国务院新闻办新闻局局长、新闻发言人寿小丽:

Shou Xiaoli:

女士们、先生们，大家上午好！欢迎出席国务院新闻办吹风会。今天我们邀请到《政府工作报告》起草组负责人、国务院研究室主任沈丹阳先生，《政府工作报告》起草组成员、国务院研究室副主任陈昌盛先生，请他们为大家解读《政府工作报告》，并回答大家关心的问题。

Ladies and gentlemen, good morning. Welcome to this briefing held by the State Council Information Office (SCIO). Today we have invited Mr. Shen Danyang, head of the government work report drafting team and director of the State Council Research Office, and Mr. Chen Changsheng, member of the government work report drafting team and deputy director of the State Council Research Office, to introduce the Report on the Work of the Government and answer your questions.

下面，我们首先请沈丹阳先生作介绍。

Now, I'll give the floor to Mr. Shen for his introduction.

《政府工作报告》起草组负责人、国务院研究室主任沈丹阳:

Shen Danyang:

各位记者朋友，大家上午好！很高兴再次跟大家在这里见面，介绍《政府工作报告》的起草情况。首先，感谢大家对《政府工作报告》和政府工作的关注和宣传报道，感谢大家对国务院研究室工作的支持！

Good morning, everyone. I am very pleased to meet with you again to introduce the drafting of the Report on the Work of the Government. First of all, thank you for your interest in and coverage of the report and the government's work, as well as for your support for the work of the Research Office of the State Council.

党中央、国务院高度重视《政府工作报告》起草工作，习近平总书记先后主持召开中央政治局常委会会议、中央政治局会议审议报告，多次作出重要指示，为起草工作提供了根本遵循。李强总理亲自主持《报告》的起草工作，先后主持召开国务院常务会议、国务院全体会议对《报告》进行研究讨论，要求全面贯彻党中央决策部署，认真细化落实举措。国务院其他领导同志也对《报告》的起草和修改工作给予了指导。《报告》全面贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想，贯彻党的二十大和二十届历次全会精神，紧紧围绕落实中央经济工作会议部署细化展开，全文分为四个部分，大约有1.9万字。今年的《报告》坚持以推动高质量发展为主题，特别突出开好局、强创新、惠民生、可操作。

The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the State Council attached great importance to the drafting of the Report on the Work of the Government. General Secretary Xi Jinping presided over meetings of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and its standing committee to review the report, and made important instructions on multiple occasions, providing the basic principles for the drafting. Premier Li Qiang personally led the drafting of the report, convening executive meetings and plenary meetings of the State Council to study and discuss the report, requiring the comprehensive implementation of the decisions and deployments of the CPC Central Committee, and carefully refining the measures needed to put them into effect. Other leading officials of the State Council also provided instructions on the drafting and revisions of the report. The report fully implements Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and the guiding principles of the 20th CPC National Congress and the sessions of the 20th CPC Central Committee, closely focusing on refining and implementing the deployments of the Central Economic Work Conference. It is divided into four parts, totaling about 19,000 Chinese characters. This year's report focuses on promoting high-quality development, with an emphasis on ensuring a strong start, enhancing innovation, improving people's livelihoods and ensuring practical implementation.

一是突出为“十五五”开好局。今年是全面贯彻党的二十届四中全会精神、实施“十五五”规划的开局之年，也是本届政府承上启下的关键一年，《报告》在体例、内容和任务举措上都注重做好衔接。回顾工作时既总结过去一年的工作也概述“十四五”的成绩；介绍“十五五”目标任务时，重点让社会清晰了解今后五年有望达到什么样的发展水平、安排了哪些工作抓手。“十五五”的很多安排都体现在今年的重点任务中。

First, ensuring a good start to the 15th Five-Year Plan period (2026-2030). This year marks the first year for fully implementing the guiding principles of the fourth plenary session of the 20th CPC Central Committee and the launch of the 15th Five-Year Plan. It is also a crucial year for the government to bridge past and future efforts. As such, the report emphasizes coherence in structure, content and tasks. In reviewing past work, the report summarizes the previous year's work and outlines the achievements of the 14th Five-Year Plan period (2021-2025). In introducing the goals and tasks of the 15th Five-Year Plan period, it provides the public with a clearly understanding of the expected level of development in the next five years and the key measures that will be implemented. Many aspects of the 15th Five-Year Plan have already been integrated into this year's key tasks.

二是突出改革创新。《报告》深入贯彻党的二十届三中全会改革部署，提出重点领域的多项改革，比如制定全国统一大市场建设条例、零基预算改革、分类推进高校改革等等。《报告》在加紧培育壮大新动能、加快高水平科技自立自强等方面提出很多创新举措，比如打造智能经济新形态、扩能提质服务业、加强原始创新和关键核心技术攻关等等。“改革”和“创新”这两个词在全文中共出现了75次，是今年《报告》的高频词。

Second, emphasizing reform and innovation. The report thoroughly implements the reform deployments of the third plenary session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, proposing multiple reforms in key areas. These include the formulation of regulations for a unified national market, zero-based budgeting reform, and a categorized approach to promoting university reforms. The report proposes many innovative measures to accelerate the development and expansion of new drivers of growth and to accelerate high-level self-reliance and strength in science and technology. These include creating new forms of intelligent economy, enhancing the quality and capacity of the service sector, promoting advances in original innovation and breakthroughs in core technologies. The terms "reform" and "innovation" appear 75 times throughout the document, reflecting their high priority.

三是突出民生为大。这是近年来《报告》的鲜明特点。今年的《报告》把保障和改善民生摆在更加重要的位置，提出的举措更加聚焦群众关切，比如强调财政更加注重支持保障民生、制定实施城乡居民增收计划、提高民生类政府投资比重，这些都体现出坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，体现出坚持为老百姓多办实事、多办好事，让群众有更多实实在在获得感的政府工作导向。

Third, prioritizing people's well-being. This has been a distinctive feature of the report in recent years. This year's report gives even greater prominence to safeguarding and improving public wellbeing. Proposed measures are more closely aligned with public concerns, such as emphasizing increased financial support for livelihoods, the formulation and implementation of plans for increasing incomes of urban and rural residents, and raising the proportion of government investment in public welfare projects. These efforts reflect a people-centered development philosophy and the government's commitment to delivering practical benefits, so that the public can have a stronger, tangible sense of gain.

四是突出务实可操作。《报告》部署的主要任务和政策措施，都是经过充分论证后提出的，讲求积极务实、可操作、能落地。比如设立1000亿元财政金融协同促内需专项资金、提高民生补助标准、把常态化帮扶纳入乡村振兴战略统筹实施等。《报告》强调要牢固树立和践行正确政绩观，坚持为人民出政绩、以实干出政绩。

Fourth, highlighting practicality and feasibility. The main tasks and policies outlined in the report have been proposed after thorough consideration, and aim to be proactive, practical, operable and feasible. The measures include establishing special fiscal-financial collaborative funds of 100 billion yuan to stimulate domestic demand, raising standards for public welfare subsidies, and integrating regular assistance into the coordinated implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. The report underscores the importance of making sure that officials have a correct understanding of what it means to perform well and act accordingly, insisting that achievements must be measured by their benefit to the people and through practical efforts.

在起草过程中，高度重视征求和吸纳各方面意见。李强总理亲自主持召开3场座谈会，起草组召开多场专题座谈会、赴地方实地调研，《报告》稿还印送各地区、各部门征求意见，中国政府网联合多家网站征集网民建言，起草组梳理后认真研究，能采纳的尽量采纳。比如网民关注的反“内卷”、平台劳动者权益保障、基层用药等，《报告》中都有积极回应。《报告》稿跟去年一样，尽量做到文字简练好理解，文风朴实接地气。

In the drafting process, great importance was attached to seeking and incorporating suggestions from all sides. Premier Li Qiang personally presided over three symposiums. The drafting team held multiple thematic symposiums and conducted field research in various localities. The draft report was printed and distributed to all regions and departments to solicit feedback. The State Council website, together with many other websites, collected suggestions from netizens. The drafting team carefully analyzed and studied the feedback and adopted suggestions whenever possible. For example, concerns raised by netizens, such as addressing rat race competition, protecting platform workers' rights and interests, and ensuring primary-level medication access, all received positive responses in the report. The draft report, like last year's, strives to be concise and easy to understand, with a plain and down-to-earth writing style.

今天上午，李强总理向十四届全国人大四次会议作《报告》后，从我们初步得到的反馈情况看，各方面反响热烈、评价很高。我和参与《报告》起草的同事们为此都倍感振奋、备受鼓舞。

This morning, after Premier Li Qiang delivered the report to the fourth session of the 14th National People's Congress (NPC), preliminary feedback shows that the response from all quarters has been enthusiastic and highly positive. My colleagues who worked on drafting the report and I are deeply encouraged and inspired by this.

下面，我和我的同事陈昌盛先生愿就《报告》起草情况及相关问题，跟各位记者朋友进行交流。谢谢！

My colleague Mr. Chen and I are now happy to take questions from the media on the drafting process and related topics. Thank you.

寿小丽:

Shou Xiaoli:

谢谢丹阳主任的介绍，下面我们就进入提问环节，提问前还是请通报一下所在的新闻机构。请大家举手提问。

Thank you, Mr. Shen, for your opening remarks. We will now move to the Q&A session. Please identify the media outlet you represent before raising your questions. Please raise your hand to ask a question.

经济日报记者:

Economic Daily:

2025年是很不平凡的一年，也是“十四五”规划的收官之年。《报告》回顾了过去一年的工作，也总结了过去五年的主要成就，请问对于中国经济交出的这份“十四五”时期“成绩单”，应该怎么看？谢谢。

The year 2025 was an extraordinary year and also the concluding year of the 14th Five-Year Plan period. The report reviews the past year's work and summarizes the main achievements of the last five years. How should we view the scorecard China's economy has delivered over the 14th Five-Year Plan period? Thank you.

沈丹阳:

Shen Danyang:

过去一年，中国经济“顶压前行、向新向优”；过去五年，“极不寻常、极不平凡”。

Over the past year, the Chinese economy forged ahead against headwinds, pursuing dynamic, innovation-driven and high-quality development. The past five years were momentous and extraordinary.

“十四五”期间我国所经历的困难挑战，在改革开放40多年的历史中，都是十分少见的。因此，大家常说，过去五年，我们面对的是超乎寻常的冲击挑战。面对这种局面，党中央带领我们沉着应对、坚决斗争，坚定不移办好自己的事，不仅稳住了宏观经济大盘，还推动高质量发展取得新成效。说实在的，我们这么大体量的经济体，在这么多冲击挑战下，还能稳步实现既定的增长目标，还能一路爬坡过坎、发展壮大，各方面普遍认为，这是非常不容易、非常不简单、非常了不起的。

The difficulties and challenges China faced during the 14th Five-Year Plan period were among the most severe in more than 40 years of reform and opening up. This is why people often say that over the past five years, we faced headwinds and challenges of a rarely seen magnitude. In response, the CPC Central Committee led the country to tackle these challenges with calm resolve, staying focused on running our own affairs well. This not only stabilized the broader economy but also drove new achievements in high-quality development. To be honest, for an economy of our size to steadily meet its growth targets and continue to grow stronger amid so many headwinds and challenges is something observers widely regard as no small feat — and genuinely remarkable.

过去五年，党和国家事业取得新的重大成就，我国经济实力、科技实力、综合国力跃上新台阶，李强总理在今天作的《政府工作报告》中用六个“新”对此作了概括。这里，就中国经济成绩单，我再补充几组数例。

Over the past five years, we have achieved major new advances in the cause of the Party and the country, with China's economic, scientific and technological capabilities, and overall national strength all reaching new heights. In the government work report delivered today, Premier Li Qiang summarized this progress with six "new" highlights. Here, I'd like to add a few more figures to illustrate China's economic performance.

从经济规模和经济增速看，五年来，我国经济总量从“十三五”末的103万亿元增长到140万亿元以上，几乎每年就跳上一个10万亿级台阶，五年经济增量超过35万亿元，相当于一个中等规模经济体的总量。五年年均经济增速达到5.4%，明显高于世界其他主要经济体，也高于全球平均增速。

In terms of economic scale and growth, over the past five years, our total economic output expanded from 103 trillion yuan at the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan period to over 140 trillion yuan, jumping by around 10 trillion yuan each year. The total increase over this period exceeded 35 trillion yuan, roughly the total output of a medium-sized economy. The average annual growth rate reached 5.4%, significantly outpacing both other major economies and the global average.

从与经济发展质量密切相关的科技和产业创新情况看，五年来，一批重大科研成果加速涌现，自主可控清单越来越长。我国研发经费投入强度达到2.8%，首次超过OECD国家平均水平。全球创新指数排名由2020年的第14位提升到2025年的第10位，成为世界上首个国内有效发明专利拥有量超过500万件的国家，我们越来越多的技术和产业处于全球并跑乃至领跑地位，比如大家都比较熟悉的新能源汽车、光伏产品、高技术船舶等产品的研发、生产和出口都居世界第一。

In terms of technological and industrial innovation, which is closely tied to the quality of economic development, major scientific breakthroughs have emerged at an accelerating pace over the past five years. The catalog of homegrown, independently controllable technologies has continued to grow. China's R&D spending intensity reached 2.8%, surpassing the OECD average for the first time. Its ranking in the Global Innovation Index rose from 14th in 2020 to 10th in 2025, and it became the first country in the world to hold more than 5 million valid domestic invention patents. A growing number of our technologies and industries are now running alongside or even leading their global counterparts. Take some familiar examples: in new energy vehicles, photovoltaic products, and high-tech ships, China ranks first in the world across R&D, production, and exports.

从经济发展要创造的社会福利情况看，过去五年，我国民生福祉达到新水平。比如，在幼有所育上，推出免费学前教育政策、惠及1400万儿童，发放育儿补贴、惠及3000多万婴幼儿。在学有所教上，高等教育毛入学率从2020年的54.4%提高到60%以上，九年义务教育巩固率超过96%，县域义务教育基本均衡全面实现。在劳有所得上，脱贫人口务工规模每年稳定在3000万人以上，五年城镇新增就业累计超过6000万人，居民收入增长与经济增长同步。在病有所医上，医疗保障水平不断提高，全国跨省异地就医直接结算从无到有、惠及4亿多人次；人均预期寿命超过79岁、五年提高1.3岁。在老有所养上，建立养老保险全国统筹制度，城乡居民基础养老金最低标准逐年提高，累计增幅超过53%，惠及1.8亿多老年人。

In terms of the social welfare generated by economic development, the past five years have brought the well-being of our people to a new level. For example, in early education, a free preschool policy was introduced, benefiting 14 million children. In child care, subsidies were distributed to the families of more than 30 million infants and young children. In education, the gross enrollment rate in higher education increased from 54.4% in 2020 to over 60%. The completion rate of the nine-year compulsory education exceeded 96%, and balanced compulsory education was achieved across all counties. In employment, the number of people lifted out of poverty who remained in work stayed above 30 million each year, and more than 60 million new urban jobs were created over the five years. Residents' income growth kept pace with economic growth. In health care, medical security was continuously strengthened. Nation-wide interprovincial on-the-spot settlement of medical bills, which did not exist five years ago, has now covered more than 400 million visits. Average life expectancy now exceeds 79 years, rising by 1.3 years over the five-year period. In elderly care, a unified national coordination system for basic old-age insurance funds was established. Basic old-age insurance benefits for urban and rural residents were increased annually, with a cumulative increase exceeding 53%, benefiting more than 180 million elderly people.

这份沉甸甸的成绩单，充分展现了我国经济稳中有进的态势、顶压前行的韧性、向新向优的活力。也正因为如此，展望“十五五”，我们应对各种风险挑战的底气更足，推动经济高质量发展的决心更坚定，对发展前景更加充满信心。

This solid scorecard fully demonstrates the steady progress of our country's economy, its resilience in moving forward under pressure, and its vitality in pursuing innovation-driven and high-quality development. For this reason, as we look ahead to the 15th Five-Year Plan period, we are better equipped to navigate risks and challenges, more firmly resolved to advance high-quality economic development, and more confident in the road ahead.

谢谢您的提问。

Thank you for your question.

美国国际市场新闻社记者:

Market News International:

《政府工作报告》提出今年经济增长的预期目标为4.5%-5%，请问是出于哪些考虑？

The 2026 GDP growth target has been lowered to a range of 4.5% to 5%. What are the main considerations behind setting this growth target? Thank you.

沈丹阳:

Shen Danyang:

谢谢这位美国记者朋友提的问题。今年的经济增长目标实际上是两句话，即“经济增长4.5%-5%、在实际工作中努力争取更好结果”。

Thank you for your question. The economic growth target for this year has two parts: first, achieving a growth rate of 4.5% to 5%, and second, striving for better in practice.

这个“两句话的目标”综合考虑了国内经济运行和外部环境变化，兼顾了需要与可能，是一个“既跳起来摸高、又稳得住步伐”的积极务实的目标。为什么这么说呢？一方面，这个目标既充分考虑今年要为调结构、防风险、促改革留出空间，又与2035年远景目标总体衔接，体现了“十五五”时期夯实基础、全面发力的要求。党的十九届五中全会明确提出，到2035年我国人均国内生产总值要达到中等发达国家水平。“十四五”时期我国经济已经实现年均5.4%的增长，据专家研究测算，按照“到2035年人均GDP达到2万美元以上、比2020年翻一番”这样一个远景目标来倒算，未来十年我国经济年均增长4.17%以上就可以实现这个目标。另一方面，这个目标与我国增长潜力是匹配的，国内外有很多经济组织、经济专家、智库都在测算，总体上跟我们的预期和目标是吻合的，在世界主要经济体中增速也差不多是最高的。

This takes into account domestic economic operations and changes in the external environment, balancing needs and possibilities. It is an active and pragmatic goal that aims high while maintaining steady steps. Why do we say that? On one hand, this target fully considers the need to leave room for structural adjustment, risk prevention, and reform promotion this year, while also aligning with the long-term goals for 2035. It reflects the requirements to consolidate the foundation and exert full effort during the 15th Five-Year Plan period. The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee clearly proposed that by 2035, China's per capita GDP should reach the level of moderately developed countries. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China's economy achieved an average annual growth of 5.4%. According to expert research and calculations, working backwards from the long-term goal of "per capita GDP reaching over $20,000 by 2035, doubling that of 2020," an average annual growth of over 4.17% in the next decade would be enough to achieve this goal. On the other hand, this target matches China's growth potential. Many economic organizations, experts, and think tanks at home and abroad have made projections that generally align with our expectations and targets. Among major economies worldwide, China's growth rate is also roughly the highest.

我还想特别说的是，这个目标是个区间目标，既为应对各种不确定因素留有空间，也有利于各地因地制宜制定本地区增长目标，有利于引导各方面把精力聚焦到高质量发展上来。今年中国经济发展的外部环境更趋复杂多变，经济运行中不确定难预料因素很可能比预料的多，提出这样的区间目标也是为了应对这些不确定性留有余地。关于今年外部环境的不确定性，最近的国际形势，大家都看到了。

I would particularly like to point out that this target is a range target, which leaves room to cope with various uncertainties, but also enables local governments to set their own growth targets according to local conditions, and this helps guide all parties to focus their efforts on high-quality development. As China's external environment for economic development grows increasingly complex and volatile this year—with uncertainties likely to exceed expectations—a range-based growth target provides the flexibility needed to respond effectively to these challenges. Regarding this year's uncertainties in the external environment, we have all seen the recent international situation.

最后强调一下，这个“两句话的目标”包含“在实际工作中努力争取更好结果”，展现了积极进取的目标导向和政策取向。这也有两方面考虑，一方面，我国经济具有强大韧性和活力，结构持续向优向好，新质生产力加快成长。另一方面，今年继续实施更加积极有为的宏观政策，同时还将深入实施一系列重点领域改革，势必进一步释放经济增长潜力。所以在这样的情况下，我们认为，只要把各种有利条件用好用足，完全可以争取更好结果，实现质的有效提升和量的合理增长。谢谢。

Finally, I want to emphasize that this "twofold target" contains "striving for better in practice," which demonstrates a proactive goal orientation and policy direction. This is based on two considerations. First, China's economy has strong resilience and vitality, with its structure continuing to improve and new quality productive forces growing rapidly. Second, this year we will continue to implement more proactive and effective macro policies, while also deepening reforms in a series of key areas, which will inevitably further unleash the potential for economic growth. Under such circumstances, we believe that as long as we make full and effective use of all favorable conditions, we can absolutely strive for better results, achieving effective qualitative improvement and reasonable quantitative growth. Thank you.

21世纪经济报道记者:

21st Century Business Herald:

《政府工作报告》提出继续实施更加积极有为的宏观政策。财政、货币政策取向的表述，和去年的提法是一样的，请问更加积极有为体现在哪些方面？谢谢。

The Government Work Report states that we will continue to implement more proactive and effective macro policies. The wording regarding the fiscal and monetary policies is the same as last year's. What are the specific manifestations of "more proactive and effective?" Thank you.

沈丹阳:

Shen Danyang:

这个问题我想请我的同事陈昌盛先生来回答。

I would like to invite Mr. Chen Changsheng to answer this question.

《政府工作报告》起草组成员、国务院研究室副主任陈昌盛:

Chen Changsheng:

好的，谢谢你的提问。去年中央经济工作会议已经明确了今年要继续实施更加积极有为的宏观政策，今天上午总理的《报告》对这个政策取向专门作了具体部署。

Thank you for your question. Last year's Central Economic Work Conference already made it clear that this year we will continue to implement more proactive and effective macro policies. This morning, Premier Li Qiang's government work report made specific arrangements for this policy orientation.

为什么延续更加积极有为的政策取向呢？主要是以下考虑：一是形势有需要。大家看到，今年外部环境不确定性很大，国内供强需弱的格局还在延续，存在一定的总需求缺口，所以需要加大政策调节的力度，用宏观政策的确定性去应对形势的不确定性。二是政策有空间。从国际比较来看，我国现在的政府负债率尤其是中央政府负债率还是比较低的，货币的降准降息应该说还有条件。另外，政策组合上也还有创新余地。同时，这个政策取向也是要向全社会传递宏观政策调控的延续性。前年的9月26日，中央政治局会议部署了一揽子增量政策，今年的政策取向是这一调控思路的延续，而且更加注重预期管理，通过加大逆周期调节力度，向社会传递出清晰有力的宏观政策信号。

Why are we continuing with more proactive and effective policies? Mainly for the following reasons: first, the situation requires it. As we can see, this year, the uncertainties in the external environment remain high, and the domestic pattern of strong supply and weak demand continues, with a certain gap in total demand. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen policy adjustments and use the certainty of macro policies to cope with the uncertainty of the external environment. Second, there is policy space. From an international comparative perspective, China's current government debt ratio, especially that of the central government, is still relatively low. Conditions are still in place for cuts to reserve requirement ratios and interest rates. In addition, there is still room for innovation within the policy mix. At the same time, this policy orientation is also meant to convey the continuity of macro policy regulation to the whole society. On Sep. 26, 2024, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee meeting arranged a package of incremental policies. This year's policy orientation is a continuation of that regulatory approach, with greater emphasis on expectation management, sending strong and clear macro policy signals to society by stepping up counter-cyclical adjustments.

第二，更加积极有为怎么体现？主要体现在三个方面。一是力度和规模比较大。大家看到，今年赤字率延续了4%左右，是历史上比较高的水平，赤字规模增加2300亿元。新增政府债务总规模达到了11.89万亿元，这也是创历史新高。今年一般公共预算支出将首次达到30万亿元，比上年增加1.27万亿元。这些都体现了财政政策的更加积极。货币政策也延续了适度宽松的取向，强调要用好降准降息等多种政策工具，保持流动性充裕，还要加力扩围实施好新型政策性金融工具等，努力降低企业融资成本，支持实体经济。

Second, in what ways is a more proactive and effective approach being taken? This is reflected in three main aspects: First, the scale and intensity are notably large. As we can see, this year's deficit ratio is set at around 4%, which is historically high, and the deficit has grown by 230 billion yuan. The total scale of newly added government debt has reached 11.89 trillion yuan, which is also a record high. This year, general public budget expenditure is projected to reach 30 trillion yuan for the first time, an increase of about 1.27 trillion yuan from the 2025 level. Taken together, these three aspects reflect a more proactive fiscal policy. We will continue to apply an appropriately accommodative monetary policy in 2026, flexibly and effectively deploying a range of policy instruments, including cuts to required reserve ratios and interest rates to maintain adequate liquidity. We will also expand the use of new policy-based financial instruments, reduce corporate financing costs and support the real economy.

二是更加注重精准有效。财政政策方面，这次特别强调要深化零基预算改革，要把一些低效、花得不好的钱调出来，花到更有用的地方去。去年已经收到了一些效果，今年还要加大力度。另外要进一步优化支出结构，盘活存量资产资源，把更多财政资金用于提振消费、投资于人、保障民生等方面。货币政策也将优化结构性政策工具，强化支持扩大内需、科技创新、中小微企业等方面。

Second, we will place greater emphasis on precision and effectiveness. In terms of fiscal policy, there is a particular emphasis on deepening zero-based budgeting reform, redirecting funds that have been spent inefficiently or ineffectively to more productive areas. This approach already yielded results last year, and the push will be stepped up further this year. In addition, the spending structure will be further optimized, improving the allocation of existing assets and resources, and directing more fiscal funds to boosting consumption, investing in people, and safeguarding their livelihoods. In terms of monetary policy, we will also optimize structural policy tools and strengthen support for expanding domestic demand, technological innovation, and micro-, small- and medium-sized enterprises.

三是突出政策创新。不光是政策工具的创新，也强调政策组合的创新。比如新创设了1000亿元的财政金融协同促内需专项资金，这是一个创新，就是要充分发挥财政金融协同作用，在贷款贴息、融资担保、风险补偿等方面，支持民间投资和扩消费。再比如，强调发挥数据要素、知识产权等无形资产作用，拓展信贷投放的渠道。

Third, policy innovation will be prioritized. This includes not only innovation in policy tools, but also innovation in policy combinations. For example, we will establish a special fiscal-financial coordination fund of 100 billion yuan to boost domestic demand. This is an innovative measure designed to fully leverage the role of fiscal-financial coordination, supporting private investment and consumption expansion through mechanisms such as loan interest subsidies, financing guarantees, and risk compensation. Another example is the emphasis on leveraging intangible assets such as data and intellectual property to broaden channels for credit extension.

总的看，今年的政策力度大、靶向准、创新多，我们也期待通过有力有效实施这样的宏观政策，推动经济社会发展保持良好势头，实现“十五五”的良好开局。谢谢。

Overall, this year's policies are bold, well-targeted and innovative. We look forward to seeing these macroeconomic policies implemented with force and effect, sustaining the positive momentum in economic and social development and getting the 15th Five-Year Plan off to a strong start. Thank you.

路透社记者:

Reuters:

“十五五”规划提出未来五年要实现居民消费率的明显提高，请问2026年政府将采取哪些具体措施来提振消费，特别是居民消费？另外，怎么样从根本上解决现在“供强需弱”的结构性问题？谢谢。

The 15th Five-Year Plan proposed that in the next five years, the resident consumption rate should be significantly improved. May I ask what specific measures the government will take in 2026 to boost consumption, especially resident consumption? In addition, how can the current structural problem of "strong supply, weak demand" be fundamentally solved? Thank you.

沈丹阳:

Shen Danyang:

好，这个问题我来回答。《政府工作报告》已经连续两年把扩大内需放在工作任务的第一条，特别是把“实施提振消费专项行动”摆在突出的位置。今年的《报告》提出，要通过激发居民消费内生动力和促消费政策并举来提振消费，这实际上已经从大的方向上回答了如何从根本上解决“供强需弱”的问题。在具体措施上，形象地说，就是要用好“加、减、乘、除”四个方法。

I'll take this question. For the second consecutive year, the government work report has listed expanding domestic demand as its top priority, with particular prominence given to the "implementation of special initiatives to boost consumption." This year's report proposes to boost consumption by both stimulating residents' willingness to spend and rolling out pro-consumption policies, addressing at a fundamental level the longstanding problem of "strong supply, weak demand." In terms of specific measures, we can summarize them neatly with a four-part formula: addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.

“加法”，就是要在需求侧通过增加收入来扩大需求、在供给侧增加优质产品和优质服务供给。今年第一次提出实施城乡居民增收计划，准备在促进低收入群体增收、增加居民财产性收入、完善薪酬和社保制度等方面推出一批政策措施，这个目的就是要让更多居民的“钱袋子”鼓起来，从根本上提升消费能力。所谓“供强需弱”，其实消费领域也不完全是这个问题。比如，消费供给就有弱的一面，需要在供给上着力培育消费新增长点，实施服务消费提质惠民行动，加力推进消费新业态新模式新场景试点，大力培育文旅、汽车后市场、体育赛事、演艺经济、情绪式体验式服务等能够更好满足需求的消费场景。同时，分类施策支持下沉市场消费渠道升级和场景创新，推动品牌连锁加快布局，进一步激活下沉市场消费潜力。

"Addition" means boosting demand on the demand side through income growth, while expanding the supply of high-quality products and services on the supply side. This year, for the first time, an income growth plan for both urban and rural residents has been proposed. A series of policy measures will be introduced to increase the incomes of low-income earners, increase residents' property income, and improve the remuneration and social insurance systems. The goal is to fill more residents' wallets and fundamentally boost consumption capacity. The so-called "strong supply, weak demand" phenomenon is not entirely the case in the consumption sector. For example, consumption supply also has weaknesses. On the supply side, efforts are needed to cultivate new drivers of consumption growth, roll out measures to boost service consumption and deliver public benefits, and accelerate pilot programs for new consumption formats, models, and scenarios. Priority sectors include cultural tourism, the automotive aftermarket, sporting events, the performing arts economy, and emotional and experiential services — all consumption scenarios with strong potential to meet evolving demand. Meanwhile, tailored measures will target lower-tier markets to upgrade consumption channels, drive scenario innovation, fast-track the expansion of brand chain networks, and unlock their untapped consumption potential.

那么“减法”是什么意思呢？“减法”，就是要减轻居民的“后顾之忧”，进一步释放消费潜力。比如，今年将加大在医疗、养老、生育养育等方面的保障力度，提高医保补助标准，发展普惠托育服务等，相信这些措施将使老百姓更加“敢消费”、“愿消费”。

So, what does "subtraction" mean? It means reducing residents' worries about the future to further unleash consumption potential. For example, this year, China will step up guarantees in areas such as health care, elderly care, and childbirth and parenting, raise medical insurance subsidy standards, and develop inclusive child care services. These measures are expected to make the public more willing and ready to consume.

“乘法”，就是通过财政金融协同联动，发挥乘数效应，更好带动居民消费。去年，消费品以旧换新带动相关商品销售达到了2.61万亿元，惠及3.66亿人次。今年将进一步加大对线下实体零售的支持力度，聚焦补贴领域，集中支持汽车、冰箱、洗衣机、电视机等覆盖人群广、带动效应强的重点消费品以旧换新，并新增一些新产品，比如智能眼镜这样的产品，让更多群众能拿到补贴，换到产品。同时，还能换出新赛道、新动能、新质生产力。今年还新创设了1000亿元财政金融协同促内需专项资金，刚才我们两个都讲到了，这是今年很新的一个政策。优化实施的服务业经营主体贷款贴息和个人消费贷款贴息政策，扩大了支持领域，提高了贴息上限，将让更多消费者更有获得感。

"Multiplication" refers to the synergistic coordination of fiscal and financial policies to generate a multiplier effect and better drive household consumption. Last year, trade-in programs for consumer goods boosted sales of related products to 2.61 trillion yuan, benefiting 366 million people. This year, we will further step up support for offline physical retail by focusing on targeted subsidy areas — specifically, supporting trade-ins of key consumer goods with broad market reach and strong spillover effects, such as cars, refrigerators, washing machines and televisions. New products, such as smart glasses, will also be added to the subsidy list, ensuring that more people can receive subsidies and upgrade their purchases. At the same time, these efforts will help foster new growth tracks, new drivers of growth and new quality productive forces. This year, we have also established a new 100 billion yuan special fund for fiscal and financial coordination to promote domestic demand — as mentioned by both of us just now — marking a new policy initiative this year. The optimized implementation of loan interest subsidies for service-sector businesses and personal consumption loans has expanded the scope of support and raised the subsidy cap, delivering more tangible benefits to consumers.

最后一个是“除法”，“除法”就是要破除壁垒、清除障碍，进一步清理各类消费限制性措施，畅通消费循环。比如，针对消费市场中存在的隐性壁垒进行分类施策，简化促销活动的审批流程；在一些城市进一步放宽车辆购买限制、增发购车指标，支持符合条件的临街商铺进行外摆经营，等等。这些措施也是各个地方都在积极推进的。

The last is "Division." "Division" means breaking down barriers, removing obstacles, eliminating various restrictive measures on consumption, and facilitating a smoother consumption cycle. For example, targeted measures will be taken to address hidden barriers in the consumption market, simplifying the approval process for promotional activities. In some cities, we will further ease vehicle purchase restrictions, issue more car purchase quotas, support eligible street-front businesses in conducting outdoor operations, and more. These measures are also being actively promoted in various places.

今年居民消费增长的良好势头在前两个月已经有所显现，特别是刚刚过去的春节假期，全国消费市场可以说是很火热的，而且亮点纷呈。相关行业日均销售收入比去年春节假期增长了13.7%，这增长幅度是比较大的，商品零售保持增长，旅游及文化等服务消费需求旺盛，居民生活类消费保持活跃，这些从一个侧面印证出今年中国消费市场有望展现出强劲的内生动力。

The strong momentum in household consumption growth this year has already begun to emerge in the first two months. During the just-concluded Spring Festival holiday in particular, the national consumer market proved exceptionally vibrant, with numerous bright spots. The average daily sales revenue of related industries during this year's Spring Festival holiday increased 13.7% compared to the same period last year, marking a notable rise. Retail sales of goods continued to grow, demand for tourism and cultural services remained strong, and household consumption stayed active. These figures suggest that China's consumer market is poised to demonstrate strong endogenous growth momentum this year.

谢谢您的提问。

Thank you for your questions.

中央广播电视总台央视记者:

CCTV:

我有一个关于民生的问题，我们注意到，今年的《政府工作报告》在教育、医疗、社会保障等民生领域，推出了不少新的政策举措，能否请您进一步详细介绍一下这方面的内容？谢谢。

I have a question regarding people's well-being. We have noticed that this year's government work report has introduced many new policy measures in areas such as education, health care and social security. Could you please elaborate on this? Thank you.

沈丹阳:

Shen Danyang:

好，这个问题我来回答。大家都很关注民生，刚才我也介绍，今年《政府工作报告》特别突出了民生。保障和改善民生是一项长期工作，没有终点站，只有连续不断的新起点。从近两年代表委员对《报告》的审议讨论情况看，对民生领域的修改建议是最多的，这也说明大家对民生工作每年都充满期待。今年《报告》聚焦解决人民群众急难愁盼问题，提出了更多有力度、有温度的措施，并且把民生部分的位置往前提了，重要性进一步凸显。时间关系，我只能列举一些。

I'll answer this question. People's well-being is a subject of great public concern. As I mentioned just now, this year's report places special emphasis on it. Ensuring and improving people's well-being is a long-term endeavor. There is no finish line, only a succession of new starting points. Judging from the review and discussion of the report by NPC deputies and members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference over the past two years, livelihood-related revision suggestions have been the most numerous. This reflects how much people expect progress on well-being issues each year. This year's report focuses on addressing people's most pressing concerns, proposing more robust and compassionate measures, while giving greater prominence to the livelihood section and further underscoring its importance. Due to time constraints, I can only list a few.

在教育方面，《报告》围绕提升教育公平与质量，对各学段、各类型的教育工作都作出安排。比如，关于学前教育，今年将继续实施学前一年免费教育政策，也就是通常说的幼儿园大班免费入园。幼儿园由此减少的收入怎么解决呢？由中央和地方财政给予补助，而且是中央财政出大头。今年支持学前教育发展安排资金大幅度增长，增长了37.8%，以保障这项惠民政策能够顺利实施。再比如，关于高中阶段教育，今年的《报告》明确，增加普通高中学位供给。具体来说，就是对人口持续净流入的县城和中心城区，将分年度规划建设一批普通高中；对学位缺口临时紧张的地区，将优先改扩建已有教学楼、学生宿舍和食堂。实际上，一些地方年初就已经对这项工作作出安排了，大家如果关注地方召开的两会就会看到，很多省都在这方面有安排。比如，广东提出新增普通高中学位20万个以上，湖南提出扩充优质普通高中公办学位8万个，这些将明显增加学生接受优质普通高中教育的机会。这就是一个实实在在的民生的事。

In terms of education, the report focuses on improving fairness and quality, covering education work at all levels and of all types. For example, regarding preschool education, this year we will continue to implement the policy of one year of free preschool education — commonly referred to as free enrollment in the senior class of kindergarten. How will the resulting loss of revenue for kindergartens be addressed? Subsidies will be provided by both central and local government budgets, with the central government bearing the larger share. This year, funding allocated to support preschool education development has increased significantly, rising by 37.8%, to ensure the smooth implementation of this people-oriented policy. As another example, regarding senior secondary education, this year's report clearly states that the supply of regular senior high school places will be increased. Specifically, in county towns and central urban areas with sustained net population inflow, regular senior high schools will be planned and built on a rolling annual basis. In areas facing temporary shortages of school places, priority will be given to renovating and expanding existing teaching buildings, student dormitories and cafeterias. In fact, some localities had already made arrangements for this work at the start of the year. If you have been following the local "two sessions," you may have noticed that many provinces have taken action on this front. For example, Guangdong has proposed adding more than 200,000 regular high school places, while Hunan plans to expand the number of high-quality regular high school public places by 80,000. These measures will significantly increase students' opportunities to receive high-quality senior secondary education. This is a genuine, concrete matter that directly affects people's well-being.

在医疗方面，《报告》提出了很多支持举措。比如，加强基层用药衔接，就是要完善基本药物目录，优化上下级医疗卫生机构药品供应和用药衔接渠道，让群众在家门口用药更方便。再比如，《报告》连续第3年对支持创新药发展作出了部署，今年将强化全链条支持政策协同，进一步解决创新药“入院难”等问题，更好满足人民群众多元化就医用药的需求。

In terms of health care, the report has put forward a range of supportive measures. For example, strengthening medication coordination at the primary care level means improving the essential medicine list, optimizing the channels for medicine supply and coordination between primary and higher-level medical institutions, and making it more convenient for people to access medicines near their homes. Another example is that the report has, for the third consecutive year, outlined plans to support the development of innovative drugs. This year, the government will strengthen coordinated policy support across the full chain, further address difficulties such as the limited hospital access for innovative medicines and better meet people's diversified medical and medication needs.

在社会保障方面，今年的《报告》提出继续提高城乡居民基础养老金最低标准，这个政策将惠及1.8亿多的老年人。中央财政将安排1.25万亿元补助资金，确保养老金按时足额发放。针对新就业形态人员权益保障不足的问题，今年的《报告》提出稳妥有序推进职业伤害保障试点扩围，今年将实现全国31个省份和新疆生产建设兵团全覆盖，同时把出行、即时配送和同城货运这3个行业的平台企业总体纳入到试点范围，这将使更多外卖小哥、网约车司机等劳动者的劳动安全得到保障。

In terms of social security, this year's report has proposed continuing to raise the minimum standard for basic pensions for urban and rural residents. This policy will benefit more than 180 million elderly people. The central government will allocate 1.25 trillion yuan in subsidy funds to ensure pensions are paid in full and on time. To address the inadequate protection of rights and interests for workers in new forms of employment, this year's report has proposed steadily and orderly expanding the pilot program for occupational injury protection. This year, the pilot will be expanded to cover all 31 provinces and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, with platform enterprises in the ride-hailing, instant delivery and same-city freight sectors also brought within the pilot scope. This will help ensure the occupational safety of more workers, including food delivery couriers and ride-hailing drivers.

还有很多，就不一一说了，谢谢。

There are many other measures which I will not go into one by one here. Thank you.

北京青年报记者:

Beijing Youth Daily:

今年《政府工作报告》提出要促进高质量充分就业，我们也关注到，现在不少年轻人都会觉得就业压力很大。总体来看，今年的就业形势怎么样？会采取哪些措施来缓解各方面特别是年轻人就业方面的焦虑？谢谢。

This year's government work report proposes promoting quality and full employment. We have also noticed that many young people feel considerable pressure in the job market. Overall, how do you assess the employment situation this year? What measures will be taken to ease employment-related anxiety, particularly among young people? Thank you.

沈丹阳:

Shen Danyang:

好，这个问题请陈昌盛先生来回答。

Thank you for your question. I'd like to invite Mr. Chen to answer it.

陈昌盛:

Chen Changsheng:

谢谢你的提问，这是个很重要的问题。就业是每个小家庭热气腾腾的基础，大家都有了就业，才会有千家万户的蒸蒸日上。今年的《政府工作报告》依然把就业放在一个很重要的位置，把稳就业放在“四稳”首位，提出了一系列的政策措施，主要是从总量、结构和重点群体方面提出了针对性措施。

Thank you for your question. This is a very important issue. Employment is the foundation of every family's livelihood. When everyone has a job, households can thrive and society as a whole can prosper. This year's government work report once again places employment in a prominent position, prioritizing employment stabilization as the top task among the "four priorities for stability," and puts forward a series of policy measures. These measures mainly focus on targeting overall scale, structural alignment and key demographic groups.

总量上突出扩规模。今年要参加到新的就业岗位的群体大概有2000万的规模，如果扣除由于退休等原因腾出的岗位，新增岗位仍然需要1200万左右。根据我国这些年尤其是近两年经济增长同就业之间的带动关系来看，要实现这样一个规模的就业，需要4.5%-5%的增速，这也是今年经济增长目标设定的重要考量。稳就业重要的是经济的稳定增长，这是稳就业的基础。同时我们要实施稳岗扩容提质行动，就是对劳动密集型行业和创造就业多的行业进行针对性的支持。对不裁员少裁员的企业继续给予的稳岗返还、对中小企业给予的稳岗扩岗贷款等阶段性政策还会延续。

First, in terms of overall scale, the focus is on expanding employment capacity. This year, around 20 million people are expected to enter the job market. After deducting positions vacated through retirements and other reasons, approximately 12 million new urban jobs will still need to be created. Based on the relationship between economic growth and job creation in recent years, particularly over the past two years, achieving this level of employment will require economic growth of around 4.5% to 5%. This was an important consideration in setting this year's economic growth target. Stable economic growth is the foundation for stabilizing employment. At the same time, we will implement initiatives to stabilize jobs, expand employment capacity, and improve job quality. Targeted support will be provided to labor-intensive industries and sectors that generate large numbers of jobs. Temporary policies will continue, including job retention subsidies for enterprises that avoid or minimize layoffs, as well as job stabilization and expansion loans for small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).

结构上重点是促匹配。大家知道，现在的就业形势，结构性的问题更突出，归纳起来主要有两类不匹配。一类是技能的不匹配。现在有很多行业在快速发展，但是很多劳动者的技能跟行业发展不匹配。比如从一些市场数据看，人工智能技术方面的招聘岗位很多，但人才供给很少，需供比是3.5：1；像新能源技术工程师的需供比是5.1：1，机器人行业技术人才需供比是5.2：1，有大量的缺口。要解决技能不匹配的问题，很关键的是加强教育培训。短期内，主要是加强行业企业合作，开展针对性的技能培训，建设一批公共实训基地。今年政府补贴的技能培训规模力争超过1000万人次。优化高校学科设置，使学科专业更好适应实际需要，部署“急需学科专业超常布局行动”，促进解决技能不匹配问题。还有就是就业意愿不匹配。很多加工制造业，以及家政、养老等服务业，都有大量的岗位缺口，但因为工资待遇、成长空间或岗位认同等方面的原因，导致人才供给不足。比如家政行业，据各方面测算的数据看，缺口有2000多万人。今年会推出一些举措，家政行业原来是中介制为主，今后将积极推动从中介制向员工制发展，让家政服务人员成为正式员工，这样就增加了就业稳定性，责任机制也会建立起来，税收优惠、培训补贴等方面的政策都会加大力度。

Second, structurally, the focus is on improving job matching. As many of you know, structural issues have become more prominent in the current employment landscape. Broadly speaking, there are two main types of mismatches. One type is a skills mismatch. Many industries are developing rapidly, but the skills of some workers do not match the needs of those industries. For example, market data show strong demand for positions related to artificial intelligence, yet the supply of talent remains limited, with a demand-to-supply ratio of about 3.5 to 1. The ratio stands at about 5.1 to 1 for new energy technology engineers and 5.2 to 1 for technical professionals in the robotics industry, pointing to significant talent shortages. Addressing the skills mismatch requires a stronger focus on education and training. In the short term, the priority is to deepen cooperation between industries and enterprises, carry out targeted skills training and build a number of public training bases. This year, government-subsidized vocational training is expected to reach over 10 million participants. At the same time, we will optimize the discipline and program structure of universities to better align academic programs with practical needs. We will also implement initiatives to accelerate the development of urgently needed disciplines and majors, thereby helping address the skills mismatch. Another challenge is the mismatch in employment expectations. Many manufacturing industries, as well as services sectors such as household services and elderly care, face significant labor shortages. However, factors such as salary levels, career development prospects, and social recognition of certain occupations have limited the supply of workers. For instance, estimates from various sources suggest that the domestic service sector faces a shortage of more than 20 million workers. This year, several new measures will be introduced. The domestic service industry has long been dominated by an intermediary-based system. Going forward, efforts will be made to actively shift toward an employee-based model, allowing domestic service workers to become formal employees. This will enhance job stability and establish clear responsibility mechanisms. Policy support will also be strengthened, including expanded tax incentives and training subsidies.

群体上突出年轻人。高校毕业生、农民工、困难人员都是就业工作的重点，其中年轻人是重中之重。大家知道，年轻人的工作是一个家庭关键的事。今年高校毕业生再创新高，预计达到1270万人，要采取一系列措施保障年轻人的工作。比如扩大政策性岗位，盘活行政机关、事业单位编制资源，稳定机关事业单位的招录规模，还要推动适当提高国有企业的校招比例。加大对民营企业的就业支持政策，包括税收优惠、培训补贴、贷款贴息，延续实施一次性扩岗补助政策，等等。积极开发过渡性岗位，针对部分年轻人存在慢就业的特点，将开发科研助理、教学助理等过渡性岗位。还要加大对创业的支持，尤其AI出现了以后，降低了创业的门槛，提高了创业的可能性。所以，我们要在创业上强化支持，比如提供一次性创业补贴、提高创业担保贷款额度和财政贴息，对创业孵化空间给予免费使用或低成本使用等等。就业问题关系千家万户，需要通过政府、社会和家庭一起努力，使青年学子们能够找到施展才华的地方，让年轻人能够释放活力。谢谢。

Third, in terms of key groups, particular emphasis will be placed on young people. College graduates, migrant workers, and people facing employment difficulties are all key groups in employment work, with young people being the top priority. As everyone knows, employment for young people is of critical importance to families. This year, the number of college graduates is expected to reach a new record high of 12.7 million, and a series of measures will be taken to support their employment. For example, we will expand policy-supported positions, make better use of staffing resources in government agencies and public institutions, and maintain stable recruitment levels in these sectors. We will also encourage state-owned enterprises to gradually raise their campus hiring share. At the same time, support policies for employment in private enterprises will be strengthened, including tax incentives, training subsidies and loan interest subsidies. The one-off job expansion subsidy policy will also be extended. In addition, we will actively develop transitional positions, such as research assistant and teaching assistant posts, to accommodate the trend of some young people taking more time before entering full employment. We will also step up support for entrepreneurship. The rise of artificial intelligence has lowered the barriers to starting a business and created opportunities for would-be entrepreneurs. Therefore, we will strengthen support for entrepreneurship, including one-off start-up subsidies, higher ceilings on entrepreneurship guaranteed loans with greater government interest subsidies, and free or low-cost access to business incubation spaces. Employment affects every household. It takes the combined efforts of government, society and families to help young people find opportunities to apply their talents and realize their potential. Thank you.

澎湃新闻记者:

ThePaper.cn:

今年在激发各类经营主体活力、支持企业更好发展方面，我们主要采取了哪些针对性的措施？比如在清理拖欠企业账款、支持平台企业更好发展方面有哪些举措？谢谢。

This year, what targeted measures have been taken to energize various types of business entities and support enterprises in achieving better development? For example, what measures have been taken to clear arrears owed to enterprises and support platform enterprises in achieving better growth? Thank you.

沈丹阳:

Shen Danyang:

好，我来回答这个问题。去年，国务院针对企业尤其是中小企业、民营企业特别关切的拖欠企业账款、乱收费乱摊派乱罚款等痛点问题，也就是你提到的跟企业经营主体活力有关的问题，已经出台了一系列有针对性的政策举措，并且这些政策也发挥了很好的作用。今年的《政府工作报告》再次提出，要充分激发各类经营主体活力，持续聚焦各类经营主体关切的突出问题，在减负担、优服务、促发展等方面精准施策，重点是做好三件事。

I'll answer this question. Last year, the State Council introduced a series of targeted policy measures to energize business entities, as you mentioned. These measures focused on pressing concerns of enterprises, especially SMEs and private enterprises, addressing issues such as overdue payments and the imposition of arbitrary charges, quotas, and fines. These policies have proven highly effective. This year's government work report once again called for fully stimulating the vitality of various business entities, with a sustained focus on key issues of concern to enterprises and targeted measures to reduce burdens, improve services, and drive development. Three priority tasks have been identified to this end.

第一件事，是要下更大力气解决拖欠企业账款问题。去年全国深入开展加快加力清理拖欠企业账款行动，推动解决了一批历史拖欠问题。今年将继续统筹安排地方专项债券额度支持清欠，更好发挥金融政策作用。同时出台《保障中小企业款项支付条例》的配套政策，督促央企国企带头履行支付责任，加强票据、应收账款电子凭证等规范管理，推动清欠工作取得更好效果。

The first priority is to step up efforts to address the problem of overdue payments to enterprises. Last year, a nationwide campaign was launched to accelerate the clearance of overdue payments to enterprises, helping resolve a number of long-standing arrears cases. This year, we will continue to coordinate the allocation of local government special-purpose bond quotas to support arrears clearance, with financial policies playing a stronger role. At the same time, complementary policies will also be introduced under the Regulation on Ensuring Timely Payments to SMEs, urging central and state-owned enterprises to take the lead in meeting payment obligations, strengthening standardized management over bills and electronic accounts receivable certificates, and driving better outcomes in arrears clearance.

第二件事，是要推动平台企业和平台内的经营者、劳动者共赢发展。当前网络平台已经成为各类小商户、小企业经营创业的重要依托，平台内经营者、劳动者跟平台企业共同构成了平台经济的大生态，应该是共赢发展的关系。今年国家相关部门将用好新出台的网络交易平台规则监督管理办法，持续规范网络交易平台收费行为，同时制定新就业形态劳动者权益保障办法，督促平台企业进一步强化自律、优化服务，切实保障平台内经营者、劳动者合法权益，激发创新发展活力。

The second priority is to promote mutually beneficial development among platform enterprises and the operators and workers within those platforms. Online platforms have become a vital foundation for small merchants and enterprises to run businesses and launch ventures. Together with platform enterprises, in-platform operators and workers form the broader platform economy ecosystem. This relationship should be built on win-win development. This year, relevant national departments will make full use of newly introduced measures for supervising rules on online trading platforms, continue to regulate platform fee practices, and draw up measures to protect the rights and interests of workers in new forms of employment. They will urge platform enterprises to further strengthen self-discipline and optimize services to genuinely safeguard the lawful rights and interests of in-platform operators and workers and boost innovation-driven development.

第三件事，是要分型分类精准帮扶个体工商户发展。我国个体工商户众多，不仅在繁荣经济与推动创新创业方面发挥了重要作用，而且直接带动近3亿城乡居民就业，这是很大的一个数字。就像街边的小饭馆、小商店等，看起来不起眼，但实实在在服务着千家万户，对稳定就业、保障民生都十分重要。有关部门今年将加快开展“名特优新”个体工商户培育工作，持续加强个体工商户分型分类，有针对性提供初创帮扶、技能培训、数字化转型、融资信贷等方面的服务，帮助解决转型升级难、融资贷款难、市场拓展难等问题。

The third priority is to provide targeted support for self-employed individuals, tailored to different types and categories of businesses. There are numerous self-employed individuals in our country. They not only play an important role in boosting the economy and promoting innovation and entrepreneurship, but also directly create jobs for nearly 300 million urban and rural residents. This is a very large number. Just like small neighborhood restaurants and shops, these modest businesses truly serve thousands of households and are very important for stabilizing employment and ensuring people's livelihoods. Relevant departments will this year accelerate efforts to nurture "famous, special, excellent and new" self-employed businesses. They will continue to refine the classification of individual businesses by category and provide targeted services such as startup assistance, skills training, digital transformation, and financing and credit. These efforts will help address difficulties in transformation and upgrading, access to financing, and market expansion.

谢谢您的提问。

Thank you for your question.

北京广播电视台记者:

Beijing Radio and Television Station (BRTV):

养老照护、普惠托育等“一老一小”相关工作关系千家万户。想请问今年《报告》在完善“一老一小”服务体系方面，部署了哪些支持举措？谢谢。

Elderly care, public-interest child care services and related work affect thousands of households. I would like to ask what support measures are outlined in this year's report to improve the elderly and child care service systems? Thank you.

沈丹阳:

Shen Danyang:

好，这个问题我来回答。“一老一小”服务是每个家庭都特别关心的问题，也是惠民生促发展的结合点。今年网民在给政府工作报告建言献策的时候，在“一老一小”方面提了不少建议。我搜了若干个网民建议，原汁原味的，他们提了很多。我看时间可以，我给大家列一下网民在养老育儿方面的一些建言。比如有一个关于失能失智等困难老人照护方面的问题，是一个叫做“简简单单”的网民提的。他说，“我的父亲有老年痴呆，严重不能自理。我作为一个独生子女，如果留在家里照顾父亲，就上不了班。我出来上班，就得把父亲送到养老公寓，就供不起我的父亲，特别感到压力大和焦虑，希望国家能够改善一下失能失智老人的养老问题”。

I'll take this question. Elderly and child care services are a top concern for every family and represent a key intersection of improving people's livelihoods and driving development. This year, netizens submitting suggestions for the government work report made numerous recommendations on this issue. I looked through a number of netizens' suggestions verbatim, and there were many. Since time permits, let me share some of the netizens' suggestions on elderly care and child care. One example, raised by a netizen, concerns care for elderly people with disabilities or dementia. The netizen said: "My father has Alzheimer's disease and is severely unable to care for himself. As an only child, if I stay at home to care for my father, I cannot work. If I go out to work, I'll have to send my father to a nursing home, but I cannot afford the costs. I feel extremely stressed and anxious, and I hope the country can improve elderly care for people with disabilities or dementia."

在托育方面，有个网民叫“程先生”说，“我是一名90后，有一个1岁的孩子，我和妻子当前都在上班，岳父母年纪已经大了，不具备在家带娃的条件。我和妻子因为工作的事情，没办法全天候照顾孩子，放到托育班进行日托又不放心，怕影响幼儿的成长发育，希望政府提供更放心、更方便的托育服务，进一步减轻当前年轻人的育儿负担”。有关这些方面的，网民提出的建议其实有很多。

Regarding child care, a netizen named "Mr. Cheng" said, "I was born in the 1990s, and now become a parent to a 1-year-old child. My wife and I are both working full-time, and our parents are too old to care for a baby at home. Having to work, my wife and I cannot take care of the baby around the clock. Also, we hesitate about existing day-care centers, for the fear of possible negative impact on the child's growth. We hope the government will provide safer and more convenient child care services to further relieve the burden on young parents." There are actually many suggestions from netizens regarding these issues.

今年李强总理在《政府工作报告》中对于“一老一小”这样网民关注的问题作了积极回应，提出了一系列支持措施。在关爱“一老”方面，我国目前60岁以上老年人达到了3.23亿，占总人口的23%，也就是将近1/4了。随着人口老龄化程度不断加深，养老服务需求快速增长，特别是失能失智老年人照护成为越来越多家庭的刚需。今年的《报告》从扩大普惠养老服务供给、发展农村养老服务、实施中度以上失能老年人养老服务消费补贴项目等多方面作了部署，将进一步优化养老服务供给格局，强化土地、资金、人才等要素支撑，推动养老服务提质增效，更好满足多层次需求。还将通过公建民营、民办公助等方式，规范发展一批高质量高水平的普惠支持型养老机构，规范发展一批连锁化品牌化运营的嵌入式社区养老服务机构，这个政策也可以把一部分民营企业的积极性调动起来。国务院已经明确，“十五五”期间将支持建设2000家县级综合养老服务管理平台，推动乡镇（街道）区域养老服务中心服务覆盖率超过80%，确保基本建成县乡村三级养老服务网络。今年的《报告》还提出，要制定推进银发经济高质量发展的措施，有关部门将推出推进银发经济发展三年行动计划，进一步推进养老事业产业协同发展。

In this year's government work report, Premier Li Qiang gave a positive response to the concerns of Chinese netizens such as elderly and child care, proposing a series of supporting measures. Regarding elderly care, the number of Chinese people aged 60 and above has currently reached 323 million, accounting for 23% of the country's total population, nearly one quarter. As the problem of population aging becomes more serious, the demand for elderly care services is growing rapidly, especially care for functionally impaired elderly people, which is becoming a rigid need for more and more families. This year's government work report set forth plans for increasing the supply of public-interest elderly care services, improving elderly care services in rural areas, and providing elderly care service vouchers to seniors with moderate or more severe functional impairments. These will further improve the supply structure of elderly care services, strengthen the support of land, funds, talent and other factors, enhance the quality and efficiency of elderly care services, and better meet people's diverse needs. We will also regulate the development of a batch of high-quality, high-level public-interest supportive elderly care institutions, as well as a batch of chain-operated community-embedded elderly care brands, under models like "publicly built, privately operated" or "privately run, publicly sponsored." This will keep some private enterprises motivated. The State Council has made it clear that in the 15th Five-Year Plan period, China will support the construction of 2,000 county-level comprehensive elderly care service management platforms, promote the coverage rate of regional elderly care service centers to exceed 80% in townships and urban sub-districts, and put in place a three-tiered elderly care service network at the levels of county, township and village. This year's report also proposed to draw up measures to promote high-quality development of the silver economy. Next, relevant departments will launch a three-year action plan to advance the development of the silver economy, further promoting coordinated development of elderly care programs and industries.

在呵护“一小”方面，今年的《报告》主要围绕降低“三育”成本提出要求。“三育”是什么呢？就是生育、养育、教育。这“三育”的成本怎么降低，是今年的重点。去年《报告》部署了发放育儿补贴这一“真金白银”的政策，惠及3000多万婴幼儿。今年，中央财政安排近1000亿元育儿补贴补助资金，还将进一步优化申请和审核流程，推动实现随生随申随得。今年还将深入开展托育服务补助示范试点，发展普惠托育和托幼一体化服务，全国将新增普惠托位15万个。此外，今年《报告》还从生育假、生育保险、住房保障等多方面对呵护“一小”作出部署，就是希望让生娃养娃更安心、更舒心。谢谢。

Regarding child care, this year's report laid out requirements for lowering "three costs." What are the "three costs"? They are the costs of childbirth, child-rearing and education. How to lower the "three costs" becomes a focus in this year's report. Last year's government work report set forth a policy to distribute child care subsidies, which had benefited more than 30 million infants. This year, the central government has allocated nearly 100 billion yuan in child care subsidy funds. The application and review procedures will be further streamlined to ensure that families receive subsidies upon application, as soon as their babies are born. This year, we will also expand demonstrations and trials for subsidized child care services, and provide support for public-interest child care services and integrated nursery and child care services. The country will create 150,000 new public-interest child care slots nationwide. This year's report also made many other arrangements regarding child care, such as parental leave, maternity insurance, and housing support. The aim is to make having and raising children more secure and pleasant. Thank you.

香港南华早报记者:

South China Morning Post:

2025年全年CPI与上年持平，今年涨幅预期目标定在2%左右，请问主要考虑是什么？政策上会采取哪些措施推动物价温和回升？

In 2025, China's consumer price index (CPI) was in line with that of the previous year, and the country has set its 2026 CPI growth target at around 2%. What are the main considerations? What policies and measures will be taken to promote a moderate rebound in prices?

沈丹阳:

Shen Danyang:

有关价格方面的问题，还是请陈昌盛先生来回答。

Regarding prices, let's have Mr. Chen answer your questions.

陈昌盛:

Chen Changsheng:

谢谢你的提问。针对一段时间以来物价走低的问题，其实我们一直在采取有关政策，去年在扩大内需、优化供给和综合整治“内卷”等方面已经采取了一些措施，目前看来应该说起了一些效果。如果观察2025年整个价格走势数据，会发现，CPI是在逐渐回稳，PPI降幅是明显收窄的，更综合的GDP平减指数也是在改善的，说明价格势头是在改善。

Thank you for your questions. In fact, we have already been implementing relevant policies to address the declining prices for some time. Last year, we adopted some measures in expanding domestic demand, improving supply, and curbing involution-style competition comprehensively. These efforts have achieved some results so far. If you look at the overall price data for 2025, you will find that CPI has gradually stabilized, the decline in the producer price index (PPI) has obviously narrowed, and the more comprehensive GDP deflator has also improved, suggesting that price momentum is improving.

今年继续设2%左右的物价涨幅目标，我想，这既考虑了引导预期的需要，也考虑了现实的可能，体现了对物价问题的重视。《报告》里面除了对于目标的表述，还有两句重要的话，一句是“通过改善总供求关系，推动价格总水平由负转正、消费价格合理温和回升，促进经济良性循环”；第二句是“把促进经济稳定增长、物价合理回升作为货币政策的重要考量”，这是放在货币政策部分。怎么理解这个目标和这两句重要的表述？我觉得至少有三层含义。

This year, we continue to set the CPI growth target at around 2%. I think this approach considers both the need to guide public expectations and the realistic possibilities, demonstrating emphasis given on the price issue. Apart from the CPI growth target, there are also two important statements in this year's government work report. The first sentence is "By better balancing total supply and demand, we will steer general price levels back into positive territory and produce a reasonable, modest rebound in consumer prices to facilitate a virtuous cycle in the economy." And the second is stated in the monetary policy section, saying "Promoting steady economic growth and an appropriate rebound in prices are key considerations underpinning our monetary policy." How should we interpret this target and these two important statements? I think they carry at least three layers of meaning.

第一层，这里面提到了两个价格，一个是价格总水平，一个是消费价格。第一个是更综合的，比如通常用GDP平减指数来衡量，它既涵盖了消费，也有投资，还包括生产。另外一个是大家熟悉的CPI。

First, the term "price" appears twice in the relevant statement. The first mention refers to the overall price level, a comprehensive measure usually captured by the GDP deflator, which covers consumption, investment and production. The second refers to the consumer price, commonly known as the consumer price index (CPI).

第二层，强调了实现这个目标的方式。第一个是强调要改善总供求关系，第二个是要发挥货币政策作用，突出总量管理。所以说明在推动这个过程中，更重要的是一个总需求、总量的管理手段，而不是微观的一种干预手段。

Second, the report highlights the approach to achieving this goal. On the one hand, it emphasizes improving the balance between aggregate supply and demand. On the other hand, it stresses the need to fully leverage monetary policy and strengthen aggregate management. In pursuing this goal, greater importance is placed on managing aggregate demand at the macro level rather than relying on micro-level interventions.

第三层，怎么来看这个目标。大家知道，从微观角度或者从每位消费者的角度，当然价格低一点，我们肯定是欢迎的，这样有限的收入就可以买到更多的东西，买东西更便宜。但是如果这个价格总是走低的话，就会产生问题，就会有不少商家东西就卖不出去了，然后企业就会减少投资，就会减少雇人。这样作为消费者，同时又是劳动者，就有就业的压力、增收的压力。

Third, how should this goal be understood? From a microeconomic perspective, or from the standpoint of individual consumers, lower prices are naturally welcome, as they allow people to buy more goods with the same limited income. However, if prices continue to decline for a prolonged period, problems may arise. Many businesses may find it difficult to sell their products, leading companies to cut investment and reduce hiring. In such circumstances, consumers, who are also workers, will face growing pressure on employment and income growth.

所以，这个目标强调要从宏观上去发力，促进价格总水平的提高，努力促进名义GDP增速高于实际GDP，促进PPI的稳步回升、改善企业的利润，促进消费价格的合理温和回升。在促进更好地就业增收的同时，使得居民最基本的生活消费品价格相对稳定，最终要达到促进经济良性循环的目的。所以它是这样一个政策逻辑。

Therefore, the goal highlights the need for policy efforts at the macro level. It aims to promote an increase in the general price level, ensure that nominal GDP grows faster than real GDP and facilitate a steady rebound in the producer price index (PPI), thereby improving corporate profitability and promoting a moderate and reasonable rise in consumer prices. It seeks to support stronger employment and income growth while keeping the prices of essential consumer goods relatively stable. These measures are ultimately intended to foster a virtuous cycle in the economy. This reflects the underlying policy logic behind the goal.

当然这个事很复杂，所以需要一揽子的政策。一个方面，通过更加积极有为的宏观政策来扩内需，提振消费，扩大有效投资，使得这个总需求能够合理增长。第二方面，继续深化供给侧改革尤其“内卷”的治理，比如通过产能控制、标准引领、价格治理，尤其是标准引领。我们现在有很多产品技术迭代很快，技术已经升级好几代了，但是还在用很落后的技术在生产，标准的升级会使优质产品扩大供给，落后产品就会退出，这样可以让企业用更多精力去“卷”产品的品质，而不是“卷”价格。

Of course, the issue is complex and requires a package of policy measures. First, more proactive macroeconomic policies should be adopted to expand domestic demand, boost consumption and increase effective investment, so that aggregate demand can grow at a reasonable pace. Second, supply-side reform should continue, particularly efforts to address rat race competition. This includes measures such as controlling production capacity, strengthening standards-based guidance, and improving price governance, with a particular emphasis on standards. In many industries, technologies have advanced through several generations, yet some producers still rely on outdated technologies. Upgrading standards will help expand the supply of quality products while phasing out outdated ones. As a result, enterprises will devote more efforts to improving product quality rather than engaging in excessive price competition.

另外，要促进资产价格的回稳。要保持资本市场健康发展，还要努力促进房地产市场的回稳，使得居民和企业的资产负债表进一步修复，这样投资和消费的行为会更通畅。

Another priority is to promote the stabilization of asset prices. This involves maintaining the healthy development of the capital market and working to stabilize the real estate market. These efforts will help further repair the balance sheets of households and enterprises, thereby creating better conditions for consumption and investment.

还有一个方面，推进一些重要领域的改革，特别是价格的改革。现在很多领域其实是有供给的，但是价格机制不顺的话，整个商业模式没法跑通，优质的供给就会不足或者短缺，也抑制了消费。

In addition, reforms should be advanced in several key areas, particularly price reform. In many sectors, supply is actually available. However, if the pricing mechanism does not function properly, business models cannot operate effectively. As a result, the supply of quality products may remain insufficient, which in turn suppresses consumption.

总之，希望通过采取一系列措施，使得价格目标得以实现。进而使得“三个口袋”都有所改善，就是居民就业增收改善、企业利润有所改善、政府财政状况有所改善。谢谢。

In short, through a series of policy measures, the aim is to achieve the price targets and improve what are often referred to as the "three pockets" — better employment and income for households, improved profitability for enterprises, and a stronger fiscal position for the country. Thank you.

每日经济新闻记者:

National Business Daily:

当前投资下行压力较大，去年的中央经济工作会议明确提出“推动投资止跌回稳”。您能否介绍一下今年《政府工作报告》提出的各项稳投资的措施？谢谢。

Currently, there is considerable downward pressure on investment, and last year's Central Economic Work Conference clearly called for "halting the decline in investment and promoting its stabilization." Could you please introduce the measures proposed in this year's government work report to stabilize investment? Thank you.

陈昌盛:

Chen Changsheng:

谢谢您的问题。大家认为投资是快变量，所以关注度很高。固定资产投资的下行，确实引起了大家的重视。作为今年宏观调控重点之一，中央经济工作会议提出推动投资止跌回稳。从我们国家的发展阶段来看，随着经济结构的调整、房地产的调整，一些传统基础设施基本完善，整个投资阶段性有所放缓。但是这个过程中也要看到，我们的投资结构也在优化，房地产投资不好的同时，其实还是有不少方面的投资是不错的，尤其是新兴产业。比如，去年的信息服务业方面投资就增长了28.4%，航空航天器及设备制造业投资增长16.9%。在这个过程中，我们要看到新一轮投资潜力会打开，比如我们的国家水网、新一轮电网、新一代通信网、算力网，这些都会带动很大的投资，城市更新需求也很大。另外，今年要实施的服务业扩能提质行动，新兴产业发展壮大，也会为民间投资打开空间。还有一些新的值得关注的，比如这两年《政府工作报告》反复强调的投资于人、服务于民生，人力资本方面的投资，以及数字资产、知识产权等方面无形资产的投资，其实也在快速打开空间。观察很多发达国家，这类的投资增长潜力是非常大的。

Thank you for your question. Investment is generally regarded as a highly volatile variable and therefore receives close attention. The slowdown in fixed-asset investment has indeed attracted widespread attention. As one of the key priorities of macroeconomic regulation this year, the Central Economic Work Conference called for efforts to stabilize investment and halt its decline. Given China's current stage of development, investment growth has moderated as the economic structure adjusts, the real estate sector undergoes adjustment, and much of the traditional infrastructure has already largely been completed. At the same time, it is important to note that the structure of investment is improving. While real estate investment has weakened, investment in many other sectors, particularly emerging industries, has remained robust. For example, investment in the information services sector grew by 28.4% last year, while investment in aerospace and equipment manufacturing rose by 16.9%. In this process, it is also important to recognize that a new round of investment potential is emerging. Major initiatives such as the national water network, a new round of power grid upgrades, next-generation communications networks, and computing power networks will all drive substantial investment. Demand for urban renewal is also considerable. In addition, this year's campaign to expand capacity and improve quality in the service sector, along with the continued growth of emerging industries, will create new opportunities for private investment. Other areas are also worth noting. In the past two years, the government work report has repeatedly emphasized investing in people and the raising of living standards. At the same time, investment in intangible assets, such as digital assets and intellectual property, is also expanding rapidly. Experience from many developed countries shows that these types of investment have enormous growth potential.

具体看，稳投资主要从以下三个方面去抓。一方面是要充分发挥政府资金的引导和重大项目牵引作用。你们如果仔细看《报告》，再算《报告》公布的一些数，今年包括中央预算内投资、“两重”建设、地方政府专项债券、设备更新等方面，政府投资资金会超过5万亿元，如果再加上地方的配套资金，规模是很大的，所以带动作用是值得期待的。

Specifically, stabilizing investment will be advanced mainly from the following three aspects. First, we will fully leverage the guiding role of government funds and the driving force of major projects. A close review of the government work report and its announced figures shows that this year's government investment funds — including central budgetary investments, implementation of major national strategies and enhancement of security capacity in key areas, local government special bonds, and equipment upgrades — will exceed 5 trillion yuan. Combined with local matching funds, the total scale is substantial, and its driving effect is highly anticipated.

还有一块是重大项目牵引。大家知道今年是“十五五”开局之年，纲要（草案）里已经谋划了109个重大项目，将坚持“资金跟着项目走”。现在有些资金找项目困难，但这些项目都已经谋划好了，是成熟的重大项目，所以也会产生很大的牵引作用。

The second pillar is the driving force of major projects. As you know, this year marks the start of the 15th Five-Year Plan period (2026-30), and the draft Outline has already mapped out 109 major projects, adhering to the principle that "funds follow projects." While some funds are struggling to find suitable projects, these major projects are well-planned and mature, and will therefore exert a strong pulling effect.

第二块是努力促进场景开放来激活投资。各位记者经常在地方跑，我们也到地方调研，发现这两年有一些变化，以往到地方调研，企业提的都是一些政策资金方面的呼吁，最近两年调研，他会说，政府能不能想办法多开放场景。开放场景对企业来说是很急迫的。《报告》也对这方面做了部署。一是传统场景方面，完善民企参与重大项目建设的长效机制，比如参与铁路、水利、能源这些项目，有更多的项目向他们开放。有些地方政府已经在贯彻落实，他们在地方政府工作报告里已经提出，将核电、海上风电这些项目向民间资本开放，而且规定了最低参股比例。还有一些新兴场景的开放，比如《报告》里提到的生物医药、航空航天、低空经济等很多场景要打开，也是重要的新兴领域，可以成长为支柱产业。比如低空经济，这两年发展就很快，在一些农林植保、巡查勘察领域已经用得很好了。所以，下一步要加快空域资源的开放和低空经济飞行审批程序的优化简化，去打开场景，使得很多地方低空物流、城市治理这些场景都可以打开，这样的新场景还有很多，包括服务机器人等，这些也可以为民间投资打开新的空间。

Second, we will step up efforts to make scenarios more accessible to stimulate investment. You reporters often travel to localities, and we also conduct local research. We have observed some changes in recent years. In the past, during our research visits, enterprises mainly appealed for policy and financial support. In recent years, they have increasingly urged for the government to accelerate the openness of scenarios. Accelerating the openness of scenarios is a pressing demand for businesses. The Government Work Report also made arrangements in this regard. On the one hand, regarding traditional scenarios, we will improve the long-term mechanism for private enterprises to participate in the construction of major projects, such as railways, water conservancy, and energy projects, with more opportunities opening to them. Some local governments are already putting the policy into action. In their local government work reports, they have proposed opening projects such as nuclear power and offshore wind power to private capital and set minimum shareholding ratios. On the other hand, we will accelerate the openness of application scenarios in emerging fields, including biomedicine, aerospace, and the low-altitude economy as highlighted in the Government Work Report. —These are key emerging fields with the potential to become pillar industries. For example, the low-altitude economy has seen rapid growth in recent years, with mature applications already established in areas like agricultural and forestry plant protection and inspection and surveying. Therefore, the next step is to speed up the opening of airspace resources and streamline low-altitude flight approvals This will unlock more application scenarios for low-altitude logistics and urban governance. These new scenarios, along with service robots, are set to open up new opportunities for private investment.

第三块，就是要通过深化改革来激活释放投资潜力。比如，要优化放宽服务业准入，明确规定除了环保和卫生等方面的要求外，不得再违规设置其他的禁止性条款。另外大家也会看到，今年会加快招投标法和政府采购法的修订，这对民间投资和中小企业跨区域投资都有影响，会给很多企业打开投资空间，带来更多公平的竞争机会。还会推进一些价格改革，使企业在商业上盈亏能够做得平，打破一些隐性壁垒，使得后期要素获取更公平。通过这些改革，激发民间投资的活力。希望通过这一系列的措施，使今年投资能够出现积极的变化。谢谢。

Third, we will deepen reforms to unlock investment potential. For example, we will both optimize and relax market access in the service sector, making it clear that apart from requirements related to environmental protection and public health, no other restrictive clauses may be set in violation of regulations. In addition, we will accelerate the revision of the Bidding Law and the Government Procurement Law this year, which will benefit private investment and facilitate cross-regional investment for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), unlocking new investment opportunities for businesses and ensuring fairer competition. We will also push forward price reforms to help enterprises to achieve commercial viability, while dismantling hidden barriers to ensure more equitable access to production factors down the line. All these reforms are designed to invigorate private investment. We hope that these measures will bring about positive changes in investment this year. Thank you.

封面新闻记者:

Cover News:

今年《政府工作报告》专门有一段对扩能提质服务业作出了部署，能否详细解读一下这是出于什么考虑？将会推出哪些政策来促进服务业的发展？谢谢。

The Government Work Report for this year includes a dedicated section on enhancing the capacity and quality of the service sector. In light of this, could you elaborate on the considerations behind this focus? What policies will be introduced to promote the development of the service sector? Thank you.

沈丹阳:

Shen Danyang:

好，我来回答这个问题。近些年，我们国家的服务业快速发展，但是无论从国际比较来看，还是从我国发展趋势来看，我国服务业发展的能级、质效都还不够高，还有很大的潜力可挖。比如，当前人工智能技术呈现广泛应用趋势，像“村BA”、“苏超”等文旅体融合的创新模式越来越丰富，越来越多的新型服务业产业形态将成为经济新增长点和就业“蓄水池”。再比如，根据相关研究机构提供的数据，软件和信息技术服务业增加值未来五年年均增速可望达到12%左右，产生大约5.6万亿元的增量，仅人工智能应用服务市场规模就有可能达到8000亿元以上。

I'll answer this question. In recent years, China's service sector has developed rapidly. However, both from an international perspective and in light of domestic development trends, the sector's capacity, quality, and efficiency remain insufficient, leaving significant potential to be tapped. For example, with the widespread application of artificial intelligence technologies innovative models integrating culture, tourism, and sports, such as the Village Basketball Association and Jiangsu Football City League, are becoming increasingly diverse. An increasing number of emerging types of service models will become new growth drivers and a major source of employment. Another example is the software and information technology services sector. Data from relevant research institutions indicate that the value added in this sector is projected to grow at an average annual rate of around 12% over the next five years. This growth could generate an additional 5.6 trillion yuan in value, with the market for artificial intelligence application services alone expected to surpass 800 billion yuan.

服务业发展的市场机会很多，发展趋势大家都看好，但光这样还不行，还需要政策的有效引导，以及政府的大力促进，其中的关键就是要推动服务业“扩能提质”。这就是今年《政府工作报告》在服务业方面提出的要采取的措施。那么怎么理解这个“扩能提质”呢？“扩能”就是要提升发展能级，重点是扩大优质服务供给、扩大优质经营主体，解决“供给接不住需求”的问题。“提质”就是提高发展质效，提升专业化、标准化、附加值，避免低效、同质化竞争，促进服务业高质量发展。

While there are abundant market opportunities for the development of the service sector and promising development trends, these alone are not enough. Effective policy guidance and strong government support are essential, and the key is to enhance the capacity and quality of the service sector. These are the measures proposed in this year's Government Work Report for the service sector. So, how should we understand the goal of "enhancing the capacity and quality?" "Enhancing the capacity" refers to bolstering development capacity, with a focus on increasing the supply of high-quality services and fostering more competitive business entities. This aims to bridge the gap between supply and demand. "Enhancing the quality" is about improving development quality and efficiency. It aims to boost professionalism, standardization, and added value, avoid inefficient and homogenous competition, and ultimately promote the high-quality development of the service sector.

具体怎么做？大家研究认为，不能眉毛胡子一把抓，而是要针对不同类型服务业的特点，明确差异化的发展方向。从领域来说，重点是两大方面，一个方面是“分领域推进生产性服务业向专业化和价值链高端延伸”，今年的《报告》提出“深化先进制造业和现代服务业融合发展试点”，就体现了这方面的要求。另一个方面是“促进生活性服务业高品质、多样化、便利化发展”，今年将结合投资于人要求，聚焦供需矛盾突出领域，围绕消费升级方向，支持增加改善性服务供给，更好满足多样化民生需求。刚才昌盛先生讲的投资的问题，这几个服务业发展的领域也有大量的投资机会。

How to do this specifically? It is believed that we should not take a one-size-fits-all approach, but instead clarify differentiated development directions tailored to the characteristics of different types of service sectors. From the perspective of sectors, the focus is on two main areas. One is to "ensure that producer services in different sectors become more specialized and move toward the higher end of the value chain". This year's Report proposed to "press ahead with trials to promote integrated development of advanced manufacturing and modern services," which reflects this requirement. The other is "boost the quality, diversity, and accessibility of consumer services". This year, in line with the requirement of investing in people, efforts will focus on sectors where supply–demand imbalances are most acute, supporting the expansion of better-quality services geared toward consumption upgrading, so as to better meet the diverse needs of the people. Just now, Mr. Chen talked about investment. These areas of service-sector development also present abundant investment opportunities.

从政策举措来说，有三个重点。一是支持技术赋能，注重解决技术和场景应用问题，推动高附加值、创新型服务业发展。比如，支持人工智能在信息技术服务、人力资源服务、文旅体商融合等方面的应用，要有一些这方面的支持措施。二是提供政策保障。主要是应用财政金融和要素保障等政策手段给予支持，并进一步健全完善服务业标准体系。三是推进改革开放，进一步破除制约服务业发展的体制机制障碍，大力发展服务贸易，有序推进服务市场开放，等等。谢谢。

In terms of policy measures, there are three priorities. The first is to support technology empowerment, focusing on addressing technology and scenario application problems, and promoting the development of high-value-added, innovative service industries. For example, we'll support the application of artificial intelligence in information technology services, human resources services, and the integration of culture, tourism, sports, and commerce. Some supportive measures will be introduced in this regard. The second is to provide policy support. This mainly involves using fiscal, financial, and factor-guarantee policy tools to provide support, and further improving the standards system for the service sector. The third is to advance reform and opening up. This involves further removing institutional and mechanism barriers that constrain the development of the service sector, vigorously developing trade in services, and promoting the orderly opening up of the service market. Thank you.

深圳卫视直新闻记者:

Zhinews of Shenzhen Satellite TV:

当前“人工智能+”正与生产生活加速融合，《政府工作报告》已经连续3年对“人工智能+”作出部署，这其中有什么考虑？今年提出深化拓展“人工智能+”，将采取哪些新的措施？谢谢。

Currently, the AI Plus Initiative is accelerating its integration with production and everyday life. The Government Work Report has made arrangements for the AI Plus Initiative for three consecutive years. What considerations are behind this? This year's Report proposes to advance and expand the AI Plus Initiative. What new measures will be taken? Thank you.

陈昌盛:

Chen Changsheng:

谢谢你的提问。这是个非常热的话题。应该说，当前人工智能的迭代真的是日新月异，好多企业说是周迭代，每周都在迭代，应用也在快速拓展。在座的各位，以及广大网民都有切身感受，不光是功夫机器人，现在还有AI购物。春节的时候，我也用AI生成了拜年视频，发给我的父母，估计很多人也做了。春节假期期间，全国的Token（词元）调用量呈现指数增长，应用很多。可以说，现在人工智能技术正在从“数字屏幕”走向“现实世界”，从“会聊天”转为“会办事”。应该说，人工智能正在加速重塑商业模式、生产组织和生产生活方式。李强总理在《政府工作报告》里已经连续3年作出了部署，今年首次提出要打造智能经济新形态，这是个全新的提法，其实就是要抓住人工智能发展的机遇，拓展人工智能赋能千行百业的广度和深度，尽快打开经济增长的新空间，培育新模式、壮大新动能。具体来看，今年《报告》中专门有一段来阐述这个事情，而且在新兴产业方面也有布局，可以从这三个方面来理解。

Thank you for your questions. This is a very hot topic. It is fair to say that today's artificial intelligence is evolving by the day. Many companies talk about weekly iterations, updating on a weekly basis, and applications are rapidly expanding. All of us here, and countless internet users, have experienced this themselves — from kung fu robots to today's AI-driven shopping. During the Spring Festival, I also used AI to generate a New Year greeting video and sent it to my parents. I guess many people did the same. Over the Spring Festival holiday, the nationwide Token (word unit) call volume grew exponentially, with a wide range of applications. It can be said that AI technology is now moving from the "digital screen" to the "real world," shifting from "being able to chat" to "being able to get things done." It should be said that AI is accelerating the reshaping of business models, production organization, and the ways we produce and live. Premier Li Qiang has outlined plans in the Government Work Report for three consecutive years. This year, for the first time, he proposed creating new forms of smart economy. This is a brand-new concept, which is essentially about seizing the opportunities brought by AI development, expanding the breadth and depth of AI empowerment across all sectors, opening up new space for economic growth as quickly as possible, cultivating new models, and strengthening new drivers of growth. Specifically, this year's Report contains a dedicated section explaining this issue, and it also lays out plans for emerging industries. It can be understood from the following three aspects.

一是拓展规模化应用，努力使“人工智能+”加得更快速。比如从硬件和智能终端层面看，要继续实施以旧换新方面的支持政策，使得像AI手机、AI笔记本电脑、AI座舱、智能网联汽车等进一步走进千家万户。从软的层面看，就是要加快智能体的发展，有人认为是智能体的元年来了，所以要加快智能体行业的壮大，发展智能原生新业态。另外，从行业上，就是要加快垂直领域的应用，要建一批中试应用基地，使得AI跟工业、农业、教育、医疗、科技等等垂直领域深度结合、快速推进。从推进方式来说，也是要解决我们长期以来“重硬轻软”的问题，要同等对待，而且要少走过去那种“项目制+私有化”部署的老路子，要支持公共云的发展，支持企业普遍性“上云用数赋智”的工具，使得人工智能应用的“飞轮”能够转得更快。

First, we will expand large-scale applications and strive to speed up the advance of the AI Plus Initiative. For example, in terms of hardware and smart terminals, it is necessary to continue implementing support policies for trade-in programs, so that AI smartphones, AI laptops, AI cockpits, intelligent connected vehicles and other such products can further enter every household. From the software perspective, we should accelerate the development of intelligent agents. Some see this year as the beginning of a new era for intelligent agents, so we should work to scale up the industry and cultivate new business forms empowered by intelligent technologies. In addition, from an industry perspective, it is crucial to accelerate vertical applications by building a batch of pilot application bases, so that AI can be deeply and rapidly integrated with vertical fields such as industry, agriculture, education, healthcare, and technology. In terms of the approach to advancement, we need to address our long-standing tendency to value hardware over software, and treat the two equally. We should also avoid the old approach of "project-based + privatized" deployment. Instead, we should support the development of the public cloud and provide enterprises with universal tools for "cloud adoption, data utilization, and AI empowerment," so that the "flywheel" of artificial intelligence applications can spin faster.

二是深化开源开发。从去年的Deepseek，其实已经看到了开源给我们带来的巨大变化，所以我们要加快开源社区的建设，加快开源数据集、开源工具集的建设，还要对人工智能、大模型、具身智能等，培育一批优质的开源项目。另外，要降低中小企业应用大模型的成本，要鼓励地方搞一些对算力、模型、词元使用量的支持。另外也要打造开源文化，用好国家的人工智能产业投资基金，支持一些AI的创业，使得AI创新创业能够降成本，能够快速发展。

Second, we will deepen open-source development. Since last year, tremendous changes brought by open-source models such as DeepSeek have already become evident. Therefore, we should speed up the building of open-source communities, accelerate the development of open-source datasets and toolkits, and cultivate a batch of high-quality open-source projects in AI, large models and embodied intelligence. In addition, we should reduce the cost of applying large models for SMEs, and encourage local authorities to provide support in terms of computing power, models and token usage. Additionally, we should foster an open-source culture, make good use of the national AI industry investment funds, and support AI startups. This will help lower costs and accelerate the development of AI innovation and entrepreneurship.

三是打牢AI发展的底座。首先要打牢基础设施的底座，现在网上有句话，说AI的尽头是能源，我们要用好我们国家电网体系的优势，进一步实施超大规模的智算集群和算电协同这样的新型基础设施建设，这是从硬件上。从技术上，要进一步支持提升大模型能力和算力能力，多路径多路线布局具身智能、世界模型等等，技术上更开放，多方面去探索。另外，在生态上加快促进“模芯云用”的生态培养，去增强我们全栈式的竞争能力，加快建设人工智能的创新高地，去打造AI的技术、人才等要素汇聚的“强磁场”。

Third, we will consolidate the foundation for AI development. First, foundational infrastructure should be reinforced. There is a saying online nowadays that the ultimate future of AI is energy. We must leverage the strength of our national power grid system and further develop new infrastructure projects on hyper-scale intelligent computing clusters and coordinated development of computing capacity and electricity supply. This is from the perspective of hardware. From a technological standpoint, we will further support the enhancement of large model capabilities and computing power, adopt multiple approaches to develop embodied intelligence, world models and other related technologies. This requires greater openness in technological development and comprehensive exploration across various dimensions. We should accelerate the cultivation of the "model-chip-cloud-application" ecosystem to enhance our forward-looking competitive capabilities, expedite the development of AI innovation hubs to create a strong force to attract AI technologies, talent and other key elements.

总的来说，AI在给我们打开无限的可能，但同时这个过程中，可能也会给我们带来挑战，所以下一步要加快完善人工智能的治理，加强国际的对话与合作，推动人工智能朝着有益、安全、公平的方向发展。我们也期待着AI对新动能成长释放出更大的动力。谢谢。

In summary, AI is opening up infinite possibilities for us, and yet it may also bring us challenges in the process. Therefore, the next step is to accelerate the improvement of AI governance, enhance international dialogue and cooperation, and steer AI toward a beneficial, safe and fair direction. We also anticipate that AI will unleash greater momentum for the emergence of new growth drivers. Thank you.

南方都市报N视频记者:

N Video at Southern Metropolis Daily:

今年《报告》也提出了很多有力度的任务举措，请问如何让这些举措能落地、见成效？谢谢。

This year's government work report also proposed a number of ambitious tasks and measures. What is being done to ensure these measures are implemented and deliver tangible results? Thank you.

沈丹阳:

Shen Danyang:

今天上午总理向十四届全国人大四次会议作了《报告》以后，刚才讲各方面反响非常热烈，评价很高。《报告》好，还要落实好。对于《报告》部署的任务举措，国务院已经建立了推进落实机制，今年将从以下几个方面来抓好落实。

This morning, after Premier Li delivered the report to the fourth session of the 14th NPC, as mentioned earlier, the document has received extremely enthusiastic responses and high acclaim from all sectors. A good report requires good implementation. Regarding the tasks and measures laid out in the report, the State Council has already established a mechanism to promote their implementation, while this year the focus will be on the following aspects to ensure their effective execution:

一是细化分工、压实责任。全国两会一结束，国务院将马上召开常务会议，对《报告》确定的重点任务举措进行分工，并召开国务院全体会议进行再动员再部署。其中，很多重要的事项都将列入今年的国务院常务会议、总理办公会议等议题研究。各部门将建立任务台账，进一步细化责任单位、主要举措、完成时限，确保落实一件销号一件。

First, we will refine the division of labor and tighten responsibilities. As soon as the "two sessions" conclude, the State Council will promptly convene an executive meeting to assign responsibilities for the key tasks and measures set out in the report, and hold a plenary meeting for further mobilization and deployment. Specifically, many important issues will be included in the agenda of this year's State Council executive meetings and the premier's office meetings for discussion. All departments will establish task ledgers, further specifying responsible units, main measures and completion deadlines to ensure that each task is implemented and closed one by one.

二是加强调度、强化督查。国务院办公厅将按季度对《报告》部署的重点工作进行对账督办，跟踪调度落实情况。对进度慢的加强重点督查，保障这些工作能够有序推进，能早完成的尽量早完成。

Second, we will strengthen scheduling and boost supervision. The General Office of the State Council will conduct quarterly reconciliations and supervision of the key tasks outlined in the report, tracking the implementation progress. We will intensify supervision on slow-moving tasks to ensure orderly advancement, while encouraging the completion of tasks ahead of schedule whenever possible.

三是加强调研、增强实效。国务院研究室作为《报告》牵头起草单位，将坚持把《报告》落实情况作为调研工作的主线。今年我们将继续围绕推动《报告》落实加强调研，除了集中调研外，还将加强跟踪式调研，注重调研和督查工作的配合，形成推动《报告》落实的闭环，提高实际效果。

Third, we will strengthen research and studies and enhance effectiveness. As the lead drafting unit of the government work report, the State Council Research Office will continue to focus on the implementation of the work report in our research work. This year, we will continue to strengthen research and studies on the implementation of the government work report. In addition to concentrated research, we will also enhance follow-up research, emphasize coordination between research and inspections, form a closed-loop for promoting the implementation of the government work report, and improve actual outcomes.

为更好推动今年《政府工作报告》各项政策举措在全社会的学习领会和贯彻落实，国务院研究室按照惯例组织编写了《辅导读本》《学习问答》和《政策热点面对面》辅导读物，这几本读物即将由人民出版社和中国言实出版社出版。也借这个机会，请各位记者继续加以关注和宣传。谢谢。

To better promote the study, understanding and implementation of various policy measures in this year's government work report across society, the State Council Research Office has, as usual, organized the compilation of the guidebooks "Guided Reader," "Study Q&A" and "Policy Hot Topics Face to Face," which will be published soon by the People's Publishing House and China Yanshi Press. We would also like to take this opportunity to invite all reporters to continue following and publicizing this issue. Thank you.

凤凰卫视记者:

Phoenix TV:

这次的《政府工作报告》提出要促进外资境内再投资、扩大本地化生产，请问这方面有什么具体考虑和举措？另外，下一步在吸引外资方面还会有哪些政策？外商在华投资又有什么样新的机会？谢谢。

This year's government work report proposes promoting foreign-funded enterprises in China to reinvest in China and expand local production. What specific considerations and measures are there in this regard? In addition, what policies will be introduced next to attract foreign investment? And what new opportunities are there for foreign businesses investing in China? Thank you.

沈丹阳:

Shen Danyang:

还是由我来回答这个问题。中国一直高度重视吸引和支持外商在华投资。截至去年底，我国实际利用外资规模连续16年超过7000亿元人民币，稳居全球前列，而且在华投资的外资企业的营业收入、利润总额整体呈增长态势。去年有不少国家和领域外商对华投资大幅度增长，比如瑞士增长了66.8%、英国增长了15.9%，电子商务服务增长了75%、医疗器械增长了42.1%、航空航天增长了22.9%，广东、海南、安徽、山西等省份利用外资增幅都是超过两位数。

I will answer these questions. China has always paid great attention to attracting and supporting foreign investment in the country. As of the end of last year, foreign investment in China in actual use had exceeded 700 billion yuan for 16 consecutive years, remaining among the top globally. Moreover, the revenue and total profits of foreign-funded enterprises in China have generally shown a growth trend. Last year, foreign investment in China from many countries and sectors saw significant increases. For example, Switzerland grew by 66.8%, the United Kingdom grew by 15.9%, e-commerce services grew by 75%, medical devices grew by 42.1%, and aerospace grew by 22.9%. And provinces such as Guangdong, Hainan, Anhui and Shanxi all posted double-digit growth in utilizing foreign investment.

今年《报告》提出促进外资境内再投资、扩大本地化生产，体现了中国政府持续推进高水平对外开放、欢迎跨国公司长期深耕中国的坚定决心与信心。去年，有关部门出台境外投资者以分配利润直接投资税收抵免政策，以及鼓励外资企业境内再投资的若干措施，其中税收抵免政策可以跟之前出台的再投资递延纳税政策叠加享受。这个政策“含金量”很高，深受欢迎。目前，已有不少境外投资者使用了这个政策。

This year's report suggests promoting foreign-funded businesses to reinvest in the country and expand local production, reflecting the Chinese government's firm resolve and confidence in continuously advancing high-standard opening up and welcoming multinational companies to deeply cultivate their business in China over the long term. Last year, relevant departments issued a tax credit policy for overseas investors to directly invest their profits, among measures encouraging foreign enterprises to reinvest in China. The tax credit policy can be enjoyed in combination with the previously issued deferred tax policy for reinvestment. This policy is of high value and has proved very popular. Currently, many international investors have already used this policy.

实际上，我国作为全球资本理想的投资目的地之一，对外资一直有着较强的吸引力。一些外资机构近期对跨国企业的调查显示，九成以上的受访企业将继续在华投资，近七成的企业高管对未来3-5年在中国的发展有信心。中国政府希望通过不断优化投资环境、优化投资政策，进一步扩大外商在华投资的商业机会，进一步增强投资吸引力。从当前的情况看，外商来华投资面临着“四个新的商机”。哪四个呢？第一个商机是超大规模市场的新商机。去年我国社会消费品零售总额首次突破50万亿元，规模居全球零售市场前列。庞大的商品消费市场需要更多的优质供给，外商完全可以在这方面有所作为。第二个商机是服务业发展的新商机。去年，中国居民人均服务性消费支出占比达到了46.1%，并且占比还在不断提升。刚才提到了，今年我国将实施服务业扩能提质行动，扩大服务业市场准入和开放领域，将为包括外资企业在内的各类企业提供源源不断的新商机。第三个商机是创新生态的新商机。中国拥有完整高效的产业链供应链，正在围绕数字经济、绿色低碳等领域构建新的产业生态。近期，许多外资企业加大了在华人工智能、能源等领域的投入，建设启用新的研发中心，说明中国已逐渐成为跨国公司重要的创新枢纽。第四个新商机是开放高地的新商机。今年我国将全面深入实施自贸试验区提升战略，落实国家级经开区高质量发展工作方案。还有前段时间大家比较关注的，也是我曾经工作过多年的海南，海南自贸港全岛封关运作后，也将为外资企业前来从事加工制造和开展更加自由便利的贸易投资，提供更多优惠条件和发展机会。

In fact, as one of the ideal investment destinations for global capital, China has always had a strong appeal to foreign investors. According to recent surveys by some foreign institutions into multinational enterprises, more than 90% of interviewed companies said they will continue investing in China, and nearly 70% of corporate executives have confidence in China's development over the next three to five years. The Chinese government hopes to further expand business opportunities for foreign investment in China and further enhance investment attractiveness through continuously optimizing the investment environment and investment policies. Based on the current situation, foreign investors in China can benefit from four new business opportunities. What are these four business opportunities? The first business opportunity is new opportunities in China's super-sized market. Last year, our retail sales of consumer goods exceeded 50 trillion yuan for the first time, ranking among the top in the global retail market in scale. The huge consumer goods market needs more high-quality supplies, and foreign investors can definitely contribute in this area. The second business opportunity is the new opportunities in the development of the service sector. Last year, the proportion of per capita spending of Chinese residents on services reached 46.1%, and this number is still increasing. As was just mentioned, this year China will implement initiatives to increase supplies and upgrade quality within the service sector, expand market access and open new fields in the service sector, and will provide a consistent source of new opportunities for enterprises of all kinds, including foreign-funded enterprises. The third business opportunity is the new opportunities presented by the innovation ecosystem. China has complete and efficient industrial and supply chains, and is building a new industrial ecosystem focusing on areas such as the digital economy and green and low-carbon development. Recently, many foreign-funded enterprises have increased investment in areas such as AI and energy in China, and built and launched new R&D centers, indicating that China has gradually become an important innovation hub for multinational companies. The fourth new business opportunity is the new opportunities in the pacesetters for opening up. This year, China will deepen the strategy of upgrading pilot free trade zones across the board, and carry out the work plan for high-quality development of state-level economic development zones. Also, there was a topic that many of you were concerned about recently — that is Hainan, somewhere I previously worked for many years. After the implementation of island-wide special customs operations, Hainan will also provide more preferential conditions and development opportunities for foreign-funded enterprises to engage in processing and manufacturing and conduct trade and investment more unimpededly and conveniently.

还有很多机会，主要这几个方面，我给大家作这么一个报告。谢谢！

There are also many other opportunities, but these are the main ones. Thank you.

寿小丽:

Shou Xiaoli:

好，谢谢各位发布人，谢谢各位记者朋友们的参与，今天国新办吹风会就到这里，大家再见！

Thank you to all the speakers and friends from the media for your participation. Today's briefing is hereby concluded. Goodbye.