数据方面，健全数据要素基础制度，深化数据资源开发利用。赋能方面，全面实施“人工智能+”行动，全方位赋能千行百业，促进生产方式深层次变革和生产力革命性跃迁。谢谢。

Third, promoting digital and intelligent empowerment. By ensuring the efficient supply of computing power, algorithms, and data, and leveraging digital and intelligent technologies, we will empower economic and social development and further advance the building of a Digital China. In terms of computing power, we will accelerate the development of a national integrated computing power network, promoting the scaled, intensive, green, and inclusive development of computing resources. In terms of algorithms, we will strive for breakthroughs in the basic theories and core technologies of artificial intelligence, strengthen the development of key algorithms, and promote iterative innovation in models and algorithms. In terms of data, we will improve the foundational institutions for data elements and deepen the development and utilization of data resources. In terms of empowerment, we will fully implement the "AI Plus" initiative, enabling all sectors and industries and promoting profound changes in production methods as well as the transformative leap in productivity. Thank you.

中宏网记者:

Zhonghongwang.com:

“十五五”规划《建议》提出，强大的国内市场是中国式现代化的战略依托。请问“十五五”规划《纲要（草案）》落实这一部署，在推动全国统一大市场建设方面，以及促进消费领域还有哪些具体的举措值得期待？谢谢。

The recommendations for the 15th Five-Year Plan states that a strong domestic market provides strategic support for Chinese modernization. Could you elaborate on what concrete measures are included in the draft outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan to implement this deployment, particularly in advancing the development of a unified national market and promoting consumption? Thank you.

郑备:

Zheng Bei:

您的这个问题比较综合，请袁达先生来回答。

Your question covers several aspects. I will invite Mr. Yuan Da to answer it.

袁达:

Yuan Da:

谢谢您的提问。强大国内市场是大国经济的优势所在，实践证明也是我们应对各类风险挑战的底气和信心所在。

Thank you for your question. A strong domestic market is a key advantage of a large economy. Practice has shown that it also provides us with confidence and resilience in responding to various risks and challenges.

“十五五”时期，我国发展环境面临深刻复杂变化，战略机遇和风险挑战并存、不确定难预料因素增多。“十五五”规划《纲要（草案）》提出，要建设强大国内市场，实现供需更高水平动态平衡，增强国内大循环内生动力和可靠性。我从供给、内需、循环三个方面作一些介绍。

During the 15th Five-Year Plan period, China's development environment will face profound and complex changes. Strategic opportunities will coexist with risks and challenges, and uncertainties that are difficult to predict will increase. The draft outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan proposes building a strong domestic market, achieving a higher-level dynamic balance between supply and demand, and enhancing the endogenous momentum and reliability of domestic economic circulation. Let me briefly introduce the arrangements from three aspects: supply, domestic demand, and circulation.

一是优化供给结构。围绕“缺的和弱的、传统的和新兴的”，进一步提高供给体系的质量和水平。对于现在“缺的”，要加快攻关突破。全链条推动集成电路、工业母机、高端仪器、基础软件、先进材料、生物制造等重点领域关键核心技术攻关取得决定性突破，提升产业链的自主可控水平。对于现在“弱的”，要加快补齐短板。实施服务业提质扩能行动，深化服务领域改革开放，完善支持政策体系，补强生产性服务业薄弱环节，大力培育“中国服务”品牌。对于“传统的”，要加快优化提升。坚持分业施策，做强做优精品钢材基地、一流石化基地、高端船舶和海洋工程装备基地，推进机械装备等全产业链创新，扩大轻工、纺织等优质产品供给。对于“新兴的”，要加快培育壮大。刚才白司长已经作了一些介绍，我再讲两句话。一个是因地制宜建强新一代信息技术、新能源、机器人、航空航天等战略性新兴产业集群，另一个是推动量子科技、脑机接口、具身智能、6G等未来产业加快发展。

First, optimizing the supply structure. Focusing on the areas that are in shortage, weak, traditional, and emerging, we will further improve the quality and capacity of the supply system. For areas where supply is currently insufficient, we will accelerate breakthroughs in key technologies. Efforts will be made across the entire innovation chain to achieve decisive breakthroughs in key and core technologies in priority fields such as integrated circuits, industrial machine tools, high-end instruments, basic software, advanced materials, and bio-manufacturing, thereby enhancing the self-reliance and controllability of industrial chains. For the areas where we need improvement, we will move at increased speed to address all shortcomings. We will implement initiatives to improve quality and expand capacity in the service sector, deepen reform and opening-up in services, improve the supporting policy system, strengthen weak links in producer services, and vigorously foster the "China Services" brand. For traditional industries, we will accelerate upgrading and optimization. Following sector-specific approaches, we will develop high-quality steel bases, world-class petrochemical bases, and high-end shipbuilding and marine engineering equipment bases. This will in turn promote innovation across the entire industrial chain of machinery and equipment, whilst expanding the supply of quality products in sectors such as light industry and textiles. For emerging industries, we will accelerate their cultivation and expansion. As Mr. Bai has already introduced this earlier, I will just add two points. The first is to develop stronger strategic emerging industry clusters in areas such as next-generation information technology, new energy, robotics, and aerospace, all of which are in line with local conditions. The other is to promote faster development of future industries, including quantum technology, brain-computer interfaces, embodied intelligence, and 6G.

二是扩大国内需求。坚持“三个结合”，不断巩固增强超大规模市场优势。第一个结合，就是坚持存量政策和增量政策相结合。深入实施提振消费专项行动，提升“两重”建设、“两新”政策、新型政策性金融工具等存量政策的实施效能。同时，加快实施财政金融协同促内需一揽子政策等增量措施，发挥政策“组合拳”效应。第二个结合，就是坚持惠民生和促消费紧密结合，制定实施城乡居民增收计划，稳步提高最低工资标准，增加政府资金用于民生保障支出；同时，推动商品消费扩容升级，释放服务消费潜力。第三个结合，就是坚持投资于物与投资于人紧密结合，优化政府投资结构，提高民生类政府投资比重；激发民间投资活力，推动新兴领域应用场景向民营企业开放，平等保障要素需求。

Second, we will boost domestic demand. We will adhere to the "three integrations" and continuously consolidate and enhance the strength of China's enormous market. Firstly, we will continue to integrate adopted and new policies. We will deeply implement special actions to boost consumption and improve the effectiveness of adopted policies, including the implementation of major national strategies and security capacity building in key areas, a new round of large-scale equipment upgrades and consumer goods trade-in programs, and new policy-backed financial tools. At the same time, we will speed up the implementation of new measures, such as a package of fiscal and financial coordination policies to promote domestic demand, and fully leverage the synergy of these policies. Secondly, we will continue to closely integrate improving people's living standards and promoting consumption. We will formulate and implement an income growth plan for both urban and rural residents, steadily raise the minimum wage standard, and increase government funds for promoting public well-being. At the same time, we will promote the expansion and upgrading of commodity consumption and release the potential of service consumption. Thirdly, we will continue to closely integrate investment in physical assets and people. We will optimize the government investment structure, and increase the proportion of livelihood-related government investment. We will stimulate the vitality of private investment, promote the opening of application scenarios in emerging fields to private enterprises, and equally ensure the demand for factors.

三是畅通国内大循环。着重“完善规则、维护秩序、优化设施”，加快推动全国统一大市场建设。完善规则，重点是完善市场基础制度规则。推进产权保护、市场准入、信息披露、社会信用、兼并重组、市场退出等制度建设，完善有利于统一大市场建设的统计、财税、考核制度。维护秩序，重点是维护公平竞争市场秩序，推动市场监管规则完善、基准统一、能力提升，规范地方政府经济促进行为，制定地方政府招商引资鼓励和禁止事项清单，强化反垄断和反不正当竞争执法司法。优化设施，重点是建设高标准联通的市场设施。推动流通物流、市场信息、交易平台等设施互联互通和规则衔接，健全高效顺畅的现代流通体系，降低全社会物流成本。谢谢。

Third, we will strengthen the domestic economy. Focusing on the principle of "improving rules, maintaining order and optimizing facilities," we will accelerate the formation of a unified national market. We will improve rules, with a focus on improving the basic market institutional rules. We will promote the construction of systems such as those for property rights protection, market access, information disclosure, social credit, mergers and reorganizations, and market exit, and also improve statistics, fiscal and taxation, and evaluation systems that are conducive to building a unified market. We will maintain order, with a focus on maintaining fair competition market order, promote the improvement of market supervision rules, unification of benchmarks and enhancement of capabilities, regulate the economic promotion behavior of local governments, formulate lists of encouragements and prohibitions for local government investment promotion, and strengthen anti-monopoly and anti-unfair competition law enforcement and judiciary. We will optimize facilities, with a focus on building high-standard interconnected market facilities. We will promote the connectivity and rule alignment of distribution and logistics, market information, trading platforms and other facilities, improve the efficient and smooth modern distribution system, and reduce logistics costs for the whole of society. Thank you.

上游新闻记者:

Shangyou News:

我比较关注构建现代化基础设施体系方面的内容。规划《纲要（草案）》围绕国家综合立体交通网、新型能源体系、新型基础设施等提出了23项工程，请问如何明确未来五年现代化基础设施的发展方向？交通、能源、水利和新型基础设施等领域的重点任务有哪些？谢谢。

My question is regarding the content related to developing a modern infrastructure system. The draft plan proposes 23 projects targeting a national comprehensive and multidimensional transportation network, a new type of energy system, and new types of infrastructure. How can we understand the direction of modern infrastructure development over the next five years? What are the key tasks in the fields of transportation, energy, water conservancy and new infrastructure? Thank you.

郑备:

Zheng Bei:

构建现代化基础设施体系，是规划《纲要》的重要战略任务之一。这个问题我想请规划司司长陈雷女士来回答。

Building a modern infrastructure system is an important strategic task in the plan. I would like to invite Ms. Chen to answer this question.

陈雷:

Chen Lei:

感谢您的提问。基础设施是经济社会发展的重要支撑。落实党中央《建议》要求，“十五五”规划《纲要（草案）》对“构建现代化基础设施体系”进行了专章阐述，既包括交通、水利、能源等基础设施，也包括重大科技基础设施、信息通信网络、算力网等新型基础设施。总的方向是加强统筹规划、优化布局结构、促进集成融合，同时提升安全韧性和运营可持续性。分领域看：

Thank you for your questions. Infrastructure is an important support for economic and social development. In order to implement the requirements of the Proposals from the CPC Central Committee, the draft 15th Five-Year Plan includes a chapter dedicated to building a modern infrastructure system, covering not only transportation, water conservancy and energy infrastructure, but also major science and technology infrastructure, information and communication networks, and computing power networks as new types of infrastructure. The general direction is to better coordinate the plan to improve its layout and structure, drive integrated development, and ensure that infrastructure is safe, resilient and sustainable. Looking at it by field:

在交通方面。“十五五”时期，将完善现代化综合交通运输体系，基本建成“八纵八横”高速铁路主通道和国家高速公路网，推进内河高等级航道提质升级，基本建成世界级港口群和机场群，将实施贯通高标准沿江高铁通道、建设三峡水运新通道、推进公路安全韧性提升等一批重大工程项目。同时，强化薄弱地区覆盖和通达保障，推进交通基础设施更新改造和养护管理。

In terms of transportation, during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, we will improve the modern comprehensive transportation system, basically complete the "eight vertical and eight horizontal" corridors for high-speed railway and the national expressway network, advance the quality and upgrading of high-grade inland waterways, basically complete world-class port clusters and airport clusters, and implement a number of major projects such as opening high-standard high-speed railway corridors along the Yangtze River, building a new Three Gorges shipping channel, and improving highway safety resilience. At the same time, we will strengthen coverage and access guarantees in weak areas, and promote the renewal, renovation and maintenance of transportation infrastructure.

在能源方面。将围绕构建清洁低碳安全高效的新型能源体系，坚持风光水核等多能并举，实施非化石能源十年倍增行动，推进非化石能源安全可靠有序替代化石能源。“十五五”时期，通过实施雅下水电、“沙戈荒”新能源基地、电力外送通道等一批重大工程项目，西电东送能力将达到4.2亿千瓦以上，2030年非化石能源占能源消费总量比重将达到25%。

In terms of energy, we will focus on building a new energy system that is clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient; pursue the simultaneous development of wind, solar, hydro and nuclear energy; and implement a decade-long campaign to double the share of non-fossil energy, promoting the safe, reliable and orderly replacement of fossil fuels. During the 15th Five-Year Plan period, major projects will be implemented, including a hydropower project on the lower reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River, new energy bases in desert areas, the Gobi, and other arid areas, and new electricity transmission channels. Together, these will push west-to-east power transmission capacity to more than 420 million kilowatts. By 2030, non-fossil energy will account for 25% of total energy consumption.

在水利方面。近年来，国家水网主骨架和大动脉逐步完善。“十五五”时期，将围绕现代化水网建设，在江河治理、防洪水库、重大引调水、大中型灌区建设改造等方面加快论证实施一批重大工程项目，增强洪涝灾害防御、水资源统筹调配和城乡供水保障能力。

In terms of water conservancy, the primary framework and key arteries of the national water network have been gradually taking shape in recent years. During the 15th Five-Year Plan period, efforts will focus on building a modern water infrastructure network. Major projects will be assessed and rolled out across river management, flood control reservoirs, large-scale water diversion schemes, and the construction and upgrading of large and medium-sized irrigation areas. These efforts will strengthen China's capacity to defend against flood disasters, coordinate water resource allocation, and ensure a reliable water supply for both urban and rural areas.

在新型基础设施方面。将加强统筹推进和集约高效利用，体系化布局建设一批战略导向型、应用支撑型、前瞻引领型重大科技基础设施，推进万兆光网部署应用和5G－A移动通信网络规模商用，构建全国一体化算力网，统筹建设卫星通信、导航、遥感系统，以场景拓展为牵引建设低空基础设施，从而为“十五五”乃至更长时期的产业升级和数智化发展提供坚实支撑。谢谢。

In terms of new infrastructure, we will strengthen coordinated efforts to advance construction and ensure more intensive and efficient use. We will systematically plan and deploy major sci-tech infrastructure that is strategically oriented, application-supported and forward-looking. We will promote the deployment and application of 10-gigabit optical networks and the large-scale commercial use of 5G-A mobile communication networks. We will build a national integrated computing network and coordinate the construction of satellite communication, navigation and remote sensing systems. We will also develop low-altitude infrastructure guided by expanding real-world use cases, thereby providing solid support for industrial upgrading, and digital and intelligent development during the 15th Five-Year Plan period and beyond. Thank you.

顶端新闻记者:

Top News:

我们注意到，“十五五”规划《纲要（草案）》提出了引领新质生产力发展的多项重大工程，而科技创新和产业创新的深度融合正是其中的关键着力点。请问在这方面有何部署和安排？谢谢。

We have noticed that the draft outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan proposes a number of major projects aimed at driving the development of new quality productive forces, with the full integration between technological and industrial innovation as a key focus. What plans and arrangements are there in this regard? Thank you.

郑备:

Zheng Bei:

这个问题我想请我的同事白京羽先生来回答。

I would like to invite my colleague, Mr. Bai, to answer this question.

白京羽:

Bai Jingyu:

谢谢您的提问。推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合是党中央《建议》作出的重要部署，是培育和发展新质生产力的基本路径。这里，我从科技创新和产业创新深度融合的“基础、关键、途径”3个方面，对《纲要（草案）》相关内容作一概要介绍。

Thank you for your question. Promoting the full integration between technological and industrial innovation is a key priority set out in the CPC Central Committee's recommendations and a fundamental path for cultivating and developing new quality productive forces. I will now provide a brief overview of the related content in the draft outline from three angles: the foundation, the key and the pathway for the full integration between technological and industrial innovation.

一是增加高质量科技供给，牢牢抓住深度融合的基础。科技布局上，瞄准世界科技前沿，加强基础研究战略性、前瞻性、体系化布局，超前部署面向2035年的国家重大科技专项，产出更多标志性的原创成果。能力建设上，统筹国家实验室、国家科研机构、高水平研究型大学、科技领军企业等国家战略科技力量布局，促进各类创新主体和要素协同联动，提高体系化创新能力。供需匹配上，聚焦战略必争领域和产业链供应链薄弱环节，全链条推动重点领域关键核心技术攻关，打造自主可控、安全可靠、竞争力强的现代化产业体系。

First, we will consolidate the foundation for full integration by expanding the availability of high-quality scientific and technological outputs. In terms of planning, we will target the global frontiers of scientific and technological development, and strengthen the strategic, forward-looking and systematic layout of basic research. We will proactively deploy major national science and technology projects oriented toward 2035 to produce more landmark original achievements. On the capacity-building front, we will coordinate the layout of the country's strategic scientific and technological resources, including national laboratories, national research institutions, top-tier research universities, and leading scientific and technological enterprises. We will also promote interaction and coordination among various innovation entities and resources to improve system-wide innovation capacity. On the supply-demand side, we will focus on strategically critical areas and weak links in industrial and supply chains, and drive decisive breakthroughs in core technologies across entire chains in key fields. The goal is to build a modern industrial system that is self-supporting and risk-resilient, secure and reliable, and highly competitive.

二是强化企业科技创新主体地位，牢牢抓住深度融合的关键。支持企业担当科技创新的“出题者”，提高企业在国家重大科技创新决策中的参与度，将企业关键共性技术需求作为国家科技计划支持的重要方向。支持企业担当创新活动的“组织者”，鼓励企业承担更多国家科技攻关任务，鼓励企业与高校、科研院所联合开展科技攻关。支持企业担当成果产出的“阅卷人”，将企业评价作为科技项目验收的重要依据，真正做到“谁使用、谁评价”。

Second, we will reinforce the principal role of enterprises in technological innovation, which is the key to achieving full integration. We will support enterprises in taking the lead in setting the agenda for scientific and technological innovation, increasing their participation in major national technological innovation decision-making, and designating their needs for the key generic technologies as a priority direction for national scientific and technological program funding. We will support enterprises in taking on the role of orchestrators of innovation activities, urge them to play a greater role in major national science and technology programs, and encourage them to carry out joint scientific and technological research with universities and research institutes. We will support enterprises in serving as the evaluators of research outcomes, make enterprise assessments an important basis for the acceptance review of scientific and technological projects, and ensure that those who apply the results are the ones who assess them.

三是促进科技成果转化应用，牢牢抓住深度融合的途径。建机制方面，通过深化职务科技成果赋权改革、建立职务科技成果资产单列管理制度等措施，优化有利于成果转化的制度环境。搭平台方面，推进技术转移和科技服务体系建设，统筹科技创新平台基地建设，布局共性技术平台、中试验证平台，做强科技成果转化的桥梁和纽带。给政策方面，加强普惠性政策供给，引导高校、科研院所按照先使用后付费的方式把科技创新成果许可给中小微企业使用。构建同科技创新相适应的科技金融体制，完善资本投早、投小、投长期、投硬科技的支持政策。育人才方面，一体推进教育科技人才发展，围绕科技创新、产业发展和国家战略需求协同育人，促进科技自主创新和人才自主培养良性互动。谢谢。

Third, we will promote better application of scientific and technological advances to open pathways for full integration. On the institutional front, we will optimize the environment for application of scientific and technological advances by establishing a system to place scientific and technological outputs produced on the job under separate management and deepening reforms to grant researchers corresponding rights over these outputs. In terms of building platforms, we will advance the development of technology transfer and scientific and technological service systems, and coordinate efforts to build platforms and bases for scientific and technological innovation. We will also establish generic technology platforms and pilot-scale testing platforms to serve as a stronger bridge for the application of scientific and technological advances. In terms of policy support, we will increase the provision of inclusive policies. We will also guide higher education institutions and research institutes in authorizing the use of their proprietary scientific and technological advances by micro, small, and medium enterprises on a "use first, pay later" basis. We will develop a financial system for scientific and technological innovation, and refine policies for supporting the investment in projects at the early stages, in small enterprises, over long time horizons, and in advanced and core technologies. In terms of cultivating talent, we will advance the integrated development of education, science, technology and human resources. Orienting talent cultivation toward technological innovation, industrial development, and national strategic needs, we will foster positive interplay between indigenous technological innovation and the training of homegrown talent. Thank you.

香港经济导报记者:

Economic Herald:

我们注意到，2025年我国海洋经济规模突破10万亿元，“十五五”规划《纲要（草案）》提出要“推动海洋经济高质量发展”，请问如何看待这一部署？后续将如何推进落实？谢谢。

We have noticed that China's marine economy surpassed 10 trillion yuan in 2025. The draft outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan proposes promoting the high-quality development of the marine economy. How do you view this arrangement? How will this be implemented going forward? Thank you.

郑备:

Zheng Bei:

这个问题我想请袁达先生来回答。

I would like to invite Mr. Yuan to answer this question.

袁达:

Yuan Da:

谢谢您的提问。我国既是陆地大国，也是海洋大国，拥有约1.8万公里的大陆海岸线、约300万平方公里的海域面积，加强海洋的开发利用保护、推动海洋经济高质量发展是优化国土空间发展格局、促进区域协调发展的重要支撑。

Thank you for your questions. As both a major land country and a major maritime country, China boasts a mainland coastline of about 18,000 kilometers and a sea area of nearly 3 million square kilometers. Strengthening the development, utilization, and protection of marine resources, and promoting the high-quality development of the marine economy are key priorities. Both provide important support for optimizing the national land spatial development pattern and advancing coordinated regional development.

“十五五”规划《纲要（草案）》单独设一章部署，提出“提高经略海洋能力，加快建设海洋强国，走出一条具有中国特色的向海图强之路”。从部署任务看，突出“五个更加注重”。

A separate chapter is dedicated to this initiative in the draft outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan, which calls for increasing the capacity for sea management, stepping up efforts to build china into a strong maritime country, and forging a Chinese path of leveraging marine resources to achieve strength. In terms of the tasks laid out, the plan places emphasis on five key priorities.

第一，更加注重创新驱动，加快海洋科技高水平自立自强。强化海洋战略科技力量，加快突破一批关键核心技术和装备，打造更多“国之重器”。完善海洋科技创新生态，促进海洋领域数字化智能化转型，推进海洋教育科技人才发展。

First, we will place greater emphasis on innovation-driven development to advance high-level self-reliance and strength in marine science and technology. We will strengthen the strategic sci-tech forces in the marine sector, make more breakthroughs in key core technologies and equipment, and create more national heavyweights. We will improve the marine sci-tech innovation ecosystem, promote digital and intelligent transformation in the marine sector, and promote the development of marine education, science and technology, and talent.

第二，更加注重高效协同，优化海洋经济发展布局。坚持陆海统筹，打造海洋经济发展示范区、现代海洋城市等动力引擎，鼓励沿海地区与内陆地区加强海洋经济合作，积极推进海域分层立体利用，分类有序推进海岛发展，健全深海极地考察支撑保障体系。

Second, we will place greater emphasis on efficient coordination to optimize the layout of marine economic development. We will promote coordinated land-sea development planning and build marine economic development demonstration zones and modern marine cities as growth engines. We will also encourage coastal and inland regions to strengthen cooperation in the marine economy, actively promote the three-dimensional utilization of sea areas, and advance island development in a categorized and orderly manner. In addition, we will improve the support and guarantee system for deep-sea and polar exploration.

第三，更加注重产业更新，做强做优做大海洋产业。我国船舶与海洋工程装备、海洋渔业、海上风电等产业规模全球第一，我们将进一步巩固提升海洋装备制造业优势，培育壮大海洋生物医药等新兴产业，提高现代航运、海洋旅游等服务业发展水平，加快推进海洋能源资源高效利用。

Third, we will place greater emphasis on industrial upgrading to strengthen, optimize and expand the marine industry. China ranks first in the world in shipbuilding and ocean engineering equipment, marine fisheries, and offshore wind power. We will further consolidate and enhance the advantages of the marine equipment manufacturing industry, while fostering and expanding emerging industries such as marine biomedicine. We will also raise the development level of modern shipping, marine tourism and other service industries, and accelerate the efficient utilization of marine energy and resources.

第四，更加注重人海和谐，全面改善海洋生态环境质量。实施新一轮海洋综合调查，推进重点海域污染防治、岸滩整治和保护修复，严格围填海管控，强化海洋垃圾清理和资源化利用，提升海洋生态系统稳定性。

Fourth, we will place greater emphasis on harmony between humans and the sea to comprehensively improve the quality of the marine ecological environment. We will carry out a new round of comprehensive marine surveys, advance pollution prevention and control in key sea areas, and push forward shoreline improvement, ecological protection and restoration efforts. We will also strictly control land reclamation from the sea, strengthen the cleanup and resource utilization of marine waste, and enhance the stability of marine ecosystems.

第五，更加注重合作共赢，坚决维护海洋安全和海洋权益。积极推动构建海洋命运共同体，主动参与国际海洋治理规则制定，加强海洋科研调查、防灾减灾、蓝色经济等领域国际合作，加强风险防范和法理斗争，健全维护海洋权益的体制机制。谢谢。

Fifth, we will place greater emphasis on win-win cooperation to firmly safeguard maritime security and maritime rights and interests. We will actively promote the building of a maritime community with a shared future and play an active role in shaping international rules on ocean governance. We will also deepen international cooperation in marine scientific research and surveys, disaster prevention and mitigation, and the blue economy. In addition, we will strengthen risk prevention and legal efforts and improve the systems and mechanisms for safeguarding our maritime rights and interests. Thank you.

新华社新华财经记者:

Xinhua Finance:

“十五五”规划《纲要（草案）》明确了未来五年的发展方向。请问有哪些抓手来保障各项任务举措有效落实、顺利实现目标指标？我们还注意到，本次全国人代会在审议国家发展规划法草案，请问这对于保障“十五五”规划《纲要》落地实施将发挥什么作用？谢谢。

The draft outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan sets out the direction of development for the next five years. What measures and mechanisms will be put in place to ensure the effective implementation of all tasks and initiatives and the successful achievement of goals and targets? We have also noted that the current NPC is reviewing the draft National Development Planning Law. What role will this play in ensuring the implementation of the outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan? Thank you.

郑备:

Zheng Bei:

谢谢您的提问，这个问题我来回答。3月5日，习近平总书记在参加江苏团审议时强调，“做好规划还要推动执行。好规划和执行力，这两条要结合起来。”今年人代会审查批准“十五五”规划《纲要》后，将按照党中央和国务院部署，进一步健全规划实施全周期推进机制，以钉钉子精神抓好规划落地实施，重点突出“四个强化”来抓落实。

Thanks for your questions. I will answer them. On March 5, while joining deliberations with his fellow deputies from the Jiangsu delegation, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that formulating plans must be accompanied by implementation. Sound planning and strong implementation must go hand in hand. After this year's NPC reviews and approves the outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan, we will, in accordance with the arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, further strengthen the full-cycle mechanism for plan implementation and push forward with a nail-driving spirit. We will focus on four key areas to ensure effective delivery.

一是强化规划体系建设抓落实。围绕落实“十五五”规划目标任务，牢固树立和践行正确政绩观，清单化编制实施国家级专项规划和区域实施方案，对规划《纲要》在科技创新、数字中国、农业农村现代化、基本公共服务均等化、美丽中国等领域的重点任务进行延伸细化，对区域战略任务进行专门部署。同时，加强各级各类规划的统筹衔接，精简数量、提高质量，确保重大产业发展、重大基础设施建设等符合国家战略布局。

First, we will strengthen the planning system to ensure effective implementation. To achieve the goals and tasks set out in the 15th Five-Year Plan, we will firmly establish and apply a correct approach to evaluating governmental performance. National special plans and regional implementation schemes will be developed and managed through a checklist approach. Key tasks in the outline will be further detailed and extended across areas, including technological innovation, Digital China, agricultural and rural modernization, equal access to basic public services, and Beautiful China. We will also make special arrangements for regional strategic priorities. At the same time, we will strengthen coordination across plans at all levels and categories, reducing their number while raising their quality, to ensure that major industrial development and key infrastructure projects align with the national strategic layout.

二是强化年度计划与政策协同抓落实。做好年度计划对规划《纲要》实施的滚动支撑，确保规划目标指标、任务举措在年度计划中落细落实落到位。同时，健全规划实施政策协同机制，对规划确定的重大战略任务、重大政策举措和重大工程项目，强化财政预算、政府投资、土地供应等公共资源的支撑保障。

Second, we will strengthen implementation through annual plans and policy coordination. We will ensure the annual plans provide continuous support for the implementation of the outline by translating its objectives, targets, tasks and measures into detailed, concrete and actionable steps in annual plans. We will also refine the mechanism for coordinating policies to better implement the plan. This includes strengthening the provision and guarantee of public resources — including fiscal budgets, government investment and land supply — to support major strategic tasks, policy measures and projects defined in the plan.

三是强化监测评估抓落实。加强规划实施的动态监测、中期评估和总结评估，密切关注形势变化和实施进度，定期检视主要目标指标特别是约束性指标完成情况、重点任务和重大工程项目进展情况，及时加强和改进规划实施，确保如期实现各项目标任务。

Third, we will strengthen implementation through monitoring and evaluation. We will strengthen dynamic monitoring, midterm evaluation, and final assessment of planning implementation, keeping a close watch on changing circumstances and progress. We will regularly review the completion status of key goals and indicators, particularly binding targets, alongside the progress of priority tasks and major projects. Where gaps emerge, we will move quickly to strengthen and improve implementation, ensuring all goals and tasks are met on schedule.

四是强化法治保障抓落实。在制定实施五年规划的长期实践中，坚持规划法定原则是其中一条宝贵经验。如您所说，今年人代会同步审议国家发展规划法，这是具有里程碑意义的一件大事。这部法律凝练了我们党在社会主义市场经济条件下，用中长期规划指导经济社会发展的有效做法。国家发展规划法的出台施行，将通过法律形式明确规划实施责任和具体安排，保障国家发展规划工作在法治轨道上顺利推进。

Fourth, we will ensure implementation by strengthening the rule of law. Through decades of formulating and implementing five-year plans, upholding the principle of planning by law has proven to be one of the most valuable lessons learned. As you said, this year's NPC is currently reviewing the National Development Planning Law, which is a milestone event. This law codifies our Party's proven practices in using medium- to long-term planning to guide economic and social development under socialist market economy conditions. The enactment and implementation of the National Development Planning Law will, through legal means, clarify the responsibilities and specific arrangements for plan implementation, ensuring that national development planning proceeds smoothly along the path of the rule of law.

蓝图已绘就，奋进正当时。我们相信，在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，经过各方面共同努力，“十五五”规划《纲要》将有效实施，未来五年经济社会发展将实现新的跃升，事关全局的战略任务将取得重大突破，为基本实现社会主义现代化奠定更加坚实的基础，向人民交上一份满意答卷。谢谢。

The blueprint has been drawn, and now is the time to forge ahead. We believe that, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, and through the concerted efforts of all sides, the draft outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan will be effectively implemented. Over the next five years, we will reach new heights in economic and social development, make major breakthroughs in strategic tasks of overarching importance, and lay a more solid foundation for basically realizing socialist modernization, delivering a result people can be proud of. Thank you.

南方日报南方+记者:

Nanfang Daily, Nanfang Plus:

“一老一小”关乎民生福祉，牵动亿万家庭，备受社会的关注。能否介绍一下“十五五”规划《纲要（草案）》在这方面有哪些政策举措考虑？谢谢。

The welfare of the elderly and children affects people's livelihoods and well-being, touching the lives of hundreds of millions of families and therefore drawing significant public attention. Could you share what policy measures the draft outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan contains in this regard? Thank you.

郑备:

Zheng Bei:

“一老一小”确实是很多家庭都关注的重大问题，这个问题我想请社会司司长刘德春先生来回答。

The welfare of the elderly and children is indeed a major concern for many families. I'll hand over to Mr. Liu to respond.

刘德春:

Liu Dechun:

谢谢您的提问。习近平总书记指出，“老”是我们的财富，“小”是我们的未来。“一老一小”服务是广大群众非常关心的现实问题，也是“十五五”时期投资于人的重点领域。“十五五”规划《纲要（草案）》专门用两章来阐述积极应对人口老龄化和建设生育友好型社会。刚才，郑备副主任对“一老一小”服务的目标作了介绍，这里我介绍一下具体的任务举措。

Thank you for your question. General Secretary Xi Jinping has noted that the elderly are our treasure and children are our future. Services for the elderly and children are a practical issue of great public concern, and a key area for investment in people during the 15th Five-Year Plan period. The draft outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan devotes two dedicated chapters to actively addressing population aging and building a childbirth-friendly society. Mr. Zheng has just outlined the goals for elderly and child services. I will now walk us through the specific tasks and measures.

积极应对人口老龄化方面。一是保障老有所养，健全基本养老保险待遇确定和调整机制，逐步提高城乡居民基础养老金，推进长期护理保险，发展社区嵌入式养老服务、家庭养老床位和互助性养老，改造升级2000个公办养老机构，养老机构护理型床位占比达到73%。二是支持老有所为，加强公共设施适老化改造，拓展适合老年人的多样化就业岗位，优化就业、社保等方面的年龄限制，深入开展“银龄行动”，为老年人社会参与创造更好条件。三是促进老有所乐，强化老年人优待和权益保障，培育壮大银发经济，提供更加丰富的适老化产品和服务，发展老年大学，满足老年人精神文化需求，进一步提升老年人的获得感、幸福感。

In terms of actively addressing population aging, we have the following: The first priority is ensuring dignified care for the elderly in their later years. We will improve the mechanism for determining and adjusting basic pension insurance benefits, gradually raise the basic pension for urban and rural residents, and advance the development of long-term care insurance. We will also develop community-embedded elderly care services, home-based care beds, and mutual-aid care models. At the same time, we will renovate and upgrade 2,000 public elderly care facilities, raising the share of nursing-type beds to 73%. Second, we will support the elderly in continuing to contribute to society. We will strengthen the age-friendly renovations of public facilities, create diverse employment opportunities suitable to older workers, optimize age limits in employment and social security, and carry out the "Silver Age Action" initiative to create better conditions for elderly participation in social activities. Third, we will help the elderly to enjoy their later years to the fullest. We will strengthen preferential treatment and rights protection for the elderly, foster and grow the silver economy, expand the range of age-friendly products and services, and develop seniors universities to meet their cultural and intellectual needs, further enhancing their sense of fulfillment and well-being.

建设生育友好型社会方面。一是加强生育保障，扩大生育保险制度覆盖面，合理提升产前检查医疗费用保障水平，规范有序推进辅助生殖技术应用，全面落实生育休假制度，为生育家庭提供更好的基础保障。二是完善托育服务，支持幼儿园发展托幼一体化服务，加强公办托位供给，支持社会力量提供多元化普惠托育服务，实现地市级托育综合服务中心全覆盖，推动3岁以下婴幼儿入托率提高6个百分点，使普惠托育服务更加方便可及。三是减轻养育负担，发挥个人所得税专项附加扣除等政策作用，探索建立育儿补贴动态调整机制，完善家庭发展政策，在就学、住房等方面加大对多子女家庭的支持力度，有效降低家庭生育养育教育成本。

In terms of building a childbirth-friendly society, the draft outline sets out the following measures: First, we will strengthen maternity support. We will expand coverage of the maternity insurance system, raise the level of medical expense reimbursement for prenatal check-ups, regulate and promote the orderly application of assisted reproductive technology, and fully implement the maternity leave system. These efforts will provide better basic protection for families with newborns. Second, we will improve child care services. We will support kindergartens in developing integrated child care and preschool services, increase the supply of public child care slots, and encourage non-governmental providers to offer diverse and affordable child care services. We will also achieve full coverage of city-level comprehensive child care service centers and raise the enrollment rate of infants under 3 years old by 6 percentage points, making public-interest child care services more accessible and convenient. Third, we will reduce the burden of child-rearing. We will leverage policies such as special additional deductions for personal income tax, explore establishing a dynamic adjustment mechanism for child care subsidies, and improve family development policies. We will also increase support for multi-child families in education, housing and other areas, effectively reducing the costs of childbirth, child-rearing and education.

此外，规划《纲要（草案）》还设置“‘一老一小’服务优化提升”专栏，明确了养老机构、社区养老、医养结合、普惠托育、生育医疗服务等5项工程建设任务，统筹“硬投资”和“软建设”，优化提升养老育幼服务能力，更好造福亿万家庭、呵护“一老一小”。谢谢。

In addition, the draft outline dedicates a full section to optimizing and upgrading elderly and child services, setting out five key priority areas: elderly care institutions, community-based elderly care, the integration of medical care and elderly care, public-interest child care, and maternity medical services. By coordinating hard investment and soft development, we will optimize and upgrade capacity for elderly care and child care services, better serving hundreds of millions of families and caring for both the elderly and children. Thank you.

周建设:

Zhou Jianshe:

谢谢5位发布人的详细解读，谢谢各位记者朋友，今天的吹风会就到这里，大家再见。

Thank you to all speakers and journalists. Today's press conference is hereby concluded. Goodbye, everyone.