寿小丽:

Shou Xiaoli:

女士们、先生们，大家下午好！欢迎出席国务院新闻办新闻发布会。今天我们举行“权威部门话开局”系列主题新闻发布会的第25场。我们非常高兴邀请到水利部部长李国英先生，请他为大家介绍扎实推动新阶段水利高质量发展、全面提升国家水安全保障能力有关情况，并回答大家感兴趣的问题。出席今天新闻发布会的还有：水利部规划计划司司长张祥伟先生，农村水利水电司司长陈明忠先生，水旱灾害防御司司长姚文广先生。

Ladies and gentlemen, good afternoon. Welcome to this press conference held by the State Council Information Office (SCIO). This is the 25th briefing in the series "Embarking on the New Journey — A Government Perspective." Today, we have invited Mr. Li Guoying, minister of water resources, to brief you on making solid progress in water management and comprehensively upgrading the country's capacity to ensure national water security, and to take your questions. In addition, we are also joined today by Mr. Zhang Xiangwei, director general of the Department of Planning and Programming of the Ministry of Water Resources (MWR); Mr. Chen Mingzhong, director general of the Department of Rural Water and Hydropower of the MWR; and Mr. Yao Wenguang, director general of the Department of Flood and Drought Disaster Prevention of the MWR.

下面，首先请李国英先生作介绍。

Now, I'll give the floor to Mr. Li for a brief introduction.

李国英:

Li Guoying:

女士们、先生们，媒体朋友们，大家好！非常感谢媒体朋友长期以来对水利事业发展的关注关心和大力支持。

Ladies and gentlemen, friends from the media, good afternoon. I'm very grateful to friends from the media for your long-term concern and strong support for the development of water resources management.

党的二十大对提高防灾减灾救灾能力和统筹水资源、水环境、水生态治理提出明确要求,为新时代新征程水利发展指明了方向、提供了遵循。水利部深入学习贯彻党的二十大精神，认真落实习近平总书记“节水优先、空间均衡、系统治理、两手发力”治水思路和关于治水重要论述精神，扎实推动新阶段水利高质量发展，为全面建设社会主义现代化国家、全面推进中华民族伟大复兴提供有力的水安全保障。

The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) has set forth clear requirements for enhancing disaster prevention, reduction and relief capabilities, as well as coordinating the management of water resources, water environment and water ecology. This has provided guidance and direction for the management of water resources in the new era. The MWR has thoroughly studied and implemented the principles of the 20th CPC National Congress, diligently putting into practice General Secretary Xi Jinping's principles of "prioritizing water conservation, balancing spatial distribution, taking systematic approaches and giving full play to the roles of both government and market" and his important expositions on water management. We have made substantial progress in promoting the high-quality development of water resources management in this new stage. This progress has provided a robust guarantee for water security as we strive to build a modern socialist country and achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

一是全力抓好水旱灾害防御。坚持人民至上、生命至上，始终把保障人民群众生命财产安全放在第一位，锚定“人员不伤亡、水库不垮坝、重要堤防不决口、重要基础设施不受冲击”和确保城乡供水安全的目标，全力以赴应对严重水旱灾害。特别是面对今年海河流域“23•7”流域性特大洪水，逐日滚动分析雨水情形势，强化预报预警预演预案措施，精准调度流域防洪工程体系，84座大中型水库拦蓄洪水28.5亿立方米，河道控制性枢纽有序分泄洪水，8处国家蓄滞洪区最大蓄洪25.3亿立方米，各类水库无一垮坝，重要堤防无一决口，减淹城镇24个，减淹耕地751万亩，避免了462.3万人转移，最大程度保障了人民群众生命财产安全。

First, we have been making every effort to prevent floods and droughts. We prioritize the safety of people's lives and property, with the goal of ensuring "no casualties, no reservoir collapses, no breaches in important embankments and no impact on vital infrastructure." We are fully committed to ensuring the safety of urban and rural water supply and dealing with severe floods and droughts. In particular, during this year's "23-7" super large flood in the Haihe River Basin, we conducted daily analysis of rainfall, strengthened forecasting and warning measures, and effectively managed the basin's flood control engineering system. A total of 84 large and medium-sized reservoirs stored 2.85 billion cubic meters of floodwater. We efficiently managed river systems to disperse floods, utilizing eight national flood storage and detention areas to store an impressive 2.53 billion cubic meters of floodwater. There were no dam collapses or breaches in important embankments. Flooding was reduced in 24 cities and towns, and 7.51 million mu of cultivated land was protected. We were able to avoid the displacement of 4.623 million people, thus ensuring the safety of people's lives and property to the greatest extent possible.

二是实施国家水网重大工程。认真贯彻落实《国家水网建设规划纲要》，着力构建“系统完备、安全可靠，集约高效、绿色智能，循环通畅、调控有序”的国家水网。南水北调中线引江补汉工程、环北部湾水资源配置工程、淮河入海水道二期工程等一批国家水网重大工程加快实施，省市县级水网建设有序推进。开展长江、黄河、淮河、海河、珠江、松花江、辽河、太湖流域防洪规划修编，加快完善由水库、河道及堤防、蓄滞洪区为主要组成的流域防洪工程体系。不断完善农村供水工程体系，因地制宜推动城乡供水一体化、集中供水规模化、小型供水工程规范化建设和管理。今年1—8月，全国水利建设投资落实9856亿元，新开工各类水利项目2.36万个，完成水利建设投资7361亿元，均创历史同期最高纪录，水利项目施工吸纳就业197.1万人，为经济运行回升向好提供了有力支撑。

Second, we have implemented major national water network projects. We are diligently carrying out the Outline of National Water Network Construction Plan and striving to build a comprehensive national water network that is complete, safe, reliable, efficient, green and intelligent, with smooth circulation and orderly regulation. We have accelerated the implementation of several major national water network projects, including the central route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (transferring water from the Danjiangkou Reservoir to Tuancheng Lake in Beijing's Summer Palace), Beibu Gulf Rim Water Resources Allocation Project, and the second phase of the Huaihe River Waterway into the Sea Project. Additionally, we are expediting the construction of water networks at the provincial, municipal and county levels. We are also revising flood control plans for major river basins such as the Yangtze River, Yellow River, Huaihe River, Haihe River, Pearl River, Songhua River, Liaohe River and Taihu Lake. Furthermore, we are enhancing the basin flood control engineering system, which primarily consists of reservoirs, rivers, embankments, and flood storage and detention areas. We are also working to improve rural water supply systems and promote the integration of urban and rural water supply, large-scale centralized water supply, and standardized construction and management of small water supply projects based on local conditions. From January to August this year, China invested a total of 985.6 billion yuan in the construction of water conservancy facilities. We initiated 23,600 new water conservancy projects and invested 736.1 billion yuan in the completion of water conservancy construction, both of which set historical records for the same period. The construction of water conservancy projects created 1.971 million jobs, providing strong support for economic recovery.

三是复苏河湖生态环境。加强河湖生态流量监管，实施河湖生态补水，开展88条母亲河复苏行动。京杭大运河在去年实现百年来首次全线水流贯通的基础上，今年再次实现全线水流贯通。永定河保持全线有水状态。全面开展华北地区和三江平原、辽河平原等10个重点区域地下水超采综合治理，启动实施深层地下水回补工作。全力做好丹江口水库及其上游流域水质安全保障工作，确保南水北调中线工程水质安全。持续推进长江上中游、黄河中上游、东北黑土区等重点区域水土流失治理。

Third, we have been revitalizing the ecological environment of rivers and lakes. We are strengthening the supervision of ecological flow in rivers and lakes, implementing ecological water replenishment measures, and undertaking restoration efforts for 88 key rivers. Building upon the historic reconnection of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal last year after a centurylong hiatus, we have facilitated its reconnection once again this year. The water in the Yongding River continues to flow. We are comprehensively managing the overexploitation of groundwater in North China and 10 key areas, including the Sanjiang Plain and Liaohe Plain. We have also initiated deep groundwater replenishment projects. We are making every effort to ensure the water quality safety of the Danjiangkou Reservoir and its upstream basin, as well as the central route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. Additionally, we are actively promoting water and soil erosion controls in key areas such as the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze and Yellow rivers, and the black soil area in Northeast China.

四是推进数字孪生水利建设。系统建构数字孪生水利体系，完成数字孪生流域、数字孪生水网、数字孪生工程顶层设计，实施94项先行先试任务，推进48处数字孪生灌区建设，在今年水旱灾害防御、水资源优化配置、水生态治理保护中发挥了前瞻性、科学性、安全性决策支持作用。

Fourth, we have stepped up efforts to promote the construction of the digital twin system for water resources management. In a systematic and well-organized manner, we have completed the top-level design of digital twins of river basins, water networks, and the project, carrying out 94 pilot programs and promoting the construction of digital twins of irrigated areas in 48 locations. The system has helped to make predictive, scientific, and safe decisions this year in terms of flood and drought disaster prevention, optimized allocation of water resources, and management and protection of water environments.

五是建立健全节水制度政策。贯彻落实全面节约战略，强化水资源刚性约束，坚持“以水定城、以水定地、以水定人、以水定产”，大力实施国家节水行动，推进农业节水增效、工业节水减排、城镇节水降损，强化用水总量强度双控，加快推进跨省江河水量分配，严格取用水监管，推动长江经济带年用水量1万立方米以上的工业和服务业单位计划用水管理全覆盖、黄河流域实行强制性用水定额管理制度、南水北调东中线工程受水区全面节水，持续提升用水效率和效益。

Fifth, we have set up and improved the water conservation policy system. We have implemented a comprehensive conservation strategy, imposing rigid constraints on water use, and followed the principle of taking water availability as a determining factor in urban and industrial development, agriculture, and population distribution. We have stepped up efforts to carry out nationwide water-saving campaigns to promote water conservation in agriculture, industry, and urban areas in order to raise efficiency, reduce emissions, and cut water losses, respectively. We have made great efforts to control the total amount and intensity of water consumption and accelerated water allocation of rivers and lakes that cross provinces. Supervision and management of water drawing and water use have been strengthened. We have stepped up efforts to ensure that every unit with an annual water consumption of more than 10,000 cubic meters in the Yangtze River Economic Belt has adopted the planned water use management, while the compulsory water quota management system has been adopted in the Yellow River Basin. Moreover, we have ensured that water-receiving areas in the eastern and middle routes of the South-to-North diversion project have adopted the water conservation policy. All these efforts have been helpful in raising water use efficiency and benefits.

六是强化体制机制法治管理。黄河保护法出台，并于今年4月1日起施行。全力抓好长江保护法、黄河保护法学习宣传贯彻，加快配套制度建设。水利部联合最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部、司法部启动河湖安全保护专项执法行动，联合最高人民检察院实施黄河流域水资源保护专项行动。深化水利投融资改革，完善水利工程运行管理矩阵，全面加强河长制、湖长制，强化流域统一规划、统一治理、统一调度、统一管理，全面提升水治理管理能力和水平。

Sixth, we have strengthened management systems and mechanisms according to the law. The Yellow River Protection Law was launched and took effect on April 1 this year. We have also enhanced the study, publicity, and implementation of the Yangtze River Protection Law and the Yellow River Protection Law and stepped up efforts to put follow-up systems in place. The MWR, together with the Supreme People's Court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security, and the Ministry of Justice, launched a special law enforcement campaign to protect rivers and lakes. We have also worked with the Supreme People's Procuratorate to carry out a special campaign to protect water resources in the Yellow River Basin. Moreover, we have deepened the reform of water conservancy investment and financing systems and improved the system to manage the operation of water conservancy projects. More efforts have been made to strengthen the river and lake chief system and enhance the overall planning, regulation, distribution, and management so that we are able to regulate and manage water resources in a better way.

我先介绍这些，下面我和我的同事愿意回答大家关心的问题。谢谢。

That's my introduction. Now, my colleagues and I would like to answer the questions that you're concerned about. Thank you.

寿小丽:

Shou Xiaoli:

谢谢李国英部长的介绍。下面进入提问环节，提问前请通报一下所在的新闻机构。

Thank you, Mr. Li. The floor is now open for questions. Please identify the news outlet you represent before raising your questions.

CGTN记者:

CGTN:

请问水利部在复苏河湖生态环境方面做了哪些工作？有哪些实践和经验可以和大家分享？在接下来的过程中会采取哪些措施，让更多河湖成为人民的幸福河湖？谢谢。

What measures has the MWR adopted to restore the ecological environment of rivers and lakes? Could you please share with us some practices and experiences in this regard? What measures will be put in place to help make more rivers and lakes benefit the people? Thank you.  

李国英:

Li Guoying:

近年来，水利部门贯彻创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的新发展理念，认真践行习近平总书记“节水优先、空间均衡、系统治理、两手发力”治水思路，积极推进江河流域综合治理、系统治理，加快复苏河湖生态环境，维护河湖健康生命。

In recent years, the MWR has implemented the philosophy of innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared development, and resolutely delivered on the guidance of General Secretary Xi Jinping's water management concept of "prioritizing water conservation, balancing spatial distribution, taking systematic approaches, and giving full play to the roles of both government and market." We have also promoted the comprehensive and systematic management of river basins and accelerated our efforts to restore the ecological environment of rivers and lakes, ensuring healthier rivers and lakes.

一是加大对断流河流、萎缩干涸湖泊的修复力度。组织实施华北地区河湖生态补水和京杭大运河贯通补水，2022年补水范围涉及海河流域7个水系的48条（个）河湖，累计生态补水约70亿立方米，华北地区大部分河流实现了有流动的水、有干净的水，使越来越多的河流恢复生命、流域重现生机。京杭大运河实现百年来首次全线水流贯通。开展88条母亲河复苏行动，制定“一河一策”“一湖一策”调度方案，优化配置水资源，恢复河湖连通性，使受损的生态系统得到修复。

First, we have stepped up efforts to restore the rivers that do not flow and lakes that have shrunk or dried up. We have taken steps to replenish rivers and lakes in north China and the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. A total of 48 rivers and lakes spanning seven river systems in the Haihe River Basin were replenished in 2022, with around 7 billion cubic meters of water being replenished. By doing so, most of the rivers in North China are now clean and able to flow freely. More and more rivers are restoring life and regaining vitality. The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal was fully connected for the first time in a century. As many as 88 rivers were restored in the campaign to better protect "mother rivers." We have put in place a river- and lake-targeted distribution policy to optimize the allocation of water resources. All these efforts have been significant in recovering connectivity between rivers and lakes and restoring damaged ecosystems as well.

二是保障河湖生态流量。确定171条跨省重点河湖、415条省内河湖生态流量保障目标，通过采取江河流域水资源统一调度、严格取用水总量控制、强化动态监测预警、严格监督考核等措施，抓好生态流量目标落实。2022年全国重点河湖生态流量达标率超90%，全国4.1万多座小水电站基本达到“应泄尽泄、应测尽测”，对恢复河流连通性、复苏河湖生态环境发挥了重要作用。

Second, we have made great efforts to ensure the ecological flow of rivers and lakes. We have set up ecological flow targets for 171 major cross-provincial rivers and lakes, as well as those for 415 intro-provincial rivers and lakes. Given this, we have adopted a series of measures, including a unified distribution of water resources in the river and lake basins, strict control of the total amount of water drawing and water use, enhanced dynamic monitoring and early warning systems, and strict supervision and assessment in order to ensure all the aforementioned targets can be realized. In 2022, over 90% of the key rivers and lakes nationwide realized their ecological flow target, and more than 41,000 small hydro-power stations in the country basically followed the principles of "releasing and monitoring waters according to water level measurement results." All these practices have played an important role in restoring river connectivity and reviving the ecological environment of rivers and lakes.

三是加强河湖管理保护。强化河长制、湖长制责任体系，明确省、市、县、乡四级河湖长30万名，村级河湖长90万名，全面建立七大流域省级河湖长联席会议机制，加强流域统一规划、统一治理、统一调度、统一管理，构建上下游、左右岸、干支流协调联动的河湖管理保护格局。严格河湖水域岸线空间管控，规范河湖采砂管理，充分运用卫星遥感、无人机等技术手段，强化河湖日常监管和巡查管护，不断提高河湖监管质效。2022年，清理整治河湖乱占、乱采、乱堆、乱建等问题2.9万个，河湖行洪蓄洪能力得到提升，河湖面貌持续改善。

Third, we have made more efforts to manage and protect rivers and lakes. We have strengthened the river-and-lake-chief responsibility system. We have appointed 300,000 river and lake chiefs at the levels of provinces, municipalities, counties, and townships, while at the village level, as many as 900,000 river and lake chiefs have been appointed. A joint meeting mechanism for river and lake chiefs at the provincial level over the seven major river basins have been set up, and we have enhanced the overall planning, regulation, distribution, and management of these areas. By doing so, we are able to establish a management and protection system for rivers and lakes featuring a coordinated synergy between upstream and downstream areas, left and right banks, as well as trunks and tributaries. We have tightened the control over shoreline space around the rivers and lakes and regulated the management of river and lake sand mining. We have taken advantage of such technologies as satellite remote sensing and drones to strengthen daily supervision and patrol, which will improve the efficiency of supervision over rivers and lakes. In 2022, we rectified 29,000 problems related to rivers and lakes, including indiscriminate occupation, unauthorized excavation, inappropriate dumping, and unlawful construction. These efforts have improved flood carrying and storage capacities of rivers and lakes. The environment and ecosystems of rivers and lakes have been improved as well.

四是加快地下水超采治理。加快地下水取水总量和水位双控指标确定，严控地下水开发强度。采取“节、换、控、补、管”等措施，持续推进华北地区地下水超采综合治理，完善地下水变化通报机制，强化地下水监管。2022年，京津冀地区地下水开采量较2018年减少约40亿立方米，压减地下水超采量26亿立方米，地下水供水占比由2018年的51%下降至35%，治理区地下水水位实现了总体回升。

Fourth, we have expedited our approach to addressing the overexploitation of groundwater. We have expedited the establishment of dual control indicators for the total amount of groundwater extraction and the water level, ensuring strict control over the intensity of groundwater exploitation. Using measures such as "reducing, replacing, controlling, replenishing, and managing," we continuously promote the comprehensive treatment of excessive groundwater extraction in northern China. We have improved the mechanism for reporting changes in groundwater and strengthened our groundwater supervision. In 2022, the amount of groundwater extracted in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region decreased by about 4 billion cubic meters compared to 2018. This led to a reduction in excessive groundwater extraction by 2.6 billion cubic meters. The proportion of groundwater supply decreased to 35% from 51% in 2018. Consequently, the groundwater level in the treatment area has achieved an overall recovery.

五是科学推进水土流失综合治理。通过加强水土流失预防保护、依法严格人为水土流失监管、加快推进水土流失重点治理等措施，持续改善全国水土流失状况，稳步提升生态系统质量和稳定性。2022年全国水土流失面积下降到265.34万平方公里，较2018年减少8.35万平方公里。

Fifth, we have promoted comprehensive control of soil erosion. Through measures such as strengthening the prevention of soil erosion, strictly regulating human-induced soil erosion in accordance with the law, and accelerating the treatment of soil erosion in key areas, we have made steady progress in controlling soil erosion nationwide and have steadily improved the quality and stability of the ecosystem. The country's soil erosion area was reduced to 2.6534 million square kilometers in 2022, a decrease of 83,500 square kilometers compared to 2018.

下一步，水利部将继续抓好母亲河复苏行动、河湖生态保护修复、地下水超采综合治理、水土流失综合治理等重点任务落实，维护河湖健康生命，努力实现河湖功能永续利用。谢谢。

In subsequent phases, the MWR will persist in promoting the execution of crucial tasks. These include the rejuvenation of the "mother rivers," ecological preservation and restoration of rivers and lakes, comprehensive mitigation of groundwater overexploitation, and all-encompassing soil erosion control. Our goal is to ensure the health of rivers and lakes and work towards their sustainable utilization. Thank you.

彭博新闻社记者:

Bloomberg:

尽管近年来采取了很多减缓措施，中国近年来仍然遭受了较多较严重的洪涝灾害。随着气候变化不断推进，极端天气情况会越来越多地发生。请问，中方采取了哪些新的举措来保证人民生命财产安全、国民经济以及农业等产业不受洪涝灾害的影响？

Despite existing mitigation efforts, China was struck by severe flooding again this year. Climate change promises to bring more extreme weather in years to come. What new and enhanced measures is China taking to protect its people and prevent flood damage to its economy, including sectors like agriculture? Thank you.

李国英:

Li Guoying:

感谢您对中国洪涝灾害防御的高度关注，特别是今年海河流域发生了1963年以来最大的流域性洪水，您的问题我想请水利部防御司司长姚文广同志来具体回答。

Thank you for your attention to China's flood disaster prevention. This year, the Haihe River Basin experienced the worst basin-wide flood since 1963. I would like to invite Mr. Yao to answer your question.

姚文广:

Yao Wenguang:

谢谢记者朋友提问。自古以来，中国的基本水情一直是夏汛冬枯、北缺南丰，水资源时空分布极不均衡，水旱灾害多发频发重发。因此，兴水利、除水害，一直都是涉及国家长治久安的大事要事。在应对历次洪涝灾害和干旱灾害中，我们始终坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，落实各项防御措施。近年来，我们战胜了黄河1949年以来历史罕见的秋汛，战胜了长江中下游自1961年以来最严重的气象水文干旱，特别是在今年汛期，面对海河流域1963年以来最大场次洪水，水利部门坚持人民至上、生命至上，始终把保障人民群众生命财产安全放在第一位，锚定“人员不伤亡、水库不垮坝、重要堤防不决口、重要基础设施不受冲击”的目标，坚持做到守土有责、守土负责、守土尽责，以“时时放心不下”的责任感，抓实抓细各项防御措施，在历次防御中取得了重大的胜利。

Thank you for your question. Since ancient times, China's fundamental water situation has been marked by summer floods and winter droughts, with a scarcity of water in the north and an abundance in the south. Water resources are extremely unevenly distributed, both temporally and spatially. Water-related disasters, such as floods and droughts, are frequent. As a result, the development of water conservancy and flood disaster prevention has always been crucial for the country's security and stability. In addressing various flood and drought disasters, we have consistently adopted a people-centered development philosophy and implemented a range of preventative measures. In recent years, we have managed challenges like autumn floods on a rarely seen scale of the Yellow River since 1949 and the most severe meteorological and hydrological drought in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River since 1961. Especially during this year's flood season, when faced with the worst flood in the Haihe River Basin since 1963, the water conservancy departments prioritized the safety of people, emphasizing the importance of life and property. Aiming for "no casualties, no dam collapses, no breaches in vital embankments, and no impact on key infrastructure," we have fulfilled our responsibilities and carried out preventive measures with meticulous care. Through these efforts, we have achieved commendable results in disaster prevention and mitigation.

一是超前会商部署。在洪水发生发展和防御洪水过程中，将会商研判意见、调度指令直达防汛一线和抗旱一线，今年在应对海河流域性特大洪水中，水利部于7月28日启动京津冀洪水防御Ⅲ级应急响应，30日提升至Ⅱ级应急响应，派出26个工作组分赴京津冀防汛一线指导防御工作。

First, we have carried out consultations and deployments in advance. During the occurrence and development of floods and the process of prevention and protection, consultation opinions and dispatch instructions are sent directly to the frontline of flood control and drought relief. This year, in response to the extremely severe flooding in the Haihe River Basin, the MWR activated a level-III emergency response to flooding in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region on July 28, and upgraded it to level II on July 30. At the same time, 26 working groups were dispatched to the frontline to guide flood control in the region.

二是强化“四预”措施。加密监测频次，在暴雨中心地区及重要行洪通道增设应急监测断面，把重要信息直达一线。同时，滚动发布洪水预报，向社会发布江河洪水预警，及时把预报结果发送给有关省市和相关单位。今年在防御海河流域性特大洪水中，京津冀晋豫5省市水利部门共发布县级山洪灾害预警1.19万次，提醒地方政府转移危险区群众13.98万人次；河北、天津、河南根据蓄滞洪区运用预案，提前转移蓄滞洪区群众近百万人。

Second, we have strengthened measures for forecasting, early warning, and emergency planning and preparedness. We have increased the frequency of monitoring, set up emergency monitoring sections in central areas of heavy rain and vital flood discharge channels, and delivered important information directly to the front line. At the same time, we have released flood forecasts on a rolling basis, issued river flood warnings to the public, and promptly sent forecasts to the relevant provinces, cities, and units. This year, in response to the extremely severe flooding in the Haihe River Basin, water conservancy departments in the cities of Beijing and Tianjin and the provinces of Hebei, Shanxi, and Henan issued a total of 11,900 county-level flash flood warnings, alerting local governments to evacuate 139,800 people from risk areas. Authorities in Hebei, Tianjin, and Henan also activated contingency plans to relocate nearly 1 million people from flood storage and retention areas in advance.

三是精细调度水工程。按照系统、科学、有序、安全的水工程调度原则，科学调度水工程。在应对2021年黄河罕见秋汛中，我们精准调度小浪底、三门峡、万家寨、故县、河口村等水库，将花园口流量始终控制在4800立方米每秒左右，避免了下游140万群众转移、399万亩耕地受淹。在应对2022年历史罕见的长江中上游大旱中，组织实施两轮长江流域水库群抗旱保供水联合调度，精准调度以三峡水库为核心的长江上游水库群、洞庭湖和鄱阳湖水库群共75座水库，累计向下游补水61.6亿立方米，保障了补水沿线1.83亿亩秋粮作物灌溉用水。今年在应对海河流域性特大洪水中，科学调度京津冀84座大中型水库，启用8处蓄滞洪区分洪、滞洪、蓄洪，充分发挥了流域防洪工程体系防洪减灾综合作用，最大程度减少洪水影响和损失，保障人民群众生命财产安全。

Third, we have meticulously managed our water projects. Guided by the principle of being systematic, scientific, orderly and safe, we've regulated water projects scientifically. To address the rare autumn floods in the Yellow River in 2021, we precisely deployed the Xiaolangdi, Sanmenxia, Wanjiazhai, Guxian, and Hekou reservoirs, among others. By consistently controlling the flow at the Huayuankou hydrology station to around 4,800 cubic meters per second, we effectively avoided the need for relocating 1.4 million people in the downstream area and saved a total of 3.99 million mu of farmland. To counter the unusual drought in the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River in 2022, we organized and implemented two rounds of joint reservoir group water supply operations within the Yangtze River basin. We accurately deployed a total of 75 reservoirs, including those within the upper reach of the Yangtze River, centered around the Sanxia Reservoir, as well as the Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake. As a result, a total of 6.16 billion cubic meters of water was supplied downstream, ensuring irrigation for around 183 million mu of autumn grain crops along the water supply line. In dealing with this year's heavy floods in the Haihe River Basin, we scientifically managed 84 large and medium-sized reservoirs in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Additionally, we utilized eight flood storage and detention areas to divert, store, and control the floods, giving full play to the role of the river basin flood control engineering system in flood control and disaster relief. This proactive approach minimized the damage caused by flooding, ensuring the safety of both people's lives and their property.

四是强化巡查防守。水利部门充分发挥技术优势，派出专家到汛情、险情、旱情一线指导科学查险抢险。在今年应对海河流域性特大洪水中，京津冀组织22万余人次上堤巡查，及时处置各类堤防水库险情131处。通过各方努力，本次防御海河流域性特大洪水过程中，水库无一垮坝、重要堤防无一决口，未发生群死群伤事件。

Fourth, we have strengthened efforts in inspection and prevention. The water conservancy departments have made full use of technological advantages, dispatching experts to the front lines to combat floods, droughts and other dangers and to provide guidance on identifying hidden dangers and carrying out rescue operations in a scientific way. In dealing with the heavy floods in the Haihe River Basin this year, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region deployed over 220,000 inspections of dikes, addressing 131 dangerous dike and reservoir situations. Thanks to the joint efforts of multiple parties, no reservoirs or dams collapsed, no major dikes failed, and there were no mass casualties during the heavy floods in the Haihe River Basin.

下一步，水利部将会同有关部门和地方加快完善流域防洪工程体系，推进防洪控制性水库和蓄滞洪区围堤进洪退洪设施建设，加强骨干河道治理，推进中小河流和山洪沟治理。同时，加快构建雨水情监测预报“三道防线”，推进数字孪生流域和防洪“四预”能力建设，健全体制机制法治，强化蓄滞洪区管理和河道空间管控，全面提升水旱灾害防御能力。谢谢。

For the next steps, the MWR will collaborate with relevant departments and local governments to step up efforts for the improvement of the river basin flood control engineering system. We will expedite the construction of flood detention reservoirs as well as embankments and flood control facilities in flood storage and detention areas, bolster the management of key river channels, and advance the management of small and medium-sized rivers and mountain flood ditches. Concurrently, we'll hasten the establishment of "three lines of defense" for rainwater monitoring and forecasting. We will advance the construction of digital twins for river basins and the capacity building for forecasting, early warning, and emergency planning and preparedness. We will improve systems, mechanisms, and law-based governance in this regard, strengthen the management of flood storage and detention areas and the spatial control of river channels, and comprehensively enhance our capacity to prevent floods, droughts and other disasters. Thank you.

北京青年报记者:

Beijing Youth Daily:

我们都知道，粮食安全是“国之大者”，灌区是粮食安全的基础保障。请问水利部在灌区的建设和改造方面都做了哪些工作？谢谢。

We all know that food security is among the country's most fundamental interests. Irrigation areas remain a basic guarantee of food security. What efforts have been made by the MWR to build and upgrade irrigation areas? Thank you.

李国英:

Li Guoying:

这个问题请水利部农村水利水电司司长陈明忠同志回答。

Mr. Chen Mingzhong, director general of the Department of Rural Water and Hydropower, will answer your question.

陈明忠:

Chen Mingzhong:

谢谢你的提问。水利是农业的命脉。我国的气候特点和基本水情决定了农业丰产丰收离不开灌溉保障。水利部加快现代化灌区建设改造，强化体制机制创新，充分发挥灌区在粮食和重要农产品生产中的“主力军”“压舱石”作用。截至目前，我国已建成耕地灌溉面积10.55亿亩，占全国耕地面积的55%，生产了全国77%的粮食和90%以上的经济作物。主要采取了以下几个方面措施：

Thank you for your question. Water conservancy is the lifeblood of agriculture. The climatic characteristics and the basic water situation of our country determine that bumper harvests cannot be guaranteed without irrigation. The MWR will accelerate the construction of modern irrigation areas and the transformation of existing ones, strengthen institutional innovation, and give full play to the role of irrigation areas as the "main force" and "ballast stone" in the production of grain and other important agricultural products. As of now, China has an irrigated area of 1.055 billion mu, accounting for 55% of the country's total arable land and producing 77% of the country's grain and more than 90% of cash crops. We have mainly implemented measures from the following several aspects.

一是完善灌排工程体系。已建成大中型灌区7300多处，形成了相对完善的蓄、引、提、输、排工程网络体系。“十四五”期间，对全国1200多处大中型灌区实施续建配套与现代化改造，完成后预计可新增恢复灌溉面积1780万亩，改善灌溉面积1.17亿亩，增加粮食产能近200亿斤。今年安排中央投资166亿元用于581处大中型灌区改造，比2022年投资增加了七个百分点，到目前为止，这些工程总体进展顺利。我们会同农业农村部门优先将大中型灌区建成高标准农田，打通农田灌排“最后一公里”，形成从水源、骨干渠系到田间末端的灌排体系。

First, enhancing the irrigation and drainage engineering system. We have constructed over 7,300 large and medium-sized irrigation areas, creating a comprehensive engineering network system which can help to store, divert, lift, deliver and drain water. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period (2021-2025), we will carry out the renovation and modernization of more than 1,200 large and medium-sized irrigation areas across the country. Once completed, it is expected to increase or restore the irrigated area by 17.8 million mu, improve the irrigated area by 117 million mu, and raise grain production capacity by nearly 10 billion kilograms. This year, the central government plans to invest 16.6 billion yuan to renovate 581 large and medium-sized irrigation areas, marking an increase of 7 percentage points over the investment in 2022. As of now, the projects have been generally going smoothly. In collaboration with agricultural and rural departments, we will prioritize transforming large and medium-sized irrigation areas into high-standard farmland. We will address the final significant challenges in the construction of irrigation and drainage for farmland, and establish an irrigation and drainage system that extends from the water source and backbone river channels right to the end of the field.

二是进一步发展灌溉面积。我们会同有关部门加快编制《全国农田灌溉发展规划》，以粮食生产功能区、重要农产品生产保护区和特色农产品优势区为重点，强化水土资源分析，结合国家骨干网水源工程和输配水工程，新建一批节水型、生态型灌区。“十四五”期间新建30处大型灌区，预计可新增灌溉面积1500万亩，改善灌溉面积980万亩，增加粮食产能约70亿斤。

Second, further expanding the irrigated area. We will collaborate with relevant departments to expedite the formulation of the National Farmland Irrigation Development Plan. With a focus on functional zones for grain production, major agricultural product protection areas, and areas with distinctive agricultural products, we will enhance the analysis of land and water resources and construct several water-saving and ecological irrigation areas in coordination with water source projects and water transmission and distribution projects in the national water network. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period (2021-2025), we will construct 30 large-scale irrigation areas. It is expected to expand the irrigated area by 15 million mu, improve the existing irrigated area by 9.8 million mu, and increase grain production capacity by approximately 3.5 billion kilograms.

三是全力做好灌溉供水保障。对作物种植结构、需水时段和需水量进行精准分析、滚动预测。对接作物需水情况，加强大江大河、骨干水库防汛和蓄水调度，提前储备抗旱水源。针对旱情影响，根据灌区水源和来水情况，精准范围、精准对象、精准时段、精准措施，全力保障作物时令灌溉用水。今年春灌、夏灌累计供水2500多亿立方米，实现了“应灌尽灌”，为小麦、玉米、水稻等作物丰产丰收提供了有力水利支撑和保障。

Third, sparing no effort to ensure water supply for irrigation. We conduct precise analysis and dynamic prediction regarding the structure of crop planting, water demand periods, and the volume of water required. To meet the water needs of crops, we bolster flood control and water storage operations in major rivers and key reservoirs, reserving water sources in case of drought. We take a targeted approach to combatting drought. Based on the water source and incoming water situation in irrigation areas, we make every effort to ensure the seasonal irrigation water supply for crops with precise scope, targeting, timing, and measures. This year's spring and summer irrigation provided a total of more than 250 billion cubic meters of water, achieving the goal of "full irrigation" and offering robust water conservancy support for the bumper harvest of wheat, corn, rice and other crops.

四是创新体制机制。以深化农业水价综合改革为抓手，按照有利于水资源集约节约利用、有利于灌区可持续发展和良性运行、有利于吸引社会资本投入现代化灌区建设、总体上不增加农民种粮负担的原则，启动全国第一批21个现代化灌区和县区试点，分类制定水价，优化政策供给，吸引社会资本参与，“两手发力”建成一批“设施完善、节水高效、管理科学、生态良好”的现代化灌区。谢谢。

Fourth, innovating systems and mechanisms. We will start with the deepening of comprehensive agricultural water price reform. We are initiating the first batch of 21 modern irrigation areas and county-level pilot projects nationwide in accordance with the principles that promote efficient and sustainable use of water resources, encourage the modernization of irrigation areas by attracting social capital, and avoid adding to the burdens on farmers in grain production. We have categorized water pricing, optimized policy support, and encouraged social capital involvement, implementing a dual approach to build a group of modern irrigation areas that are technologically advanced, water-efficient, well-managed, and environmentally friendly. Thank you.

中国新闻社记者:

China News Service:

党中央、国务院印发了《国家水网建设规划纲要》，对加快构建国家水网作出了明确的指示和要求。想问一下，目前国家水网建设这项工作的进展和成效如何？

The CPC Central Committee and the State Council have issued the Outline of National Water Network Construction Plan, offering explicit instructions and requirements for accelerating the establishment of the national water network. I would like to ask about the current progress and achievements of the national water network construction project.

张祥伟:

Zhang Xiangwei:

水利部认真贯彻落实《国家水网建设规划纲要》的部署，会同有关部门和地方加快推进国家水网的建设，取得了明显成效。主要表现在四个方面：

The MWR has faithfully implemented the deployment of the Outline of National Water Network Construction Plan, and, in conjunction with relevant departments and local authorities, has accelerated the development of the national water network, achieving significant results. This is mainly manifested in four aspects:

一是国家水网主骨架和大动脉加快完善。南水北调东中线一期工程累计调水654亿立方米，直接受益人口1.76亿人，同时我们积极推进南水北调后续工程高质量发展，2022年开工建设了南水北调中线引江补汉工程，拉开了南水北调后续工程高质量发展的帷幕，工程连通三峡、丹江口这两个国家水网的重要结点，这两个水库也是我们国家重要的战略水源地，可将南水北调中线年调水规模由95亿立方米提高到115亿立方米，进一步提升长江、汉江和华北平原水资源统筹调配能力。

First, the core structure and aorta of the national water network have improved at a faster pace. The initial phase of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project's Central Route has cumulatively transferred 65.4 billion cubic meters of water, directly benefiting a population of 176 million. At the same time, we have actively promoted the high-quality development of follow-up projects for the South-to-North Water Diversion, and in 2022, construction began on the Middle Line Diversion from the Yangtze River to the Han River, marking the start of the high-quality development for the follow-up projects of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. This project connects two important nodes of the national water network: the Three Gorges and Danjiangkou reservoirs, both of which are strategically important water sources for our country. It will increase the annual water transfer capacity of the South-to-North Water Diversion Central Route from 9.5 billion cubic meters to 11.5 billion cubic meters, further enhancing the integrated allocation capacity of water resources in the Yangtze River, Han River, and the North China Plain.

二是一批跨流域、跨区域重大引调水工程建成发挥效益。引江济淮一期去年年底已经成功实现试通水、试通航，长江、淮河实现了历史性“牵手”，将在保障城乡供水、发展江淮航运、改善生态环境等方面发挥显著的综合效益，惠及皖豫两省15个市5100万人口。陕西引汉济渭实现了先期通水，长江、黄河在关中大地握手，将造福关中和陕北地区1400多万人。再有，湖北的鄂北水资源工程全线通水，工程将惠及鄂北地区480多万人、380多万亩耕地。

Second, a number of cross-basin and cross-region major water diversion projects have been completed, yielding substantial benefits. The first phase of the Yangtze River-to-Huaihe River Diversion Project achieved successful trial water diversion and navigation at the end of last year. This historic "handshake" between the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River will generate significant comprehensive benefits in terms of urban and rural water supplies, the development of the Yangtze-Huaihe River shipping route, and the enhancements to the ecological environment, benefiting a population of 51 million people in 15 cities in Anhui and Henan provinces. In addition, the Hanjiang-to-Weihe River water diversion project in Shaanxi started diverting water, bringing together the waters of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River in the Guanzhong Plain, benefiting more than 14 million people in the Guanzhong and northern Shaanxi regions. Furthermore, the Ebei North Water Resources Project in Hubei has achieved full water supply, benefiting over 4.8 million people and more than 3.8 million acres of farmland in northern Hubei.

三是国家水网骨干工程建设明显提速。加快滇中引水、黄河流域东庄、珠江流域大藤峡等一批在建项目建设进度的同时，去年开工了引江济淮二期、环北部湾广东水资源配置、淮河入海水道二期等多项具有战略意义的水网骨干工程。今年又开工了吉林水网骨干工程、南水北调中线河北雄安干渠等一批重大工程，将为国家重大战略实施和区域高质量发展提供水安全保障。

Third, the construction of key projects in the national water network has accelerated significantly. While speeding up the progress of a number of ongoing projects such as the Dianzhong Water Diversion, East Zhuang in the Yellow River Basin, and Datengxia in the Pearl River Basin, we have also started construction on several strategically important backbone projects last year, including the second phase of the Yangtze River-to-Huaihe River Diversion Project, the Guangdong Water Resources Allocation Project in the Beibu Gulf region, and the second phase of the Huaihe River Estuary Waterway. This year, we have also started construction on key projects like the Jilin Water Network Backbone Project and the Xiongan Canal of the South-to-North Water Diversion Central Route. These projects will play a crucial role in ensuring water security for the implementation of key national strategies and the promotion of high-quality regional development.

四是省市县级水网规划建设协同推进。去年水利部启动了第一批7个省级水网先导区建设，在组织推动、骨干工程推进、数字孪生水网建设、体制机制创新等方面，形成了一批典型经验。在先导区的示范引领下，各省积极推进省市县级水网的建设，全力打通水网“最后一公里”。

Fourth, the planning and construction of water networks at provincial, municipal, and county levels are advanced in a coordinated manner. Last year, the MWR initiated the construction of the first batch of seven provincial-level water network pilot zones, forming a set of exemplary practices in terms of organization, project advancement, digital twin water network construction, and institutional mechanism innovation. Guided by these pilot zones, various provinces have actively promoted the construction of water networks at the provincial, municipal, and county level, focusing on connecting the "last mile" of water networks.

下一步，水利部将锚定全面提升国家水安全保障能力总体目标，认真落实《国家水网建设规划纲要》的要求，大力推进南水北调后续工程高质量发展，加快推进一批重大水利工程的前期工作，争取尽早开工建设。同时，指导地方积极推进省市县级水网的规划建设，加快完善国家水网总体格局。谢谢。

Next, the MWR will focus on the overall objective of comprehensively enhancing national water security. We will put into action the requirements of the Outline of National Water Network Construction Plan, vigorously promote the high-quality development of follow-up initiatives for the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, expedite the groundwork of several major water projects to facilitate prompt commencement of construction. At the same time, we will guide localities in actively promoting the planning and construction of water networks at provincial, municipal, and county level and accelerate the improvement of the overall framework of the national water network. Thank you.

中国日报记者:

China Daily:

党的二十大报告提出全面节约战略，推进各类资源节约集约利用。请问，水利部在落实“节水优先”方针、实施国家节水行动方面取得了哪些成效？下一步将如何推进？谢谢。

The report of the 20th CPC National Congress has put forward that we will implement a comprehensive conservation strategy, conserve resources of all types and use them efficiently. Could you please share what achievements the MWR has made in implementing the guideline of "prioritizing water conservation" and the national water conservation actions? What are the upcoming initiatives? Thank you.

陈明忠:

Chen Mingzhong:

谢谢这位记者的提问。2019年4月，经中央全面深化改革委员会审议，国家发展改革委、水利部联合印发《国家节水行动方案》。《方案》印发以来，水利部坚持和落实“节水优先”方针，牵头国务院20个部门建立节约用水工作部际协调机制，联合国家发展改革委印发部门分工方案，指导督促31个省区市全部出台省级实施方案，大力推进总量强度双控、农业节水增效、工业节水减排、城镇节水降损、重点地区节水开源、科技创新引领六大重点行动、深化体制机制改革，各项任务落地见效。

Thank you for your questions. In April 2019, following a review by the Central Commission for Comprehensively Deepening Reform, the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and the MWR jointly released a national action plan for water conservation. Since the introduction of this plan, the MWR has adhered to and implemented a guideline of "prioritizing water conservation," collaborating with 20 State Council departments to establish a water conservation coordination mechanism. Together with the NDRC, we have issued detailed plans for specific departmental responsibilities. Furthermore, we have directed 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities to create provincial-level plans. These plans promote six primary actions: dual control of the total amount and efficiency of water usage, agricultural water-saving and efficiency enhancement, industrial water-saving and emission reduction, urban water-saving and loss reduction, water-saving and exploring new water sources in key areas, and a focus on technological innovation. Related systems and mechanisms have been deeply refined and various tasks were implemented and produced positive results.

通过实施国家节水行动，我国用水效率和效益显著提高，全社会节水意识明显增强。2022年，全国万元国内生产总值用水量、万元工业增加值用水量分别较2015年下降33%和50%，农田灌溉水有效利用系数由2015年的0.536提升到0.572，全国用水总量控制在6000亿立方米以内，全面完成《方案》规定的年度主要目标，产生明显的社会效益、经济效益和生态效益，以节水扩大了发展空间。

By implementing the national action plan for water conservation, China has significantly enhanced its water-use efficiency and brought more beneficial results, leading to a marked improvement in societal awareness about water conservation. In 2022, water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP decreased by 33%, and water consumption per 10,000 yuan of industrial added value decreased by 50% compared to 2015. The effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water in farmlands increased from 0.536 in 2015 to 0.572. The country's total water consumption was maintained at under 600 billion cubic meters, fully meeting the primary annual objectives outlined in the plan. This has yielded notable social, economic, and ecological benefits, paving the way for broader developmental opportunities through water conservation.

下一步，我们将落实全面节约战略，充分发挥节约用水工作部际协调机制作用，加强部门和地方统筹协调，持续推进国家节水行动落实，建立健全节水制度政策，加强节水监督管理，发展节水产业和技术，提升全民节水意识，大力推动全社会节水。谢谢。

Going forward, we will carry out a comprehensive conservation strategy, fully implementing the inter-departmental coordination mechanism for water conservation. We will strengthen coordination among departments and localities, continuously implement the national action plan for water conservation, establish and refine water-saving policies and regulations, enhance supervision and management of water conservation, develop water-saving industries and technologies, raise the public's awareness of water conservation, and vigorously promote water-saving across society. Thank you.

澎湃新闻记者:

ThePaper.cn:

中共中央、国务院印发的《数字中国建设整体布局规划》中提出，构建以数字孪生流域为核心的智慧水利系统。请问，构建智慧水利体系对保障国家水安全具有哪些重大意义，水利部门如何推进智慧水利建设？谢谢。

Issued by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the overall plan for building a digital China proposes constructing a smart water conservancy system centered on digital twin watersheds. Please explain the profound significance of building such a smart water conservancy system for ensuring national water security. Additionally, how is the MWR advancing smart water conservancy? Thank you.

李国英:

Li Guoying:

感谢你对水利行业推进智慧水利建设的高度关注和关心。水利部深入学习贯彻习近平总书记关于网络强国的重要思想和关于治水重要论述精神，认真落实党中央、国务院决策部署，将智慧水利建设作为推动新阶段水利高质量发展的六条实施路径之一，按照“需求牵引、应用至上、数字赋能、提升能力”的要求，充分运用新一代信息技术，系统构建数字孪生水利体系，为水利决策管理提供前瞻性、科学性、精准性、安全性支持。

I appreciate your keen interest and attention regarding this issue. The MWR has been diligently studying and implementing General Secretary Xi Jinping's thought on boosting China's strength in cyberspace and his key remarks on the management of water resources. We rigorously enact the decisions and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council. We consider the smart water conservancy as one of the six sensible ways for improving water conservancy as we enter a new stage. We adhere to the principles of demand-driven, practical-first, digital empowerment, and capability enhancement and utilize the new generation of information technology, in order to systematically establish a digital twin water conservancy system and provide forward-looking, science-based, precise, and secure support for water conservancy decision-making and management.

数字孪生水利体系是推进智慧水利建设的实施措施。我们在做这项工作的时候重点把握三个方面：

The digital twin water conservancy system is a measure for advancing smart water conservancy. When carrying out this work, we focus on three main aspects:

一是建设数字孪生流域。锚定全面支撑流域统一规划、统一治理、统一调度、统一管理这个目标，我们围绕赋能流域水旱灾害防御、水资源节约集约利用、水资源优化配置、水生态保护治理，丰富算据、优化算法、提升算力，加快实现对物理流域全要素和水利治理管理全过程的数字化映射、智能化模拟、前瞻性预演。

The first concerns the development of digital twin watersheds. With the primary goal of providing comprehensive support for unified watershed planning, governance, coordination, and management, our focus is on strengthening watersheds' resilience against floods and droughts, promoting the efficient conservation and utilization of water resources, optimizing water resource allocation, and better preserving water ecosystems. And we achieve this by enriching data, optimizing algorithms, and enhancing computing power to accelerate the digital mapping, intelligent simulation, and forward-looking rehearsal of all elements within watersheds and the comprehensive processes of water conservancy governance and management.

二是建设数字孪生水网。锚定构建“系统完备、安全可靠，集约高效、绿色智能，循环通畅、调控有序”的目标，围绕确保工程安全、供水安全、水质安全，立足工程的规划、设计、建设、运行全生命周期管理，实现与物理水网同步仿真运行、虚实交互、迭代优化。

The second involves building digital twin water networks. Our main objective is to create a well-developed system that is safe and reliable, intensively managed and efficient, and green and intelligent, as well as featuring smooth circulation, and orderly regulation and control. Our efforts are concentrated on ensuring the safety of projects, water supply, and water quality. We do solid work in the planning, design, construction and full life cycle management of projects to achieve synchronized simulation operation. This facilitates interaction between the virtual and real components, ensuring iterative optimization.

三是建设数字孪生工程。锚定保障水利工程安全、效益充分发挥的目标，加快推进BIM技术在水利工程全生命周期运用，实现对物理工程的在线监测、方案预演、问题发现、优化调度、安全保障。谢谢。

The third is building digital twin projects. With the aim to ensure the safety of water conservancy projects and maximize their benefits, we rapidly advance the application of Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology throughout the entire lifecycle of water conservancy projects. This enables projects-related online monitoring, scenario rehearsals, problem identification, optimized coordination, and safety guarantees. Thank you.

封面新闻记者:

Cover News:

今年中办、国办印发了《关于加强新时代水土保持工作的意见》，请问水土流失防治工作成效如何，下一步如何强化人为水土流失监管？谢谢。

This year, the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council released opinions on strengthening water and soil conservation in the new era. May I inquire about the effectiveness of the work in this field and how the regulation over human-induced water loss and soil erosion will be enhanced in next steps? Thank you.

李国英:

Li Guoying:

水土流失的问题和流域系统治理密切相关，这个问题请防御司司长姚文广同志回答。

The issue of water and soil loss is closely related to systematic watershed governance. Mr. Yao Wenguang, please answer the questions.

姚文广:

Yao Wenguang:

谢谢记者朋友提问。《关于加强新时代水土保持工作的意见》印发以来，水利部认真贯彻落实党中央、国务院决策部署，及时制定实施方案，明确落实举措、责任分工和工作要求，推动各项任务落实落地。据水利部最新监测成果，2022年全国水土流失面积下降到265.34万平方公里，较2018年减少8.35万平方公里。我国水土流失状况持续改善，生态系统质量稳步提升。

Thank you for your questions. Since the issuance of the opinions, the MWR has diligently implemented the decisions and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council. We have promptly formulated implementation plans, clarified implementation measures, outlined the division of responsibilities, and specified work requirements to facilitate the execution of various tasks. According to the latest monitoring results from the MWR, the national soil erosion area decreased to 2.6534 million square kilometers in 2022, a reduction of 83,500 square kilometers compared to 2018. The situation of soil erosion in China has been reversed step by step, and ecosystems improved steadily .

一是坚持保护优先，用最严格制度最严密法治保护水土资源，严格控制人为水土流失“增量”。全面落实水土保持法，强化事中事后监管。应用卫星遥感等手段，实现了生产建设项目水土保持遥感监管全覆盖，及时发现并依法依规查处有关违法违规行为。

First, we have prioritized protection and employed the strictest regulations and most rigorous rule of law to safeguard water and soil resources and strictly control any increase in human-induced soil erosion. We have comprehensively implemented the Soil and Water Conservation Law and strengthened ongoing and ex post oversight. Using tools like satellite remote sensing, we have achieved complete coverage of remote sensing supervision for soil and water conservation in production and construction projects, allowing us to promptly detect and address relevant violations in accordance with laws and regulations.

二是坚持系统治理，科学推进水土流失综合治理，加快消减水土流失“存量”。以大江大河上中游、东北黑土区、西南岩溶区、南水北调水源区、三峡库区等为重点，因地制宜实施国家水土保持重点工程，大力推进生态清洁小流域建设。

Second, we have persisted in systematic governance and adopted a scientific approach to comprehensively address soil erosion, aiming to rapidly reduce existing erosion. We have prioritized regions such as major rivers' upper and middle reaches, the black soil region in northeastern China, the karst region in southwestern China, the water source areas of the South-North Water Diversion Project, and the Three Gorges Reservoir area. We have implemented national key soil and water conservation projects tailored to local conditions while ardently promoting the construction of ecologically clean small water basins.

三是坚持改革创新，强化水土保持管理能力和水平，提高水土流失治理“质量”。形成全国、省、市、县四级行政区的水土保持率体系，推动建立水土保持部际协调机制和水土保持目标责任制，加快构建党委领导、政府负责、部门协同、全社会共同参与的水土保持工作格局。

Third, we have persisted in reform and innovation, strengthening the management capabilities and standards of soil and water conservation while enhancing the quality of soil erosion control. We have established a system for soil and water conservation rates, encompassing the national, provincial, city, and county levels. We have advocated for creating inter-ministerial coordination mechanisms and a responsibility system for soil and water conservation targets. These measures will help expedite the development of a soil and water conservation framework in which Party committees exercise leadership, the government assumes responsibility, departments coordinate, and the public from all sectors participate.

关于强化人为水土流失监管，重点做好以下三个方面：

Regarding strengthening the supervision of human-induced soil erosion, we will focus on the following three aspects:

一是构建水土保持全链条全过程监管体系。依法落实生产建设项目水土保持方案制度，加强全链条全过程监管。完善生产建设活动水土流失防治标准，针对不同区域、不同行业特点，明确差异化针对性要求，实施分类精准监管。

First, we will establish a comprehensive supervision system for soil and water conservation that encompasses the entire chain and process. We will implement soil and water conservation plans for production and construction projects in accordance with the law and enhance comprehensive supervision at every stage. The standards for preventing and controlling soil and water erosion during production and construction activities will be improved. We will also set differentiated and targeted requirements based on the unique characteristics of different regions and industries, facilitating the implementation of classified and precise regulations.

二是建立精准高效的监管机制。以遥感监管为基本手段、重点监管为补充、信用监管为基础的新型监管机制。全覆盖、常态化开展水土保持遥感监管，依法严格查处违法违规行为。全面实施水土保持信用评价，对守信企业少打扰、不打扰，对失信企业及高风险项目重点监管。加强人为水土流失风险的跟踪预警，提高监管精准化、智能化水平。

Second, we will establish a precise and efficient regulatory mechanism. We will adopt a new regulatory framework that relies primarily on remote sensing supervision, complemented by key regulatory measures and based on credit supervision. Comprehensive and regular remote sensing oversight for soil and water conservation will be carried out. Illegal activities will be strictly investigated and addressed in accordance with the law. We will implement a full-scale credit evaluation for soil and water conservation, minimizing interference with compliant enterprises while focusing our intensive regulatory efforts on non-compliant enterprises and high-risk projects. We will enhance tracking and early warning for human-induced soil erosion risks, and aim to make our regulatory measures more precise and intelligent.

三是强化部门间协同监管和执法联动。建立水土保持行政执法和刑事司法衔接、与检察公益诉讼协作的机制，充分发挥司法保障监督作用。通过加强协同监管，压实企业水土保持责任。谢谢。

Third, we will strengthen inter-departmental coordination in supervision and law enforcement. We will establish mechanisms to ensure that administrative law enforcement aligns with criminal justice and collaborates with public interest litigation led by prosecutorial authorities to fully leverage the role of judicial oversight. Through strengthened collaborative regulation, we will ensure enterprises fulfill their responsibilities in soil and water conservation. Thank you.

南方日报记者:

Nanfang Daily:

党的二十大报告提出优化基础设施布局、结构、功能和系统集成，构建现代化的基础设施体系，请问水利基础设施是如何落实这一部署的？目前有什么样的进展？下一步还有什么考虑？谢谢。

The report to the 20th CPC National Congress made the deployment to optimize the layout, structure, functions, and system integration of infrastructure with the aim of constructing a modern infrastructure system. In line with this deployment, how is the water conservancy infrastructure being developed? Could you shed light on the progress made to date and the considerations for the next steps? Thank you.

张祥伟:

Zhang Xiangwei:

谢谢你的提问。水利是现代化基础设施体系的重要组成部分，水利部坚持近期、中期、远期系统规划，统筹存量和增量，加快优化水利基础设施布局、结构、功能和系统集成，提高网络效益。

Thank you for your question. Water conservancy is a vital component of the modern infrastructure system. The MWR adheres to a systematic planning approach, considering the short-term, medium-term, and long-term perspectives. We have accelerated efforts to optimize the layout, structure, functions, and system integration of water conservancy infrastructure, striking a balance between existing infrastructure and new developments to enhance network efficiency.

在布局方面。党中央、国务院印发《国家水网建设规划纲要》，立足流域整体和水资源空间均衡，对国家水网做出顶层设计和战略安排。按照规划纲要的要求，水利部会同有关部门和地方，一是积极推进南水北调总体规划修编，加快完善国家水网主骨架和大动脉；二是部署开展了区域水网规划编制，同时今年我们要全部完成省级水网规划的编制和审批，科学谋划省市县级水网布局，逐步形成国家水网一张网；三是启动了七大江河流域防洪规划修编，加快构建流域防洪减灾防治新格局。

In terms of the layout, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the Outline of National Water Network Construction Plan, making top-level designs and strategic deployments on the national water network based on overall and spatially balanced allocations of water resources in drainage basins. Following the requirements of the guideline, the MWR has done the following work alongside related departments and local governments. First, we have actively promoted the revision of the master plan for the South-to-North Water Diversion Project and expedited the improvement of the core framework and vital arteries of the national water network. Second, we have initiated the planning for regional water networks and aim to complete the formulation and approval of provincial-level water network plans this year. We will design a sound layout for water networks at the provincial, municipal, and county levels and establish a holistic national water network step by step. Third, we have begun to revise the flood-prevention plans for the drainage basins of China's seven major river basins, aiming to foster a new landscape in drainage basin flood prevention and disaster mitigation.

在结构方面。以联网、补网、强链为重点，以“纲”“目”“结”三要素，优化完善水网结构。一是以大江大河干流及重要江河湖泊为基础，加快南水北调工程东、中、西线为重点的一批重大引调水工程规划建设，实施大江大河干流堤防达标建设，构建国家水网之“纲”；二是积极推进云南滇中引水二期、四川引大济岷、青海引黄济宁等一批省级水网骨干工程建设，实现国家、区域、省级重要水资源配置工程互联互通，完善省市县级水网，形成城乡一体、互联互通的水网体系，织密国家水网之“目”；三是加快推进黄河古贤和黑山峡、广西洋溪、贵州花滩子等一批控制性水利枢纽和重点水源工程建设，加快重要蓄滞洪区建设，打牢国家水网之“结”。

In terms of the structure, we have optimized the water network structure with a focus on building connections, improving the network, and strengthening links based on the three elements of "backbones, links, and knots." First, we have strived to build the backbones of the national water network. On the basis of the main streams of large rivers as well as major rivers and lakes, we have accelerated the planning and construction of a number of major water diversion projects represented by the eastern, central, and western routes of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. We have also worked to make sure the dykes along the main streams of large rivers meet standards. Second, we have worked to expand the links of the national water network. We have proactively advanced the construction of a number of key water network projects at the provincial level, including the second phase of the central Yunnan water diversion project, the water conservancy project that diverts the Dadu River into the Minjiang River in Sichuan, and the water resource allocation project in diverting water from the Yellow River to Xining in Qinghai. Through these projects, we aim to realize the interconnectivity of critical water resource allocation projects at the national, regional, and provincial levels, improve the water networks across the provincial, municipal, and county levels, and develop a water network system featuring integration and interconnectivity between urban and rural areas. Third, we have made efforts to fasten the knots woven into the national water network. We have moved faster to implement a group of water conservancy and key water source projects, such as the Guxian water control project and Heishan Gorge water conservancy project along the Yellow River, the Yangxi water conservancy project in Guangxi, and the Huatanzi reservoir project in Guizhou, as well as sped up the building of key floods storage areas.

在功能方面。综合考虑防洪、供水、灌溉、航运、发电、生态等多种功能，加强流域水工程联合调度，提升水资源调控能力，发挥工程综合功能，系统解决水资源、水生态、水环境、水灾害问题，实现经济效益、社会效益、生态效益、安全效益相统一。

In terms of the function, after taking into consideration multiple functions, including flood prevention, water supply, irrigation, shipping, power generation, and ecological conservation, we have strengthened the joint management of water projects in drainage basins to better regulate water resources. We have leveraged the functions of the projects in a holistic manner to systematically address the issues concerning water resources, ecosystem, environment, and disasters so as to secure economic, social, ecological, and safety benefits simultaneously.

在系统集成方面。同步推进数字孪生流域、数字孪生水网、数字孪生水利工程建设，强化水网调控运行管理的预报、预警、预演、预案功能，提升水网工程建设运行管理的数字化、网络化、智能化水平。

In terms of system integration, we have synchronized the building of digital twin basins, digital twin water networks, and digital twin water projects, enhanced the forecasting, early warning, preview, and contingency plan functions of water network regulation and operation management so as to render the construction, operation, and regulation of water networks more digitalized, internet-based, and intelligent.

下一步，我们将加快完善流域防洪工程体系，大力实施国家水网重大工程，加快复苏河湖生态环境，推进数字孪生水利建设，建立健全节水制度政策，强化体制机制法治管理，推动新阶段水利高质量发展，为推进中国式现代化提供有力的水安全保障。谢谢。

Going forward, we will vigorously implement key national water network projects, improve flood prevention projects in drainage basins, and restore the ecological environment of rivers and lakes at a faster pace. We will also promote the digital twin water projects. We will introduce and upgrade water-saving systems and policies, strengthen the management of water conservancy systems and mechanisms under the rule of law, and promote the high-quality development of water resources in the new development stage so as to ensure water security for advancing a Chinese path to modernization. Thank you.

中央广播电视总台央广记者:

CNR:

农村供水关系到亿万农村群众的生产生活，请问目前我国农村供水工程体系和管理体系建设情况如何？水利部采取了哪些措施推进农村供水保障？谢谢。

Rural water supply affects the work and life of hundreds of millions of rural residents. What are the developments in the construction of China's rural water supply projects and management systems? What measures has the MWR taken to boost rural water supplies? Thank you.

陈明忠:

Chen Mingzhong:

正如你所说，农村供水事关亿万农村群众的生产和生活。水利部深刻认识到农村饮水安全是巩固脱贫攻坚成果、推进乡村振兴的重要标志，采取了多种措施加快提升农村饮水安全保障能力和水平。

As you said, rural water supply affects the work and life of hundreds of millions of rural residents. Knowing well that ensuring rural drinking water safety is a key indicator of consolidating our achievements in poverty alleviation and advancing rural revitalization, the MWR has taken a variety of measures to ensure rural drinking water safety at a faster pace.

一是优先推进城乡供水一体化、集中供水规模化建设。按照“建大、并中、减小”的原则，推动城乡供水联网并网，能联网的尽联网、能扩网的尽扩网、能并网的尽并网，推动有条件地区实现城乡供水同源、同网、同质、同服务、同监管。坚持政府和市场“两手发力”，在加大财政投入的同时，通过地方政府专项债、银行贷款、社会资本等多渠道筹集建设资金。今年1-8月，各地已经落实农村供水工程投资988.8亿元，其中地方专项债383.3亿元、银行贷款273.5亿元，社会资本等158.5亿元，还有各级财政资金173.5亿元，完成建设投资736.5亿元，开工建设农村供水工程15692处，完工9029处，提升3825.3万农村人口供水保障水平。

First, we have prioritized advancing the integration of urban and rural water supplies and a large-scale construction of centralized water supply. In accordance with the principle of "building large networks, integrating the medium-sized, and reducing the small-sized," we have promoted the interconnection and integration of urban and rural water supply networks, connected, expanded, and integrated networks where possible, and facilitated the realization of unified water sources, networks, quality standards, services, and regulations for urban and rural water supplies in areas with suitable conditions. We have leveraged the roles of the government and market in tandem and raised funds through multiple channels, including local government special bonds, bank loans, and private capital, while increasing government investments. In the first eight months of the year, investments in rural water supply projects among all localities reached 98.88 billion yuan, including 38.33 billion yuan in special local government bonds, 27.35 billion yuan in bank loans, 15.85 billion yuan in private capital, and 17.35 billion yuan in government funds at all levels. A total of 73.65 billion yuan has been used to launch the construction of 15,692 rural water supply projects, with 9,029 having been completed, improving water supplies for 38.25 million rural residents.

二是深入实施农村供水水质提升专项行动。我们都知道，今年4月1日开始实施《生活饮用水卫生标准》，这是一个新标准。我们对标新标准，全面完善实施方案，联合生态环境部门、卫生健康部门加快推进农村饮用水水源保护区或保护范围划定，配备水质净化消毒设备，规范供水单位水质日检、区域水质检测中心水质巡检，加快建立健全从源头到龙头的水质保障体系。

Second, we have further carried out a special campaign to improve the quality of water supplied in rural areas. As we all know, the health standard for drinking water was implemented on April 1 of this year. That is a new standard. In accordance with the new standard, we have improved the implementation plan and worked with ecology, environment, and health departments to accelerate the designation of protection zones or areas for sources of rural drinking water. We have provided water purification and disinfection equipment, regulated the daily inspection of the water quality from water supply units and the patrol of the water quality by regional water quality testing centers, and moved faster to build and improve a system to ensure source-to-tap water quality.

三是提升小散供水工程保障能力。在集中供水管网确实难以延伸到的地方，因地制宜推进小型供水工程规范化建设和改造，减少直饮水窖水、水柜水农村人口数量。加强农村饮水状况全面排查和动态监测，做到对农村供水问题早发现、早解决，保持动态清零。全力做好抗洪旱灾害保饮水工作，确保群众基本生活饮水需求。会同财政部安排农村供水工程维修养护中央补助资金30亿元，各地共落实工程维修养护资金42.5亿元，今年已完成维修养护农村供水工程6.8万处，服务农村人口1.46亿人。

Third, we have enhanced the capacity of small and miscellaneous water supply projects in securing the supply of drinking water. We have promoted the standardized construction and renovation of small water supply projects in accordance with local conditions in places where people have no access to centralized water supply networks to reduce the number of people who get their drinking water from water cellars and tanks in rural areas. We have intensified the comprehensive investigation and dynamic monitoring of rural drinking water conditions and discovered and handled problems in rural water supplies as soon as they emerged to ensure problems are solved in a timely manner. We have spared no effort to maintain drinking water safety in the fight against floods and droughts to ensure the basic drinking water needs of the people. We have worked with the Ministry of Finance to allocate 3 billion yuan in subsidies from the central government to renovate and maintain rural water supply projects, with 4.25 billion yuan allocated from local governments for the renovation and maintenance of rural water supply projects. Over 68,000 rural water supply projects have been renovated and maintained this year, providing services for 146 million people in rural areas.

四是加快推进农村供水工程管护专业化。积极推进农村供水县域或片区统一管理。千吨万人和千人供水工程，推行企业化经营、专业化管理，小型工程通过专业化公司统管托管，提升管理水平。加强农村集中供水工程标准化管理，推进数字孪生农村供水工程建设。完善水价形成和水费收缴机制，保障农村供水工程长效运行。截至目前，全国共建成农村供水工程678万处，可服务人口8.7亿人，农村自来水普及率接近88%，城乡一体化、规模化供水工程覆盖农村人口比例达到57%。谢谢。

Fourth, we have sped up advancing the specialized management and maintenance of rural water supply projects. We have actively taken steps to advance the unified management of water supplies within counties or regions. Water supply projects with a daily supply of over 1,000 tons of water to more than 10,000 people, and projects with a daily supply to over 1,000 people have adopted commercialized and specialized management systems. We entrust small projects to specialized companies for unified and improved management. We have enhanced the standardized management of centralized rural water supply projects and advanced the construction of digital twin systems for rural water supply projects. We have improved the mechanism for the setting and charging of water prices to ensure the long-term operation of rural water supply projects. So far, a total of 6.78 million rural water supply projects have been established, serving 870 million people. Tap water coverage in rural areas has reached 88%, and the proportion of rural population covered by urban-rural integration and large-scale water supply projects stands at 57%. Thank you.

凤凰卫视记者:

Phoenix Satellite Television:

黄河保护法2022年10月30日由全国人大常委会会议表决通过，今年4月1日起施行，成为黄河保护治理的一个新的里程碑。请问，水利部下一步将如何推进相关工作？谢谢。

The law on the conservation of the Yellow River was passed at the standing committee session of the National People's Congress on Oct. 30, 2022 and took effect on April 1 of this year. It has become a new milestone in the protection and governance of the Yellow River. What measures will be taken by the MWR next to advance relevant work? Thank you.

李国英:

Li Guoying:

黄河保护法的颁布施行，为推动黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展提供了法治保障。水利部将坚决履行法定职责，从六个方面抓好黄河保护法的贯彻落实。

The promulgation of the law on the conservation of the Yellow River provides legal protection to promote ecological conservation and high-quality development in the Yellow River basin. The MWR will resolutely perform duties in accordance with the law and work on the six aspects to ensure the implementation of the law on the conservation of the Yellow River.

一是抓好配套制度建设。全面梳理黄河保护法配套制度建设要求，加快制定相关配套制度，完善流域水利制度标准体系，推动法律制度规范衔接有序、协调统一。

First, we will give priority to the development of supporting institutions. We will review the requirements concerning the development of supporting institutions, speed up developing relevant supporting institutions, improve the system of institutions and standards for water conservancy in the Yellow River basin, and advance the orderly linking up, coordination, and unification of laws, institutions, and rules.

二是完善黄河保护治理水利规划体系。做好黄河流域相关规划实施情况评估和修订工作，切实发挥好规划的指导约束作用。目前批复实施了黄河流域重要河道岸线保护与利用规划，全面启动了黄河流域防洪规划修编工作。

Second, we will improve the water conservancy planning system for the protection and management of the Yellow River. We will work to review the implementation of and revise plans concerning the Yellow River basin and give play to the guiding and binding role of plans. At present, we have approved and implemented the plan for the protection and utilization of important river courses and shorelines and initiated the revision of the plan for flood prevention in the Yellow River basin across the board.

三是强化黄河水沙调控和防洪安全。完善水沙调控体系，加快构建以水库、河道及堤防、蓄滞洪区为主要组成的黄河流域防洪工程体系，加快推进控制性水库工程立项建设，加快黄河下游防洪工程以及上游堤防达标建设。完善流域水沙调控方案，强化流域统一调度管理。

Third, we will enhance security in water and sediment regulation and flood prevention of the Yellow River. We will improve the water and sediment regulation system and accelerate the establishment of a system of flood prevention projects in the Yellow River basin, mainly consisting of reservoirs, river courses, embankments, and flood storage and detention space. We will move faster to initiate and construct flood-control reservoir projects and develop flood prevention projects in the lower reach of the Yellow River and ensure the embankments in its upper reach meet standards. We will improve the plan for water and sediment regulation in the Yellow River basin and enhance the unified coordination and management within the basin.

四是促进黄河流域水资源节约集约利用。坚持节水优先方针，强化水资源刚性约束，落实取用水总量和强度双控制度，严格水资源论证和取水许可管理，打好黄河流域深度节水控水攻坚战。

Fourth, we will promote the economical and intensive use of water resources in the Yellow River basin. We will uphold the guideline of "prioritizing water conservation," impose rigid constraints on water resources, control both the amount and intensity of water withdrawal and use, and strictly implement water resource assessments and the permit system for water withdrawal to make solid progress in the battle to further save water in the Yellow River basin.

五是加强黄河流域水生态保护修复。强化黄河干支流生态流量和生态水位管控，抓好重点区域水土流失防治，严格人为水土流失监管，持续开展地下水超采综合治理。

Fifth, we will strengthen the conservation and restoration of water ecosystems in the Yellow River basin. We will enhance the management and control of the ecological flow and water level of the Yellow River's mainstream and tributaries. We will focus on the prevention and control of soil erosion in key areas, tighten the regulation of human-induced soil erosion, and continue to take comprehensive measures to control the over-abstraction of groundwater.

六是提升流域治理管理能力和水平。建立健全省级河湖长联席会议制度；增强执法合力，加强与相关部门在联合办案、线索移送、流域统筹协同等方面机制建设，不断提高执法效能。联合最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部、司法部，开展河湖安全保护专项执法行动；联合最高人民检察院，开展黄河流域水资源保护专项行动，建立黄河流域检察公益诉讼协作平台，切实提升流域治理管理能力和水平。谢谢。

Sixth, we will improve our capacity and level of river basin management. We will establish and improve joint meeting mechanisms for river and lake chiefs at the provincial level. We will step up collective law enforcement, enhance the development of mechanisms for joint case handling, clue transfer, and coordination across river basins, and continue to make law enforcement more effective. We will work with the Supreme People's Court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security, and the Ministry of Justice to launch a special law enforcement campaign to protect the security of rivers and lakes. We will collaborate with the Supreme People's Procuratorate to initiate a special campaign to protect water resources in the Yellow River basin, build a coordination platform for procuratorial public-interest litigation in the basin, and take practical measures to improve the governance and management capacities of the river basin. Thank you.

寿小丽:

Shou Xiaoli:

感谢各位发布人，感谢各位记者朋友。今天的新闻发布会就到这里，大家再见。

Thanks to all the speakers and friends from the media. Today's briefing is hereby concluded. See you.