谢应君:

Xie Yingjun:

女士们、先生们，下午好！欢迎出席国务院新闻办新闻发布会。今天，我们进行一季度例行经济数据发布，邀请到财政部副部长王东伟先生，请他为大家介绍2024年一季度财政收支情况，并回答大家关心的问题。出席今天发布会的还有：财政部国库司司长李先忠先生，预算司司长王建凡先生。

Ladies and gentlemen, good afternoon. Welcome to this briefing held by the State Council Information Center (SCIO). This is a regular briefing on China's economic data in the first quarter. Today, we have invited Mr. Wang Dongwei, vice minister of finance, to brief you on China's fiscal revenue and expenditure in the first quarter of 2024, and to take your questions. Also present today are Mr. Li Xianzhong, director general of the Department of Treasury of the Ministry of Finance (MOF), and Mr. Wang Jianfan, director general of the Budget Department of the MOF.

下面，先请王东伟先生介绍情况。

Now, I'll give the floor to Mr. Wang for his introduction.

王东伟:

Wang Dongwei:

女士们，先生们，媒体朋友们，大家下午好！很高兴又和大家见面了，特别感谢各位媒体朋友长期以来对财政工作的关注、关心和支持。首先我通报一下今年一季度财政收支有关情况。

Ladies and gentlemen, friends from the media, good afternoon. I'm very glad to meet you again. Thank you for your long-term interest in and support for the fiscal work. First, I will brief you on China's fiscal revenue and expenditure in the first quarter of 2024.

今年以来，在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，我们认真贯彻中央经济工作会议精神和全国“两会”精神，落实《政府工作报告》决策部署，积极的财政政策适度加力、提质增效。持续用好财政政策空间，加强财政资源统筹，优化组合运用多种政策工具，促进经济持续回升向好。一季度，财政收支运行平稳，呈现出以下三方面特点：

Since the beginning of this year, under the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, we have thoroughly implemented the guiding principles of the Central Economic Work Conference and the "two sessions" (National People's Congress and Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference). Following the decisions and deployments outlined in the government work report, we have appropriately enhanced the intensity of our proactive fiscal policy and improved its quality and effectiveness . We have consistently leveraged fiscal policy space effectively, strengthened the coordination of fiscal resources, and improved the policy toolkit and its utilization, promoting sustained economic recovery and growth. In the first quarter, fiscal revenue and expenditure maintained a stable performance, presenting the following three features:

一是财政收入按可比口径计算继续保持恢复性增长态势。一季度，全国一般公共预算收入60877亿元，同比下降2.3%。扣除特殊性因素影响后，可比增长2.2%左右，延续恢复性增长态势。特殊因素是什么？这里也给大家介绍一下，就是2022年制造业中小微企业部分缓税在2023年前几个月入库抬高了基数，以及2023年年中出台的4项减税政策对今年财政收入形成翘尾减收等。全国税收收入是49172亿元，同比下降4.9%，扣除上述特殊因素影响后税收保持平稳增长。

First, fiscal revenue maintained a rebound trend when calculated on a comparable basis. In the first quarter, revenue in the national general public budget reached 6.0877 trillion yuan ($0.84 trillion), marking a year-on-year decline of 2.3%, or comparable growth of 2.2% after adjusting for special factors, maintaining a recovery trajectory. What are the special factors? One is the inflated baseline caused by the entry into treasury of partial tax deferrals for micro, small and medium enterprises in manufacturing during the first few months of 2023. Another is the decline in this year's fiscal revenue as a result of the carryover effect of the four tax reduction policies introduced in mid-2023. In the first quarter, national tax revenue stood at 4.9172 trillion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 4.9%, yet maintained stable growth after adjusting for the aforementioned special factors.

二是文旅消费、先进制造业等行业税收较快增长。服务业方面，与居民消费关联性较高的住宿和餐饮业税收增长44.7%，文化、体育和娱乐业税收收入增长26.7%，交通运输、仓储和邮政业税收收入增长6.8%，零售业税收收入增长5.7%，反映出居民消费活力正在不断释放。制造业方面，一季度制造业税收收入同比下降，扣除前述去年同期制造业中小微企业缓税入库抬高基数等不可比因素影响后，实现平稳增长。尽管受不可比因素影响，但制造业部分细分行业税收仍呈增长态势，表现良好。如，铁路运输设备制造业税收收入增长9.5%，计算机制造业税收收入增长6.8%。

Second, tax revenue of certain industries such as cultural tourism and advanced manufacturing registered rapid growth. In terms of services, the tax revenue from accommodation and catering, which are closely related to consumer spending, increased by 44.7%, culture, sports and recreation by 26.7%, transportation, storage and postal services by 6.8%, and retail by 5.7%. These figures demonstrate that the vitality of consumer spending is continuously being unleashed. Regarding manufacturing, its tax revenue in the first quarter experienced a year-on-year decline, yet registered stable growth after adjusting for incomparable factors such as the aforementioned inflated baseline. Despite the influence of incomparable factors, the tax revenue of certain subsectors in manufacturing still performed well by showing an upward trend. For example, the tax revenue of railway transportation equipment manufacturing increased by 9.5%, and computer manufacturing increased by 6.8%.

三是重点支出得到较好保障。各级财政部门加强财政资源统筹，加快预算下达和增发国债资金使用，强化国家重大战略任务和基本民生财力保障。同时，优化财政支出结构，严格落实党政机关习惯过紧日子要求，大钱大方，小钱小气，集中财力办大事。一季度，全国一般公共预算支出同比增长2.9%。主要支出领域中，社会保障和就业支出12708亿元，增长3.7%；教育支出10436亿元，增长2.5%；城乡社区支出5614亿元，增长12.1%；农林水支出5185亿元，增长13.1%；住房保障支出2049亿元，增长7.8%。

Third, funding for key areas was effectively ensured. Fiscal departments at all levels strengthened coordination of fiscal resources, accelerated budget approval and utilization of additionally issued treasury bonds, and strengthened sufficient funding for major national strategic tasks and efforts to meet people's basic living needs. Meanwhile, we improved the structure of fiscal expenditure, made sure that Party and government departments get used to keeping their belts tightened, spending where necessary and saving where possible, and thus pooling financial resources to accomplish major tasks. In the first quarter, expenditure in the national general public budget increased by 2.9% year on year. Specifically, expenditure on social security and employment was 1.2708 trillion yuan, up by 3.7%; education was 1.0436 trillion yuan, up by 2.5%; urban and rural community development was 561.4 billion yuan, up by 12.1%; agriculture, forestry and water was 518.5 billion yuan, up by 13.1%; and housing support was 204.9 billion yuan, up by 7.8%.

下一步，财政部将扎实实施好积极的财政政策，强化财政管理监督，把加强宏观调控、着力扩大内需、培育发展新动能、防范化解风险有机结合起来，进一步提升财政政策质效，巩固和增强经济回升向好态势。

Moving forward, the MOF will make solid efforts to implement the proactive fiscal policy, and strengthen fiscal management and supervision. We will integrate enhancing macro regulation, expanding domestic demand, fostering new growth drivers, and preventing and defusing risks, further improve the quality and effectiveness of the fiscal policy, and consolidate and strengthen the momentum for economic recovery and growth.

一季度财政收支的总体情况，我就先介绍到这儿。下面，我和我的同事愿意回答大家的提问。谢谢。

That's all for my introduction of the fiscal revenue and expenditure in the first quarter. Now, my colleagues and I are ready to answer your questions. Thank you.

谢应君:

Xie Yingjun:

谢谢王东伟副部长。下面欢迎大家提问，提问前请通报一下所在的新闻机构。

Thank you, Mr. Wang. Now the floor is open to questions. Please identify the media outlet you work for before asking your question.

新华社记者:

Xinhua News Agency:

刚刚王部长介绍到，一季度财政支出增长2.9%，重点支出得到了有效保障。可否请您进一步具体介绍一下相关的支出情况？谢谢。

As Vice Minister Wang just mentioned, China's fiscal spending expanded by 2.9% in the first quarter, ensuring effective funding for key areas . Could you provide further information on how this budget was allocated? Thank you.

王东伟:

Wang Dongwei:

谢谢您的提问。一季度，各级财政部门在严格落实过紧日子要求、严控一般性支出的同时，继续加大对重点领域支出的保障力度，全国一般公共预算支出规模近7万亿元。特别是，在去年同期疫情防控转段后集中结算相关费用、抬高支出基数的情况下，今年一季度仍然保持了2.9%的增长，这实属不易，体现了积极的财政政策靠前发力、提质增效。这里面有三点我具体给大家介绍一下：

Thank you for your question. In the first quarter, finance departments at all levels kept their belts tightened and continued to prioritize and ensure funding for key areas, while observing the principle of controlling general expenditures. In the first quarter, China's general public budget spending was nearly 7 trillion yuan (US$985 billion), up by 2.9% compared to the same period last year. This was not easy, especially due to last year's concentrated settlements with pandemic-related expenses. This growth underscores our efforts in enhancing the intensity of our proactive fiscal policy as well as to improve its quality and effectiveness. Here, I'd like to elaborate on how we have achieved this.

一是增发国债资金已于年初全部下达。2023年四季度增发国债的1万亿元资金，大部分于今年使用。今年2月底前，财政部将1万亿元增发国债资金全部下达到地方。从一季度数据看，增发国债资金重点投向的城乡社区支出、农林水支出、灾害防治及应急管理支出同比分别增长12.1%、13.1%、53.4%，均实现了两位数增长。

First, all funds from additionally issued treasury bonds were allocated at the beginning of the year. An additional one trillion yuan of treasury bonds issued in the fourth quarter of last year were mostly used this year. By the end of February, the Ministry of Finance had already assigned all one-trillion-yuan bonds to local governments. Official data showed that the funds specifically targeting expenditures in urban and rural communities, agriculture, forestry, water conservancy , and disaster prevention and emergency management increased by 12.1%, 13.1% and 53.4% year-over-year, respectively, showing double-digit growth.

二是转移支付预算下达超八成。2024年安排中央对地方转移支付10.2万亿元，可比增长4.1%。今年全国人大批准2024年中央预算后，财政部按照预算法规定，及时组织做好预算批复下达工作。截至4月上旬，2024年中央部门预算已全部批复到位，中央对地方转移支付已下达8.68万亿元，占年初预算的85.1%；一般性转移支付和共同财政事权转移支付中，具备条件的项目资金已全部下达完毕。

Second, over 80% of transfer payments' budget has been issued. For 2024, the central government has planned 10.2 trillion yuan for transfer payments to local governments, a comparable increase of 4.1%. After the National People's Congress approved the central budget for 2024, the Ministry of Finance promptly completed the budget allocation as per the Budget Law .

By early April, all of the central government's budgets for this year were approved with 8.68 trillion yuan of transfer payments being allocated to local governments, accounting for 85.1% of the budget that was set early this year. All projects eligible under general transfer payments and those under shared fiscal powers have been fully funded.

三是财政支出进度合理加快。一季度，全国一般公共预算支出完成预算的24.5%，高于近3年的平均水平。从具体支出科目看，社会保障和就业、卫生健康、城乡社区、交通运输、住房保障等支出进度较快，其中社会保障和就业支出进度30.7%、城乡社区支出进度26.2%、卫生健康和交通运输支出进度均为25.1%，都超过序时进度。

Third, the process of making budgetary funds available for fiscal expenditures has been accelerated. In the first quarter, China's general public budget spending has already completed 24.5% of the total budget, exceeding the average rate for the same period over the past three years. Several sectors registered rapid growth in fiscal spending, including social security and employment, healthcare, urban and rural communities, transportation, and housing. Fiscal spending with social security and employment reached 30.7%, urban and rural communities 26.2%, healthcare 25.1% and transportation 25.1%. All ahead of schedule.

这个问题我就回答这么多，谢谢。

That's all I'm going to say for this question. Thank you.

中国财经报记者:

China Financial and Economic News:

有媒体报道，近期投资者积极认购储蓄国债，部分银行出现了“一债难求”的情况。请问如何看待这一现象？谢谢。

According to media reports, investors have been actively purchasing savings bond, leading to a situation where some banks are unable to meet demand. How do you view this phenomenon? Thank you.

王东伟:

Wang Dongwei:

这个问题我请我的同事李先忠先生来回答。

My colleage Mr. Li Xianzhong will answer this question.

李先忠:

Li Xianzhong:

谢谢记者的提问。储蓄国债代表的是国家信誉，保本保息、收益稳定，长期以来受到广大投资者青睐。从今年3月、4月储蓄国债发行情况看，总体平稳，但确实存在局部的供需矛盾。要说明这个问题，就涉及储蓄国债的品种和发行组织，在这里我简要介绍一下。目前，储蓄国债分为凭证式和电子式两种。其中：

Thank you for your question. Savings bonds represent national credibility. They are favored by investors due to their capital preservation and interest protection along with stable returns. The progression of March's and April's issuance of savings bonds was generally stable, but there was, to a certain extent, imbalances between supply and demand. To explain this, it is important to understand that there are different types of savings bonds and different issuance methods. Currently, we have two kinds of savings bonds: certificated bonds and electronic bonds .

凭证式储蓄国债通过银行网点柜面销售，因为各网点的客户群不同，需求也不一样，目前销售额度在各网点之间灵活调剂还存在一定困难，造成部分网点出现供需矛盾。比如，在3月份凭证式储蓄国债发行过程中，某大型商业银行北京分行首日总体销售进度是70%，每一期国债销售一共是10天，首日销售进度是70%，但是在北京的466个网点中有14个网点在半小时内售謦，就可能造成在网点柜面排队的部分投资者没有买到国债。

Certificated savings bonds are normally available at bank counters. Due to varying customer bases and demands at each branch, there are challenges with adjusting the sales quotas across different branches, which can lead to supply-demand imbalances at some locations. Take the issuance of certificated bonds in March, the Beijing branch of a major commercial bank sold 70% of its total allocation on the first day. Each issuance of treasury bonds would normally last for 10 days. 14 out of 466 outlets in Beijing sold the planned volume within half an hour, causing some investors at the counters to miss out on purchasing bonds.

电子式储蓄国债既可以在柜面销售，也可以通过网上（手机）端销售，销售额度可以在不同银行、银行内不同网点间，以及柜面和网上（手机）端灵活调剂。据统计，60岁以上的投资者占储蓄国债投资者的比例达55%，这部分投资者偏好在柜面购买，为了更好地保障这部分传统客群的购债需求，电子式储蓄国债在发行首日销售额度向柜面适度倾斜，首日柜面销售额度占各银行基本销售额度的60%。因此，柜面认购需求基本能够得到满足。

Electronic savings bonds can be purchased at both bank counters and online via smartphones. And the sales quota can be flexibly adjusted among different channels, either between different banks, different outlets or through online methods. According to statistics, investors over 60 years old, who normally prefer purchasing at bank counters, account for 55% of the total investors of savings bonds. To better meet the needs of this traditional customer segment, the sales quota for electronic savings bonds on the first day are weighted towards counter sales, allocating 60% of the total quota to branch counter sales. This ensures that demand at the counters is generally met.

4月份以来，受部分银行降低存款利率、暂停销售大额存单等因素影响，储蓄国债关注度进一步提高。4月份发行的电子式储蓄国债，发行首日即售出计划发行额的99.7%，进度明显快于近几年的平均水平。从柜面销售看，多数银行销售时长超过2小时。网上（手机）端因可同时容纳更多投资者购买，销售更加集中，部分银行网上（手机）端出现了瞬时的供需矛盾，32家银行的网上（手机）端销售时长平均约半小时，但是有2家银行销售时长持续不到1分钟，基本上是秒光，另有7家银行是6分钟内售罄。

Since April, the public has paid more attention to savings bonds, which was influenced by factors such as some banks lowering deposit interest rates and suspending sales of large deposit certificates. 99.7% of the planned electronic savings bonds issued in April were sold out on the first day of issuance, which was significantly faster than the average in recent years. At many banks' counters, the bonds were sold over two hours. As the internet or mobile phone platforms could accommodate more investors to buy products simultaneously, these sales were more concentrated, leading to a momentary imbalance between supply and demand of bonds in some banks. Online or on mobile platforms offered by 32 banks, investors had about half an hour on average to purchase savings bonds. The bonds were sold out online or on mobile platforms within a minute at two banks while at seven other banks the record was six minutes.

为了进一步满足投资者购债需求，下一步，我们将采取以下四项措施：一是密切关注储蓄国债的供需关系变化和销售情况，研究适当增加发行规模。“一债难求”核心就是需求旺盛，供给相对不足，所以我们下一步要研究适当增加发行规模。二是研究进一步调降单人购买限额，使储蓄国债能够惠及更多的投资者。三是在保障柜面销售的基础上，不断提升电子式储蓄国债的信息化服务水平，稳步增加电子式储蓄国债网上（手机）端销售额度。同时，加大宣传，引导更多的投资者通过网上（手机）端购债，改进购债体验。四是会同有关部门，进一步优化凭证式储蓄国债的额度分配机制，更好地匹配有实际需求的网点，并研究优化凭证式和电子式两种储蓄国债发行比例的中长期安排，更好地满足投资者购债需求。

In order to further meet investors' demand for bond purchases, we will take the following four measures in the next step: First, we will pay close attention to changes in the supply and demand relationship and sales of savings bonds, and study how to appropriately increase the issuance scale. The core of being "hard to purchase bonds for investors" is that demand is strong and supply is relatively insufficient. So, our next step is to appropriately increase the scale of issuance. Second, we will study how to further reduce the limits on individual purchases so that savings bonds can benefit more investors. Third, we will continuously improve the information service of electronic savings bonds on the basis of ensuring over-the-counter sales, and steadily increase the online (mobile phone) sales of electronic savings bonds. At the same time, we will encourage and guide more investors to purchase bonds online or through mobile banking, so as to improve their purchasing experience. Fourth, we will work with relevant departments to further optimize certificate savings bonds' mechanisms for quota allocation to better match branches with actual needs. We will optimize the mid- and long-term arrangements for the issuance ratio of certificate and electronic savings bonds to better meet the needs of investors' demand when purchasing bonds.

我就介绍这些。谢谢。

That's all for my introduction. Thank you.

第一财经记者:

Yicai:

去年四季度，中央财政增发了万亿国债，能否具体介绍一下国债资金的使用分配下达情况如何？以及在加强资金监管方面，财政部有哪些举措？谢谢。

In the fourth quarter of last year, the central government issued additional treasury bonds worth one trillion yuan. Can you give us a detailed explanation to the use and distribution of these additional funds? And what measures has the MOF taken to strengthen capital supervision? Thank you.

王建凡:

Wang Jianfan:

谢谢你的提问。按照党中央、国务院决策部署，经报全国人大常委会审查批准，2023年四季度增发国债1万亿元，集中力量支持灾后恢复重建和弥补防灾减灾救灾短板，这对整体提升我国抵御自然灾害能力、更好地保障人民群众生命财产安全具有重要意义。财政部认真抓好贯彻落实，细化工作方案，扎实有序做好各项工作。

Thank you for your questions. In accordance with the decisions and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and upon review and approval by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, an additional one trillion yuan of treasury bonds were issued in the fourth quarter of 2023, with a focus on supporting post-disaster recovery and reconstruction and making up for shortcomings in disaster prevention, reduction and relief. It is of great importance to comprehensively improve China's resiliency against natural disasters and better protect the safety of people's lives and property in China. The MOF has earnestly implemented and refined a work plan and has completed tasks in a concrete and orderly manner.

一是周密组织国债发行工作。在全国人大常委会审查批准增发国债方案后，财政部及时调整四季度国债发行计划，优化国债发行窗口和期限品种结构，动员国债承销团成员做好应债准备，保障增发国债顺利发行，足额筹集资金。在各有关方面协同配合下，2023年底前顺利完成1万亿元国债的发行任务。

First, we have organized the issuance of treasury bonds well. After the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress reviewed and approved the plan for the additional issuance of treasury bonds, the MOF promptly adjusted the treasury bond issuance plan for the fourth quarter, optimized the issuance window and the mix of bond maturities, mobilized members of the treasury bond underwriting group to prepare for debt repayments and ensured a smooth issuance of additional treasury bonds to raise funds fully. With the coordination and cooperation of all relevant parties, the issuance of one trillion yuan of treasury bonds was successfully completed by the end of 2023.

二是抓好国债资金分配下达。国家发展改革委、财政部会同相关部门建立了专项工作机制，及时组织国债项目申报、审核工作。根据专项工作机制确定的项目清单，财政部在今年2月份将1万亿元增发国债资金全部提前下达地方，并督促指导地方及时落实到具体单位和项目，根据项目建设进度加快安排使用，尽快形成实物工作量。

Second, we have worked hard in allocating funds raised by the issuance of treasury bonds. The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and the MOF, along with relevant departments, have established a special working mechanism to organize the application and review of treasury bond projects in a timely manner. According to the project list determined by the special working mechanism, the MOF had allocated all funds raised by the issuance of the additional treasury bond to localities in advance by this February. We have urged and guided local authorities to use these funds for specific units and projects in line with the pace of progress, resulting in practical outcomes as soon as possible.

三是做好增发国债资金调度。财政部建立了增发国债资金库款单独调拨机制，去年12月分两批向地方调度库款5000亿元，今年1-2月又分三批向地方调度库款5000亿元，两个5000亿元，实际上1万亿元已经全部调度给地方，确保各地不因资金影响项目建设进度。

Third, we have made good arrangements for funds raised from the issuance of additional treasury bonds. The MOF has established a separate allocation mechanism for these funds. In December of last year, we allocated 500 billion yuan of funds to local governments in two batches. From January to February of this year, we allocated another 500 billion yuan of funds to local governments in three batches. In general, all one trillion yuan has been allocated to localities to ensure that projects in various areas could be launched and promoted smoothly.

四是建立国债资金监管制度。财政部制定《增发2023年国债资金管理办法》，规范国债资金分配使用，完善预算管理一体化系统，对增发国债项目资金进行全流程监管，推动各地监管局建立常态化监管机制，及时发现和纠正存在的问题，促使地方规范使用资金，提高使用效益。

Fourth, we have established a supervision system for funds raised by treasury bonds. The MOF formulated the "Measures for the Management of Additional Treasury Bond Issuance in 2023" to standardize the allocation and use of funds raised by the government bonds, to improve the integrated budget management system and to conduct full-process supervision over funds. We have urged local regulatory bureaus to set up normalized supervision mechanisms in order to promptly discover and address existing issues. We have prompted local governments to standardize the use of funds and improve their efficiency.

下一步，财政部将积极发挥职能作用，指导地方加快推进项目实施，持续抓好增发国债资金监管，确保将宝贵的资金用在刀刃上，努力提高资金使用效益。谢谢。

Next, the MOF will actively utilize its functions, guide local governments to accelerate the implementation of projects and continuously enhance our supervision on the issuance of additional treasury bonds, ensuring the precision and efficiency of fund use. Thank you.

中央广播电视总台央视记者:

CCTV:

我们注意到，今年一季度中央财政出台了一些支持经济增长新动能的政策举措。请介绍一下有关情况，下一步还有哪些政策考虑？谢谢。

We have noticed that in the first quarter of this year, the central government introduced some policies supporting new drivers of economic growth. Could you please elaborate on the relevant situation and what policy considerations will be taken in the next step? Thank you.

王东伟:

Wang Dongwei:

谢谢您的提问，这个问题我来回答。确确实实，中央财政高度重视培育经济增长新动能，大力予以支持。我来作以下几个方面的回应：

Thank you for your question. I will answer it. The central government attaches great importance to cultivating new drivers of economic growth and vigorously supports them. I will respond in the following way:

一是着力支持制造业高质量发展。围绕大力推进现代化产业体系建设、加快发展新质生产力，中央财政安排制造业领域专项资金，支持加快推进关键技术、关键产业“补短板”“锻长板”，促进新一代信息技术、高端装备、新材料等产业跨越式发展。近期，我们将会同工信部等部门一道，实施新一轮的“专精特新”中小企业财政支持政策，培育更多产业链关键环节的“配套专家”；启动实施制造业新型技改城市试点工作，2024年安排资金30亿元，支持首批20个左右试点城市“智改数转网联”，提升制造业高端化、智能化、绿色化水平。

First, we focus on supporting the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry. Centering on vigorously promoting the building of a modernized industrial system and accelerating the development of new quality productive forces, the central government has allocated special funds in the manufacturing sector to make up for weaknesses and strengthen advantages in key technologies and industries and to promote leapfrog development in industries such as new-generation information technology, high-end equipment and new materials. Soon, we will collaborate with departments such as the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology to implement a new round of fiscal support policies for small and medium-sized enterprises with specialized and sophisticated technologies to produce novel and unique products , cultivating more corresponding experts in vital links within the industrial chain. We will pilot new technological transformation in some cities in the manufacturing sector and allocate 3 billion yuan in 2024 to support the "intelligent transformation, digital transformation and networking " of the first batch of around 20 pilot cities, so as to enhance the high-end, intelligent and green standards of the manufacturing industry.

二是着力推动数字经济发展壮大。中央财政聚焦数字经济关键环节给予支持，包括支持数字基础设施建设，培育工业互联网平台，促进中小企业数字化转型等，推动数字经济与实体经济深度融合。一季度，信息传输、软件和信息技术服务业增加值增速达到13.7%。2023年，我们安排30亿元，支持30个试点城市开展中小企业数字化转型城市试点，推动解决中小企业面临的“不敢转、不愿转、不会转”问题，这“三不”是非常突出的。今年再安排30亿元支持扩大试点范围。下一步，我们将会同有关部门启动交通基础设施数字化转型升级工作，支持对一批繁忙的国家高速公路、普通国道和高等级航道开展数字化改造，促进交通设施智慧扩容、安全增效、产业融合。

Second, we will focus on promoting the growth of the digital economy. The central government's fiscal support will spotlight key areas of the digital economy, including supporting the construction of digital infrastructure, cultivating industrial internet platforms and promoting the digital transformation of small and medium-sized enterprises, in order to promote the deep integration of the digital economy and the real economy. In the first quarter, the growth rate of the value added of information transmission, software and information technology services reached 13.7%. In 2023, we allocated 3 billion yuan to support 30 pilot cities in carrying out pilot projects for the digital transformation of small and medium-sized enterprises and address the prominent issue of "not daring to transform, unwilling to transform and not knowing how to transform" faced by those enterprises. This year, another 3 billion yuan will be allocated to expand the scope of the pilot. In the next step, we will work with relevant departments to launch the digital transformation and upgrading of transportation infrastructure, supporting the digital transformation of a number of busy national highways, ordinary national roads and high-grade waterways, aiming to promote intelligent expansion, safety efficiency improvements and industrial integration of transportation facilities.

三是着力扩大促进内需。打好财税政策组合拳，支持实施推动大规模设备更新和消费品以旧换新行动。围绕居民消费升级方向，统筹存量政策和新增政策，坚持中央财政和地方政府联动，积极推动汽车、家电等耐用消费品以旧换新，培育新的消费增长点；支持实施县域商业建设行动、现代商贸流通体系建设，提升消费服务保障水平。近期，我们还将会同有关部门启动实施县域充换电设施补短板工作，今年将支持24个省份70个左右试点县，挖掘农村新能源汽车消费潜力。

Third, we will focus on expanding and promoting domestic demand. We will make good use of fiscal and tax policies to support the implementation of large-scale equipment renewal and trade-ins of old consumer goods. Centering on the trend of upgrading residents' consumption, we will integrate existing policies with new ones, adhere to the linkage between the central government and local governments, actively promote the trade-in of old durable consumer goods, such as automobiles and household appliances, and cultivate new growth points for consumption. We will support the implementation of county-level actions for commercial construction and the construction of modern commercial and trade logistics systems to improve the level of guarantee for consumption service . Soon, we will work with relevant departments to launch county-level charging and battery swapping facilities to make up for weaknesses and, this year, we will support about 70 pilot counties in 24 provinces to tap the potential of new energy vehicle consumption within rural areas.

四是着力推动基础设施提质增效。我们统筹用好增发国债、地方政府专项债券、中央预算内投资、车购税资金等政策工具，推动重点领域、重大项目建设。比如，2022年以来，累计安排资金137亿元，支持2个批次25个城市实施国家综合货运枢纽补链强链工作，推动降低综合物流成本。

Fourth, we will focus on improving the quality and efficiency of infrastructure. We will comprehensively use policy such as additional issuance of treasury bonds, special local government bonds, the central government budget for investment and vehicle purchase tax funds to promote the construction of key fields and major projects. For example, since 2022, a total of 13.7 billion yuan has been allocated to support the implementation of national comprehensive freight hub reinforcement work in two batches of 25 cities, aiming to promote the reduction of comprehensive logistics costs.

下一步，我们将会同有关部门支持部分大中城市实施城市更新行动，开展地下管网更新改造等，同时再支持一批国家综合货运枢纽城市补链强链，进一步补齐基础设施的短板，更好地发挥政府投资的拉动效应。

Next, we will work with relevant departments to support some large and medium-sized cities in implementing urban renewal actions, including updating and renovating underground pipe networks. At the same time, we will support a new batch of cites to reinforce their functions as national comprehensive freight hubs. These efforts will further improve the shortcomings of infrastructure and better leverage the stimulus effect of government investment.

我就回答这么多。谢谢。

That's all I have to say. Thank you.

彭博新闻社记者:

Bloomberg News:

我的问题是，今年以来，地方专项债发行偏慢是什么原因？预计从什么时候开始提速？谢谢。

What is the reason for the slow issuance of local special bonds since the beginning of this year? And when is the issuance expected to speed up? Thank you.

王建凡:

Wang Jianfan:

为贯彻落实党中央、国务院决策部署，积极发挥地方政府债券作用，拉动有效投资，推动经济运行持续好转，2023年12月，财政部依法履行审批程序，向各地提前下达了部分2024年新增地方政府债务限额。

In order to implement the decisions and deployments of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, actively play the role of local government bonds, stimulate effective investment and promote steady economic recovery and growth, in December 2023, the MOF performed approval procedures in accordance with the law and approved part of the 2024 quota for local government special bonds in advance.

2024年，财政部会同有关部门不断优化调整专项债券投向领域和用作项目资本金范围，将更多新能源、新基建、新产业领域纳入专项债券投向领域，增加“独立新型储能”、“重点流域水环境综合治理”等纳入专项债券支持范围，引导地方加大对“国家级产业园区基础设施”、“5G融合应用设施”、“城中村改造”、“保障性住房”、“普通高校学生宿舍”等领域的支持力度，进一步谋划经济社会效益明显、带动效应强、群众期盼、早晚要干的重大项目；将“保障性住房”等纳入专项债券用作项目资本金范围，进一步发挥专项债券撬动作用。同时，指导地方围绕党中央、国务院确定的重点投向领域做好专项债券项目储备工作，严格落实专项债券禁止类项目清单。联合相关部门布置地方报送2024年新增专项债券项目需求，目前，财政部正在从项目成熟度、融资收益平衡、资金使用合规性等方面对项目加强审核把关，提高项目储备质量。

In 2024, the MOF will work with related departments to continuously improve and adjust the investment areas of local government special bonds and the scope of project capital. We will include more fields of new energy, new infrastructure and new industries for investment in local government special bonds. We will issue bonds to support independent new-type energy storage and the comprehensive treatment of water environments in key river basins; guide local governments to provide more support for areas including infrastructure of national industrial parks, integrated application of 5G technologies, urban village renovation, construction and supply of government-subsidized housing and college dormitories; further plan major projects that deliver significant socio-economic benefits, have a strong driving effect, are wanted by the people, and need to be implemented. We will allow the use of local government special bonds as project capital for government-subsidized housing to help the bonds play their leveraging role. Meanwhile, we will guide local governments to strengthen project reserve, focusing on key investment areas identified by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and strictly implement the list of prohibited items. We have worked with related departments to ask local governments to submit their demands for new special bond projects in 2024. Currently, the MOF has been strengthening the review of projects from the aspects of project maturity, balance of financing and revenues, and fund use compliance to improve the quality of project reserves.

2024年一季度，各地在提前下达的新增专项债务限额内发行专项债券，主要用于市政建设和产业园区基础设施、社会事业、交通基础设施、保障性安居工程等党中央、国务院确定的重点领域项目建设，发挥了专项债券资金强基础、补短板、惠民生、扩投资等积极作用。一季度发行规模小于往年，一方面是以往年度为应对疫情冲击等特殊因素影响，加大年初发行规模，另一方面也与地方项目建设资金需求、冬春季节施工条件、债券市场利率等因素相关，同时我们也在提高专项债项目质量、加强项目前期准备等方面做了大量工作，总体看全年发行规模总体仍然是符合预期的。

In the first quarter of 2024, all localities issued special bonds within the limit of the 2024 quota for local government special bonds approved in advance, mainly for the construction of projects in key areas identified by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, such as municipal construction, industrial park infrastructure, social programs, transportation infrastructure and government-subsidized housing projects. Special bonds have played a positive role in strengthening the economic foundation, shoring up weak links, improving people's lives and expanding investment. The issuance scale of special bonds in the first four months was smaller than the same period in previous years. This is due to two factors. On one hand, the scale of issuances at the beginning of previous years was expanded to cope with the impact of special factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic. On the other hand, it is also related to demand for local project construction funds, conditions for construction in winter and spring, bond market interest rates and other factors. At the same time, we have also done a lot of work to improve the quality of special bond projects and strengthen the preliminary preparations of projects. Overall, the issuance scale for the whole year is still in line with expectations.

下一步，财政部将会同相关部门指导地方合理把握专项债券发行节奏，优化政府投资节奏和力度，指导保障重大项目资金需求，提高债券资金使用绩效，发挥好政府投资的带动放大效应，巩固和增强经济回升向好态势，持续推动经济实现质的有效提升和量的合理增长。谢谢。

Next, the MOF will work with related departments to guide local governments to issue special bonds at the right pace, optimize the pace and scale of government investment, guide and ensure the funding demand of major projects, use special bonds more efficiently, give full play to the driving and amplifying effect of government investment, consolidate and build momentum for economic recovery and growth, and continue to effectively pursue higher-quality economic growth and appropriately increase economic output. Thank you.

光明日报记者:

Guangming Daily:

当前，春耕春播进入关键时期，请问今年以来中央财政支持春耕备耕的情况如何？有什么新的举措？谢谢。

At present, spring plowing and sowing have entered a critical period. How has the central government's financial support for spring plowing been this year? Are there any new initiatives? Thank you.

王东伟:

Wang Dongwei:

谢谢你的提问，这个问题我来回答。一年之计在于春，春耕生产对于稳定全年农业特别是粮食生产具有重要意义。中央财政强化资金政策保障，今年农业生产相关资金已经下达，支持实现全年农业生产开门红。这里有几点给大家讲一下：

Thank you for your questions. I will answer your questions. Plans for the year begin in spring. Spring plowing is of great significance for stabilizing agricultural production throughout the year, and especially grain production. The central government has strengthened policy implementation, and funds related to agricultural production have been allocated this year to support a good start to agricultural production throughout the year. I would like to share several points with you.

第一，注重在“地”上多维用力，支持夯实粮食生产根基。主要有三项措施：一是加大资金投入。指导地方用好2023年底增发的国债资金2249亿元，高质高效推进高标准农田建设、灌区改造提升等项目，今年通过转移支付等继续予以支持，建成适宜耕作、旱涝保收、高产稳产的现代化良田。二是提高补助标准。将中央财政对高标准农田建设的亩均补助标准由1300元提高到2400元，同时取消地方对产粮大县的资金配套要求。三是扩大支持范围。安排52亿元将黑土地保护性耕作实施面积扩大到1亿亩。安排40亿元将盐碱地综合利用试点从2个省份扩大到12个省份，坚持“以种适地”与“以地适种”相结合，拓展农业生产空间。

First, we will focus multidimensional efforts on the land to help consolidate the foundation of grain production. There are three main measures: First, we will increase capital investment. We are guiding all localities to make good use of an additional 224.9 billion yuan of treasury bonds issued at the end of 2023 to efficiently advance the cultivation of high-standard cropland, and the redevelopment and upgrading of irrigated areas. Continued support will be provided this year through transfer payment to cultivate modern and high-quality farmland with high and stable yields regardless of drought or floods. Second, subsidies for farming have been increased. The central government's subsidy per mu of high-standard cropland has been increased from 1,300 yuan to 2,400 yuan, and local requirements for supporting funds from major grain-producing counties have been canceled. Third, the scope of support has been expanded. An allocation of 5.2 billion yuan will be used for expanding the conservational tillage area of black soil to 100 million mu. A total of 4 billion yuan has been allocated for expanding pilot programs for comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali land from two provinces to 12 provinces. We should either grow tolerant crops in such land or transform such land for specific crops, so as to expand the space for agricultural production.

第二，注重在“技”上多向发力，支持农业生产节本增效。主要也有三点：一是支持粮油大面积单产提升。安排40亿元支持实施粮油规模种植主体单产提升行动，推广应用密植、精播等增产技术。安排34亿元，支持开展粮油等重点作物绿色高产高效行动，加快良田良种良机良法良制系统集成。二是支持种业振兴行动。安排110亿元，持续支持推进玉米、大豆等重点品种种源关键核心技术攻关，开展重大品种研发推广应用一体化试点，实施制种大县奖励等政策。三是支持农业装备推广应用。今年安排246亿元支持农机购置与应用补贴，加力实施农机报废更新。刚才讲新一轮大规模设备以旧换新，农机的报废更新也是其中一项。

Second, we focus on strengthening efforts in technology to support cost reductions and efficiency improvements in agricultural production. There are three main aspects: Firstly, supporting the increase in per unit yields for grain and oil crops across large areas. An allocation of 4 billion yuan will support the implementation of actions to increase the per unit yields of large-scale planters of grain and oil crops and promote the application of technologies such as dense planting and precision seeding to increase production. An allocation of 3.4 billion yuan will support the implementation of actions to grow key crops such as grain and oil crops through an eco-friendly, high-yield, and efficient approach, accelerating the integrated utilization of fertile fields, good seeds, high-quality machines, and useful methods and management systems. Secondly, supporting the revitalization of the seed industry. An allocation of 11 billion yuan will continue to support the seed source related key core technology R&D of key varieties such as corn and soybeans, and be used to carry out integrated pilot projects for the research, development, promotion and application of major varieties, implementing policies such as incentives for counties with significant seed production. Thirdly, supporting the promotion and application of agricultural equipment. This year, an allocation of 24.6 billion yuan will support the subsidization for purchase and application of agricultural machinery and strengthen the implementation of the scrapping and replacement of old agricultural machinery, which is included in the new round of large-scale equipment upgrades that I just mentioned.

第三，注重在“服”上多点助力，支持完善农业服务体系。主要包括：一是加大社会化服务的支持。安排88亿元支持各地开展农业社会化服务，助力破解“谁来种地”难题。二是夯实农业人才基础。安排58亿元支持实施国家神农英才计划、“头雁”计划和高素质农民培育等，加快打造与农业发展相适应的农业人才队伍。三是强化农业信贷担保服务。安排42亿元奖补资金，支持全国农业信贷担保体系围绕粮食生产、加工、流通等创新完善担保产品。截至3月底，在保项目有113万个、在保余额达到3980亿元。

Third, we focus on providing support to enhance services and improve the agricultural service system. The main aspects include: Firstly, increasing support for socialized services. An allocation of 8.8 billion yuan will support various regions in providing commercial agricultural services to help solve the problem of "who will farm." Secondly, strengthening the foundation of agricultural talent. An allocation of 5.8 billion yuan will support the implementation of the Shennong elite project, a national program for fostering strategic scientists in agriculture, and the Touyan project that prepares leaders for rural revitalization, as well as programs to develop competent farmers, accelerating the cultivation of agricultural talent adapted to agricultural development. Thirdly, strengthening agricultural credit guarantee services. An allocation of 4.2 billion yuan in fund for rewards and subsidies will offer support for the national agricultural credit guarantee system to innovate and improve products related to grain production, processing and circulation. As of the end of March, there were 1.13 million projects under guarantee, with a balance of 398 billion yuan under guarantee.

第四，注重在“策”上综合用力，健全种粮收益保障机制。有四点：一是保障种粮农民收益。安排1852亿元继续实施耕地地力保护补贴、玉米大豆生产者补贴、稻谷补贴，提高小麦、早籼稻最低收购价。落实国产大豆压榨加工奖补政策，稳定种豆预期。二是强化粮食主产区的支持。产粮大县的奖励资金今年安排了571亿元，实现了“十九连增”。安排农业保险保费补贴562亿元，全面实施三大粮食作物完全成本和种植收入保险政策。三是全力支持农业防灾减灾救灾。农业春耕的时候，小麦开展“一喷三防”非常重要，我们提前下达16亿元做好这个工作。一季度还下达10多亿元，支持应对雨雪冰冻和干旱影响。加强农作物病虫害态势研判，近期还要下达相关的防控资金。四是健全多元化投入机制，发挥好财政资金“四两拨千斤”的撬动作用，创新投入方式，与金融政策联动，发挥政策效应。

Fourth, we focus on creating synergy of policies to improve the grain production income guarantee mechanism. There are four points: Firstly, ensuring the income of grain farmers. An allocation of 185.2 billion yuan will be used to continue subsidies protecting cultivated land fertility, subsidies for corn and soybean producers, and rice-related subsidies, and to increase the minimum purchase price for wheat and early indica rice. We implement policies to reward and subsidize domestic soybean crushing and processing and stabilize soybean planting expectations. Secondly, strengthening support for major grain-producing areas. This year, 57.1 billion yuan has been allocated for incentive funds in major grain-producing counties, achieving 19 consecutive increases. An allocation of 56.2 billion yuan for agricultural insurance premium subsidies will ensure the comprehensive implementation of the policy to insure the full cost and planting income of three major grain crops. Thirdly, fully supporting agricultural disaster prevention, reduction and relief efforts. Carrying out the approach of spraying pesticides, germicides, plant growth regulators and foliar fertilizers to prevent plant diseases, insect pests, and dry-hot wind hazards is very important for wheat production during the spring plowing season. We have allocated 1.6 billion yuan in advance to carry out this work. In the first quarter, more than one billion yuan was allocated to support the efforts in response to the impact of rain, snow, freeze and drought. We strengthened the assessment of crop pest and disease situations and will allocate relevant funds for prevention and control in the near future. Fourthly, improving the diversified input mechanism. We give play to the leverage effect of fiscal funds, innovating investment methods, coordinating with financial policies, and leveraging policy effects.

我就回答这么多，谢谢。

That is all from me. Thank you.

深圳卫视直新闻记者:

Zhinews of Shenzhen Satellite TV:

我国政府采购规模巨大，对经济社会发展具有重要的导向和促进作用。想请问一下，下一步政府采购在推动创新、建立现代化产业体系方面有何新举措？谢谢。

The scale of government procurement in China is huge and plays an important role in guiding and promoting socio-economic development. What new measures will be taken in government procurement next to promote innovation and establish a modern industrial system? Thank you.

李先忠:

Li Xianzhong:

谢谢您的提问。近年来，财政部积极发挥政府采购在支持科技创新、绿色环保、中小企业和乡村振兴等方面的作用，助力经济社会高质量发展。下一步，财政部将按照党中央、国务院决策部署，围绕支持新质生产力发展、构建现代化产业体系，不断建立健全符合国际规则的政府采购政策体系。今年，主要做好三件事：

Thank you for your question. In recent years, the MOF has actively utilized government procurement to support technological innovation, green environmental protection, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and rural revitalization, assisting in the high-quality development of the economy and society. Next, in accordance with the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, the MOF will continuously establish and improve a government procurement policy system that conforms to international rules, focusing on supporting the development of new quality productive forces and constructing a modern industrial system. This year, our work will mainly involve three aspects:

一是研究建立合作创新政府采购制度。合作创新采购，指的是对于目前市场上没有的、需要研发的创新产品，由采购单位从研发环节提前介入，先购买研发服务，再购买研发产品。我们把这种新的采购方式特点概括为“两给两共”：既对供应商的研发成本“给补偿”，又以承诺购买一定量创新产品的方式“给订单”，通过“共同分担研发风险”、“共同开拓初始市场”，激发企业创新活力。这种方式有利于推动创新产品从需求、研发到应用推广的一体化管理，更好地支持应用技术创新和科技成果转化。前期，财政部研究起草了《政府采购合作创新采购方式管理暂行办法》，并公开征求了各方意见，现已具备出台条件，拟于近期印发。

First, we will study and establish a cooperative innovation government procurement system. Cooperative innovation procurement refers to the procurement of innovative products that are not currently available on the market and require research and development, with the procurers starting to get involved as early as in the R&D stage, purchasing R&D services first and then purchasing the newly developed products. We summarized the characteristics of this new procurement method: it not only compensates suppliers for their R&D costs but also places orders in the form of a commitment to purchase a certain amount of innovative products, stimulating corporate innovation vitality through sharing R&D risks and jointly exploring initial markets. This approach is conducive to promoting the integrated management of innovative products from discovering demand and R&D to application and promotion, better supporting the innovation of applied technologies and the transformation of sci-tech achievements. Previously, the MOF did research and drafted the interim regulatory measures for cooperative innovation government procurement, and publicly solicited opinions from all parties. The measures are now ready for issuance and will be released in the near future.

二是继续完善政府绿色采购政策。近年来，为促进建筑行业绿色转型升级，财政部会同相关部门制定了政府采购支持绿色建材、促进建筑品质提升的政策，在一些地方开展了试点。今年将在总结试点经验的基础上，扩大政策实施范围，试点城市将由48个扩大到100个，绿色建材政府采购需求标准涵盖的产品由75种增加至100种，进一步加大对绿色建筑和绿色建材推广应用的支持力度。同时，进一步深化、拓展对其他类绿色产品政府采购支持政策，对符合条件的绿色产品强化强制采购或优先采购的政策措施，持续发挥政府绿色采购的示范引领作用。

Second, we will continue to improve the policies which support government procurement of green products. In recent years, as part of efforts to promote green transformation and upgrade of the building industry, the MOF has worked with relevant departments to adopt policies which support government procurement of green building materials in order to construct higher-quality buildings. Trials have been launched in various places. This year, based on knowledge gained from these trials, the ministry will expand the scope of policy implementation, with the number of trial cities rising from 48 to 100 and the number of green building material products covered by government procurement standards increasing from 75 to 100. By doing so, we will further intensify our support for promoting green buildings and using green building materials. Meanwhile, the ministry will further deepen and expand policies that support government procurement of other green products, strengthening policies and measures involving compulsory or preferential government procurement of eligible green products. All these will ensure that the government continues to leverage its role as a model and leader in procurement of green products.

三是持续推动政府采购平等对待内外资企业政策落地落实。政府采购对内外资企业在中国境内生产的产品、提供的服务一视同仁、平等对待，是我们一贯坚持的政策取向。2021年，财政部印发了《关于在政府采购活动中落实平等对待内外资企业有关政策的通知》，对此又专门作出重申和强调。下一步，我们将加强对采购人、采购代理机构的日常监督管理，聚焦区别对待内外资企业等问题，持续开展专项清理，加大执法力度，依法惩治各类违法违规行为。此外，我们还将借鉴国际通行做法，研究制定政府采购本国产品标准，更好保障平等对待内外资企业的政策在政府采购领域落地落实。

Third, we will continue to implement policies involving equal treatment of domestic and foreign enterprises in terms of government procurement. Products made and services provided by both domestic and foreign enterprises in China must be treated on an equal footing during government procurement. This has been our consistent policy. In 2021, the MOF issued a notice on implementing policies involving equal treatment of domestic and foreign enterprises in terms of government procurement , reiterating and stressing this principle. Next, we will enhance regular supervision over procurement staff and agencies, and conduct special rectification focusing on their unequal treatment of domestic and foreign enterprises. We will intensify law enforcement and punish by law those who violate laws and regulations. In addition, we will learn from standard international practices and, after research, set up standards for government procurement of products made in China, aiming to better ensure the implementation of policies involving equal treatment of domestic and foreign enterprises in terms of government procurement.

我就回答这些。谢谢。

That's all from me. Thank you.

每日经济新闻记者:

National Business Daily:

政府工作报告提出，从今年开始拟连续几年发行超长期特别国债，专项用于国家重大战略实施和重点领域安全能力建设，2024年先发行1万亿元。请问，财政部在超长期特别国债方面开展了哪些工作？下一步有什么考虑？

It was proposed in this year's government work report that starting this year ultra-long special treasury bonds will be issued for the next several years. These bonds will be used to implement major national strategies and build up security capacity in key areas. One trillion yuan of such bonds will be issued in 2024. My questions are: What has the MOF done in regard to ultra-long special treasury bonds? And what is being planned for the next step?

王建凡:

Wang Jianfan:

谢谢你的提问。发行超长期特别国债是党中央、国务院着眼战略全局作出的重大战略部署，对推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业具有重要意义。经全国人民代表大会审查批准，财政部已经将2024年超长期特别国债收支纳入2024年预算。同时，扎实推进超长期特别国债前期准备工作，积极参与制定支持国家重大战略和重点领域安全能力建设的行动方案。

Thank you for your questions. The issuance of ultra-long special treasury bonds is a major strategic decision made by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, which is of great importance when it comes to building a great country and achieving national rejuvenation. With examination and approval by the National People's Congress, the MOF has included in the budget for 2024 the revenue and expenditure generated from ultra-long special treasury bonds in 2024. Meanwhile, the preparatory work for ultra-long special treasury bond issuance has made steady progress. The ministry has actively participated in making an action plan to support the implementation of major national strategies and enhance the country's capacities to ensure security in key areas.

下一步，财政部将持续抓好贯彻落实，与有关方面密切协同配合，做好超长期特别国债各项工作。

For the next step, with a focus on implementation, the MOF will closely coordinate and cooperate with relevant authorities in all work involving ultra-long special treasury bonds.

一是根据超长期特别国债项目分配情况，及时启动超长期特别国债发行工作。我们将结合债券市场需求和超长期特别国债对应建设项目的实施周期，科学设计发行品种期限，实现与项目期限的合理匹配。同时，统筹一般国债和特别国债发行，合理安排发行节奏，切实保障特别国债项目资金需求。

First, we will promptly issue ultra-long special treasury bonds according to their project allocations. Based on the bond market demand and the implementation timetable of projects supported by ultra-long special treasury bonds, we will scientifically design bond variety and maturity, so that the bond issuance will match the projects' timespan. Meanwhile, we will coordinate the issuance of general treasury bonds and special treasury bonds, ensuring that they are issued at the right pace and satisfying funding needs for projects supported by special treasury bonds.

二是加强中央和地方资金、存量和增量资金统筹，与超长期特别国债资金形成合力，提高资金整体效能。

Second, we will strengthen coordination between central and local government funds, and between existing funds and the increase of funds. With funds raised from the issuance of ultra-long special treasury bonds, they will form a synergy so that their overall effectiveness is enhanced.

三是结合超长期特别国债资金实际，研究建立监管机制，加强对资金分配、下达和使用的全过程监管，确保规范、安全、高效使用。谢谢。

Third, we will study and establish supervision mechanisms based on funds raised from the issuance of ultra-long special treasury bonds. We will strengthen supervision over the whole process of fund allocation, distribution and utilization, ensuring the funds are well regulated and used in a safe and efficient way.

极目新闻记者:

Jimu News:

宏观数据显示，今年一季度经济整体持续回升向好。请问，下阶段积极的财政政策将从哪些方面着力，巩固经济向好势头？谢谢。

Macroeconomic data shows that the economy has continued to recover and improve in the first quarter of this year. Could you please elaborate on the specific areas where proactive fiscal policies will focus in the next phase to reinforce this positive economic momentum? Thank you.

王东伟:

Wang Dongwei:

谢谢您的提问，我来回答这个问题。今年《政府工作报告》明确，积极的财政政策要适度加力、提质增效。从一季度收支情况来看，财政政策靠前发力，政策效能正在加快释放，为经济持续回升向好提供了有力支持。下一步，财政部将重点从六个方面持续发力：

Thank you for your question. Let me answer it. This year's government report explicitly states that we should appropriately enhance the intensity of our proactive fiscal policy and improve its quality and effectiveness. By observing the fiscal revenue and expenditure in the first quarter, it is evident that fiscal policy has been proactively deployed efficiently and quickly in order to provide robust support for the continued improvement and recovery of the economy. Moving forward, the MOF will focus on six key areas:

一是全力支持以科技创新引领产业创新。对标国家战略需求，加大基础研究、应用基础研究、前沿研究的投入力度，推动加快实施一批国家重大科技项目，支持开展颠覆性技术、前沿技术研究，推进关键核心技术攻关。落实结构性减税降费政策，重点支持科技创新和制造业发展，并统筹运用好财政专项资金和政府投资基金等政策工具，支持战略性新兴产业发展壮大，传统产业加快转型升级。

First, we will fully support sci-tech advancements to lead industrial innovation. In line with national strategic requirements, we will increase investments in basic research, applied basic research and cutting-edge research. We aim to accelerate the implementation of major national sci-tech projects, support research on disruptive and frontier technologies and advance the development of critical technologies. We will implement structural tax cuts and fee reductions, focusing on supporting sci-tech and manufacturing innovation. Moreover, we will coordinate the use of special fiscal funds and government investment funds to foster the growth of strategic emerging industries and accelerate the transformation and progression of traditional industries.

二是着力支持扩大国内需求。统筹用好相关国债资金、地方政府专项债券、中央预算内投资等政策工具，带动扩大社会有效投资。同时，落实完善财税支持政策，积极推动汽车、家电等耐用消费品以旧换新，促进扩大国内消费。

Second, we will focus on boosting domestic demand. We will coordinate the effective use of policy instruments such as government bonds, special local government bonds and central budget investments to drive the expansion of effective social investment. Meanwhile, we will implement and refine fiscal and tax support policies, actively promote replacing old durable goods, like cars and home appliances, so as to encourage expanding domestic consumption.

三是积极支持改善和增进民生福祉。教育方面，重点增加高中教育投入，保障学生资助资金需求。促进义务教育优质均衡发展，推动学前教育普及普惠和职业学校办学条件达标。推进中国特色、世界一流大学和优势学科建设。社保方面，加大对基本养老保险基金补助力度，推动提高公共卫生服务水平，大力实施就业优先政策，做好困难群众救助工作。环保方面，继续支持打好污染防治攻坚战，这里面有两个非常重要的点我给大家介绍一下，一是设立“三北”工程建设补助资金，支持生态系统修复治理重点项目；另一个是设立废弃电器电子产品处理专项资金，促进资源综合利用。

Third, we are committed to actively supporting the improvement and enhancement of the public's welfare and livelihood. In education, our focus is on increasing funding for high school education to meet the financial needs of students. We will promote the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education, advocate for widespread and enhanced public-interest preschool education and ensure that vocational schools meet fixed standards. We will also push forward the development of world-class universities with Chinese characteristics and superior disciplines. In terms of social security, we will enhance subsidies for basic pension insurance funds, elevate public health service standards, vigorously implement first-rate employment policies and assist people in need. Regarding environmental protection, we will continue to effectively combat pollution. There are two significant points to highlight. First, we have established subsidy funds for the shelterbelt program in northwest, north and northeast China to support key projects in ecosystem restoration and management; second, we have created special funds dedicated to the disposal of electrical waste and electronic products to promote the comprehensive use of resources.

四是更高水平保障粮食和能源安全。进一步加大产粮大县奖励力度，资金规模实现“十九连增”，更加有效地调动主产区重农抓粮的积极性。同时，加大农业保险保费补贴政策支持力度，加大对大宗农产品的保险保障。积极支持做好能源保供稳价，促进可再生能源健康可持续发展，支持鼓励非常规天然气增产上量，多措并举提升能源保障能力。

Fourth, we are committed to enhancing food and energy security at a higher level. We will increase incentives for major grain-producing counties, achieving a "19th consecutive increase" in funding to effectively motivate key production areas to prioritize agriculture and grain production. Additionally, we will enhance support for agricultural insurance premium subsidies and expand insurance coverage for major agricultural products. We will actively support efforts to ensure a stable energy supply and price stabilization, promote the sustainable development of renewable energy, encourage an increase in the production of unconventional natural gas and take multiple measures to improve energy security.

五是推进城乡区域协调发展。落实完善财税政策，大力推动新型城镇化，支持地方推进农业转移人口市民化，推动实施重大区域战略，加大对革命老区、民族地区、边疆地区等特殊区域的支持力度。

Fifth, we will promote coordinated urban and rural regional development. We will implement and improve fiscal and tax policies, vigorously promote new urbanization, support local governments in moving faster to grant permanent urban residency to eligible people who have moved to cities from rural areas, facilitate the implementation of major regional strategies and increase support for special regions such as old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority regions and border areas.

六是加强预算执行管理和财政运行监测。指导督促地方和部分部门抓紧将已下达的预算，细化实化到具体项目上，让政策的效能能够尽快地释放出来，资金使用的效益能够充分发挥出来。同时加强对财政收支分析研判，加强对基层“三保”运行监测，坚决落实党政机关习惯过紧日子要求，强化预算执行约束，促进财政资金安全规范使用。

Sixth, we will strengthen budget execution management and financial operation monitoring. We will direct local authorities and relevant departments to promptly refine allocated budgets into specific projects, enabling rapid release of policy effectiveness and maximizing the benefits of fund utilization. Simultaneously, we will enhance fiscal revenue and expenditure analysis to ensure that at the primary level basic living needs are met, salaries are paid and governments function smoothly. In addition, we will resolutely implement austerity measures for party and government organs, reinforce budget execution constraints and promote the safe and standardized use of fiscal funds.

在做好上述六方面工作的同时，还要按照党中央、国务院决策部署，更好地统筹发展与安全，持续推进地方政府债务风险防范化解工作，加快化债方案推进实施，分类推进地方政府融资平台改革转型。

While focusing on the six aspects outlined above, we will also adhere to the decisions and arrangements of the Party Central Committee and the State Council to better coordinate development and security, to continuously advance the prevention and resolution of local government debt risks, to accelerate the implementation of plans to defuse risks and to promote the reform and transformation of local government financing platforms in a classified manner.

这个问题我就回答这么多。谢谢。

That's all for my response to this question. Thank you.

谢应君:

Xie Yingjun:

感谢各位发布人的介绍，感谢各位记者朋友的参与。今天的发布会就到这里。

Thank you to all of the speakers of your briefings. Thank you to all the journalists for your participation. Today's press conference is now concluded.