陈文俊:

Chen Wenjun:

女士们、先生们，上午好。国务院新闻办公室今天举行“权威部门话开局”系列主题新闻发布会的第29场，介绍“推动卫生健康事业高质量发展 护佑人民健康”方面的情况，并回答各位关心的问题。出席今天新闻发布会的有：国家卫生健康委副主任雷海潮先生，国家卫生健康委副主任、国家疾病预防控制局局长王贺胜先生，国家卫生健康委党组成员、国家中医药管理局局长余艳红女士，国家卫生健康委办公厅主任王斌女士。

Ladies and gentlemen, good morning. Welcome to this press conference held by the State Council Information Office (SCIO). This is the 29th briefing in the series "Embarking on the New Journey — A Government Perspective." Today's conference is about promoting high-quality development of health undertakings and protecting people's health. We have invited Mr. Lei Haichao, vice minister of the National Health Commission (NHC); Mr. Wang Hesheng, vice minister of the NHC and administrator of the National Disease Control and Prevention Administration; Ms. Yu Yanhong, a member of the Leading Party Members Group of the NHC and commissioner of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine; and Ms. Wang Bin, director general of the General Office of the NHC. They will answer your questions.

现在，我们先请雷海潮先生作简要介绍。

Now, I'll give the floor to Mr. Lei for his introduction.

雷海潮:

Lei Haichao:

各位媒体朋友，大家上午好!非常高兴在这里能够跟大家分享关于卫生健康工作方面的进展情况，也通过大家向广大关心卫生健康工作的朋友们作一个汇报。首先，在这里感谢社会各界和各位媒体长期以来对我国卫生健康工作的高度重视，以及给予我们的充分肯定和鼓励。

Friends from the media, good morning. I am delighted to share with you the updates on our health initiatives and report to those who hold our health projects in high regard. First, I would like to express my gratitude to all sectors of society and the media for your sustained interest in China's health endeavors, and the acknowledgment and support you have extended to us.

健康连着千家万户的幸福，关系国家和民族的未来。习近平总书记强调，人民健康是社会主义现代化的重要标志。今年以来，我们深入贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的二十大精神，深入开展主题教育，全力推动新冠疫情防控平稳转段，抓好“乙类乙管”常态化防治工作，加快推动健康中国行动，遴选49个国家区域医疗中心建设项目，启动了81个紧密型城市医疗集团建设工作，推进公立医院高质量发展，全面推开紧密型县域医共体建设，启动改善就医感受、提升患者体验三年主题活动，大力促进乡村医疗卫生服务体系发展，已经有82.7%二级以上公立医院开展了预约诊疗服务，人均基本公共卫生经费补助水平达到89元。基本公共卫生服务的可及性、公平性和服务质量有了新的改善和提升。我们将继续深入贯彻落实党的二十大精神，扎实推动卫生健康事业高质量发展。有以下几方面的考虑：

Health affects the happiness of every family and plays a significant role in shaping the future of our nation. General Secretary Xi Jinping has highlighted that health is an important indicator of socialist modernization. Since the beginning of this year, we have implemented Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and the guiding principles of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC). We have engaged in in-depth thematic education and transitioned into a regular COVID-19 response phase, applying prevention and control measures for Class B infectious diseases. We have fast-tracked the Healthy China Initiative, launched 49 regional medical center projects, begun the development of 81 integrated urban medical groups, and championed the high-quality development of public hospitals. Our efforts extended to the comprehensive establishment of closely-knit county-level medical communities. We have initiated a three-year campaign to improve medical services and patient experience, while actively advancing the development of the rural medical and healthcare service system. A total of 82.7% of public hospitals at the second tier and above now offer appointment-based medical services, and the per capita subsidy for basic public health has reached 89 yuan. We have seen marked enhancements in the accessibility, fairness and quality of our basic public health services. We remain committed to the guiding principles of the 20th CPC National Congress and are resolute in advancing the high-quality progression of the health and wellness sector. In doing so, we have considered the following aspects:

一是深入开展健康中国行动和爱国卫生运动，进一步控制居民健康的主要影响因素。积极倡导文明健康绿色环保的生活方式，推进卫生城镇和健康城镇建设。实施国民营养计划与合理膳食行动，推进心脑血管疾病、癌症等重大慢性疾病的防治专项工作。加强精神疾病管理和职业病危害治理，进一步控制和消除一批重大疾病的危害。

First, we aim to delve deeper into the Healthy China Initiative and the patriotic health campaign. Our goal is to mitigate the primary health risks faced by citizens. We advocate lifestyles centered around civility, health and eco-friendliness, while pushing forward the development of clean, health-focused cities. We have rolled out national nutrition strategies and encouraged balanced diets. We have also launched special initiatives focusing on the prevention and treatment of major chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. Additionally, we have ramped up our approach to mental health care and occupational disease management, with the goal of drastically reducing and eventually eliminating the risks of major health threats.

二是以基层为重点着力提升医疗卫生服务水平，以公益性为导向持续深化公立医院改革。完善分级诊疗制度，促进优质医疗资源均衡布局和扩容下沉。持续推进国家医学中心和国家区域医疗中心建设。“十四五”期间，国家、省、市县分别支持建设不少于750个、5000个和1万个临床重点专科。争取在人口规模较大的城市使其医疗机构能够达到三甲医院水平。全国至少1000家县级医院达到三级医院医疗服务能力和水平。重点推进1000所中心乡镇卫生院达到二级医院服务能力和水平，形成城带乡、县乡一体和乡村一体发展格局。优化医疗服务和质量管理，完善平急结合、快速反应的医疗应急体系，国家级紧急医疗救援队覆盖各省。

Second, we have emphasized enhancing healthcare services at the grassroots level and have consistently deepened reforms in public hospitals with public welfare as our guiding principle. We have improved the tiered diagnosis and treatment system, ensuring that quality medical resources are distributed more equitably and expanded to grassroots and lower-tier medical facilities. We have been pushing forward with the construction of national medical centers and regional medical centers. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, there has been support for the establishment of no fewer than 750, 5,000 and 10,000 key clinical specialties at the national, provincial and city/county levels, respectively. We aim for medical facilities in cities with larger populations to reach the standards of Grade 3A hospitals. Across the nation, at least 1,000 county-level hospitals have been targeted to reach the standards of Grade 3 hospitals. Also, we have emphasized elevating 1,000 central township health centers to Grade 2 hospital standards. Building on these efforts, we have fostered a developmental framework that combines urban with rural settings, creating a cohesive bond between counties and villages. We have enhanced medical services and quality management, and have perfected a medical emergency system that balances routine and urgent care with rapid response capabilities. National-level emergency medical rescue teams have now been established in every province.

三是坚决筑牢公共卫生防护网，切实为维护人民群众健康和经济社会发展提供有力保障。继续做好新冠疫情、流感、儿童支原体肺炎等方面的疫情防控，不断加强艾滋病、结核病、肝炎等重大传染病的防控和地方病防控工作。系统推进疾控体系改革和高质量发展，提升监测预警、应急处置、实验室检测和流行病学调查等方面的专业能力，促进医防协同和医防融合，基本建成适应国家公共卫生需要的强大公共卫生体系。

Third, we have built a robust public health shield to ensure the well-being of our citizens and support socio-economic growth. We have continued to manage the prevention and control of outbreaks such as COVID-19, influenza and mycoplasma pneumonia in children, and have continually strengthened the prevention and control of major infectious diseases like AIDS, tuberculosis, hepatitis, as well as regional disease control efforts. We have systematically advanced the reform and high-quality development of the disease control system, enhancing professional capabilities in areas such as surveillance and early warning, emergency response, laboratory testing and epidemiological investigation. We have promoted the coordination and integration of medical and preventive care, and have essentially built a powerful public health system that meets the nation's public health needs.

四是持续加大“一老一幼”健康服务供给，促进人口高质量发展。推动优化生育政策支持体系，支持普惠托育建设工程。强化65岁以上老年人，尤其是失能和半失能老年人日常健康管理和服务，推动国家区域老年医学中心和老年医院建设，二级以上综合医院老年医学科设置比例要达到60%以上。深入实施母婴安全行动和健康儿童行动提升计划，新生儿遗传代谢性疾病筛查率达到98%以上。

Fourth, we will continue to improve health service provision for older people and children to promote high-quality population development. We will improve policies supporting childbirth and support the program of childcare services for the benefit of all. Additionally, we will strengthen daily health management and services for older people over the age of 65, especially those who have lost or are nearly losing their ability to take care of themselves. We will work to foster the development of national and regional centers for gerontology and geriatric hospitals, ensuring that the proportion of gerontology departments in Grade II general hospitals and above reaches over 60%. Moreover, we will implement the new action plan to guarantee maternal and infant safety, as well as the plan to safeguard children's health, aiming to achieve a screening rate of over 98% for genetically metabolic diseases in newborn babies.

五是大力推进中医药传承创新发展，提供更加便捷可及的中医药服务。实施中医药振兴发展重大工程，推进国家中医药综合改革示范区建设，开展中医药传承创新试点项目。实施中医药特色人才培养工程，加强中西医结合高层次人才培养，推进实施中医药文化弘扬工程。

Fifth, we will make greater efforts to promote the preservation and innovative development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), aiming to make these services more convenient and accessible. We will implement initiatives to revitalize and develop TCM and establish pilot zones to advance comprehensive TCM reforms. Additionally, we will also launch pilot programs to promote the preservation and innovation of TCM. Furthermore, we will launch major projects to promote TCM culture, and to train talents in both TCM and the integration of TCM and Western medicine.

六是统筹做好各项保障支持性工作，推进卫生健康事业高质量发展。坚持党对卫生健康工作的领导，加强党委领导下的院长负责制，完善卫生健康法治体系，提升治理能力。健全生物安全、消防安全监管处置体系。以需求和应用为导向，大力提升医学科技研究和创新能力。促进医教协同和医学人才高质量培养，加强基层人才培养和配备，努力建设一支让老百姓信得过的基层卫生服务队伍。另外，还要全面推进“健康丝绸之路”建设，积极参与国际卫生治理。

Sixth, we will provide coordinated supportive services to promote the high-quality development of the health sector. We will uphold the leadership of the CPC in health-related work and strengthen the system in which hospital directors bear overall responsibility under the leadership of the Party Committee. We will also improve the legal system for safeguarding people's health and governance capacity. Moreover, we will improve the supervision and response system for biological security and fire safety. We will make greater efforts to improve medical science and technology research and innovation to meet demand and ensure practical application. We will promote reform in medical education and advance the training of medical talent, enhancing the training and staffing of medical personnel at the grassroots level. By doing so, we aim to establish a reliable medical team at the grassroots level. In addition, we will advance the Health Silk Road initiative and actively participate in international health governance.

我先介绍这些。下面，我和我的同事愿意回答记者朋友的提问。谢谢大家！

That concludes my introduction. Next, my colleagues and I would be happy to answer your questions. Thank you.

陈文俊:

Chen Wenjun:

谢谢。下面欢迎各位提问，提问之前请通报一下自己所在的新闻机构。

The floor is now open for questions. Please identify the media outlet you represent before posing your questions.

北京青年报记者:

Beijing Youth Daily:

我们都感受到近年来我国医疗卫生的服务能力在不断提升，公立医院是服务的主要提供者。想问一下，下一步在推进公立医院高质量发展方面还有哪些举措和打算？谢谢。

China's medical and health service has witnessed progress in recent years, and public hospitals are playing a major role in offering such services. Going forward, what measures will be adopted to promote the high-quality development of public hospitals? Thank you.

雷海潮:

Lei Haichao:

谢谢这位记者朋友的提问。公立医院的改革和高质量发展直接关系到广大人民群众的看病就医体验，而且影响群众的获得感。

Thank you for your question. The reform and high-quality development of public hospitals directly affect people's access to medical care services and their sense of gain as well.

根据我们统计数据显示，今年1-9月份我国医疗卫生机构总的诊疗人次达到了51.1亿。如果分季度来看，第一季度总诊疗人次是15.9亿，第二季度总诊疗人次是17.5亿，第三季度总诊疗人次是17.7亿。从三个季度的变化情况来看，就诊人次逐步增加。前三季度和2019年的同期相比，总诊疗人次增长了12.4%，与去年同期相比，增长了6%。

Statistics show that approximately 5.11 billion medical visits were made to health institutions nationwide from January to September of this year. Specifically, there were 1.59 billion visits in the first quarter, 1.75 billion in the second quarter, and 1.77 billion in the third quarter. The data from the first three quarters show an increasing trend in the number of medical visits. The total number of medical visits made throughout the first three quarters increased by 12.4% compared with the same period in 2019, and it also experienced a 6% increase compared with the same period last year.

另外，我们再看一下住院服务的情况。今年前三个季度，我国医疗卫生机构的出院人次达到了2.2亿，按季度情况来看，第一季度出院人次0.7亿，第二季度出院人次0.8亿，第三季度出院人次0.7亿。前三季度与2019年同期相比增长了16.7%；与2022年同期数据相比增加了18.9%。

Regarding inpatient care services, some 220 million patients were discharged from medical and health institutions in the first three quarters of this year. Some 70 million patients were discharged from hospitals in the first quarter, while the number was 80 million in the second quarter. In the third quarter, some 70 million patients were discharged from hospitals. The number of discharges in the first three quarters increased by 16.7% compared with the same period in 2019, while it witnessed an increase of 18.9% from the same period in 2022.

从医疗服务的提供方看，今年1-9月份，全国医院病床使用率达到了80.2%，与2022年同期相比提高了6.4个百分点。卫生服务中心的病床使用率达到了51.4%，比去年提升了7.6个百分点。乡镇卫生院的病床使用率达到了54.9%，比去年提高了4.8个百分点。

The bed utilization rate in hospitals nationwide reached 80.2% in the first nine months of this year, marking an increase of 6.4 percentage points compared with the same period in 2022. The bed utilization rate at medical service centers reached 51.4%, which represents an increase of 7.6 percentage points from last year. Meanwhile, the rate at township-based health institutions was 54.9%, up by 4.8 percentage points compared with last year's level.

从这些统计数据上看，无论是跟去年同期相比，还是跟2019年新冠疫情发生之前相比，老百姓的看病就诊需求得到进一步释放。另外，医疗卫生服务供给效率得到持续提升，这些都是宏观上表现比较良好的状况。

This data, when compared with the same period of last year or before the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019, clearly demonstrates that people's needs for medical services are being met more effectively. Additionally, medical and pharmaceutical services are being provided more efficiently. All these facts collectively reflect a strong performance at the macro level.

我们将以新发展理念为引领，统筹推进改革与高质量发展有关工作。

We will adhere to the new development philosophy and make concerted efforts to ensure reform and high-quality development.

一是全面执行和落实党委领导下的院长负责制，发挥公立医院党委“把方向、管大局、作决策、促改革、保落实”的作用。

First, we will fully implement a dean responsibility system under the leadership of the CPC Party committees and capitalize on the role of public hospitals' Party committees in controlling the direction, managing overall plans, making decisions, promoting reforms, and guaranteeing implementation.

二是进一步促进优质医疗资源扩容下沉和均衡布局，构建功能互补、富有韧性的优质医疗服务体系。加快国家医学中心和区域医疗中心建设，促进医疗资源下沉、工作重心下移，进一步方便老百姓看病就诊。

Second, we will further expand high-quality medical resources toward the community level and promote their balanced distribution, as well as build a resilient and high-quality medical services system with complementary functions. We will expedite the building of national and regional medical centers and promote the distribution of medical resources and priority of our work toward the community level so that people have easier access to medical care services.

三是不断促进公立医院人才、技术、学科和管理等方面高质量发展。以专科建设为重点，加快医学科技创新和转化应用，推动医疗服务和医疗管理深度融合，发挥信息化的支撑作用和便利作用。通过组建城市医疗集团、组建紧密型县域医共体，以及三级医院、二级医院的巡诊服务和专业技术人员派驻服务等多种方式，进一步帮助基层医疗卫生机构提高服务能力，提升服务水平，改善管理水平。

Third, we will advance the high-quality development of talents, technology, and disciplines, as well as management in public hospitals. Focusing on empowering specialist capacity, we will accelerate the transformation and utilization of medical scientific and technological innovations, promote the in-depth integration of medical services and management, and leverage information technologies to support and facilitate our efforts. By forming urban medical groups and closely connected county medical communities, as well as providing mobile medical services from tertiary and secondary hospitals and dispatching resident professionals, we will help primary-level medical and sanitary institutions improve service ability, quality, and management.

四是与有关部门一道深化医疗服务价格改革，动态调整医疗服务价格，优化医疗机构的收支结构，统筹做好支付方式和人事薪酬制度等方面改革，强化绩效考核和综合监管，促进医疗机构尤其是公立医院高质量发展，为老百姓提供更加良好的服务。谢谢。

Fourth, we will work with relevant departments to deepen the price reforms of medical services, make dynamic adjustments to the prices of medical services, optimize medical institutions' balance of payments, and coordinate reforms regarding modes of payments, human resources, and remuneration systems. We will intensify performance assessments and comprehensive supervision to promote the high-quality development of medical institutions, especially public hospitals, in a bid to provide better services to our people. Thank you.

香港紫荆杂志记者:

Hong Kong Bauhinia Magazine:

国家中医药综合改革示范区建设是推动中医药传承创新发展的重要举措。请问，示范区建设在探索途径、积累经验方面取得了哪些进展与成效？谢谢。

Building national demonstration zones for the comprehensive reform of TCM is a crucial measure for advancing innovative TCM inheritance and development. What progress and achievements have been made in exploring approaches to and accumulating experience for the construction of the demonstration zones? Thank you.

余艳红:

Yu Yanhong:

感谢您关心示范区建设。2021年12月，我局会同国家发展改革委、国家卫生健康委、工业和信息化部、国家药监局批复上海、浙江、江西、山东、湖南、广东、四川等7省（市）建设国家中医药综合改革示范区。一年多来，示范区建设已形成了全面发力、多点突破、纵深推进的良好局面。主要表现在以下四个方面：

Thank you for your interest in the construction of demonstration zones. In December 2021, together with the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), the NHC, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and the National Medical Products Administration, the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine approved the establishment of national demonstration zones for the comprehensive TCM reform in seven provincial-level regions of Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Shandong, Hunan, Guangdong, and Sichuan. For more than a year, the development of demonstration zones has shown a sound momentum with strong moves taken across the board, breakthroughs achieved in many areas, and further progress made in the following four aspects.

一是组织领导得到加强，中医药服务经济社会发展全局功能更加突出。各示范区成立省（市）长任组长的领导小组，把示范区建设列入了党代会报告、深改委工作要点、政府工作报告中予以统筹推进，制定建设方案，明确改革“任务书”和“施工图”。

First, organization and guidance have been enhanced, and TCM is now playing a more prominent role in facilitating overall economic and social development. All demonstration zones have established leading groups led by heads of provinces and municipalities. Concerted efforts have been made in the construction of demonstration zones, which have been included in Party congress reports, work priorities of commissions for further reform, and government work reports. Construction plans have been formulated, specifying reform tasks and creating blueprints.

二是统筹协调形成合力，中医药综合改革的系统性、整体性、协同性得到加强。各部委加强指导支持，各示范区强化综合改革“一盘棋”，省级各部门加强协调联动，制定系列专项改革方案，鼓励地市围绕不同主题先行先试，以“小切口”撬动“大变化”。

Second, we have enhanced coordination to form synergy in pursuing the comprehensive TCM reform in a more systematic, holistic, and coordinated way. All departments have enhanced their support and guidance. Comprehensive reforms of demonstration zones have been coordinated as a whole. All provincial departments have enhanced coordination, made a series of specialized reform plans, and encouraged prefectures and cities to carry out pilot projects around various themes, thus making further changes through pilot efforts.

三是坚持问题导向和改革创新，在重点领域和关键环节实现突破。上海着力把社区打造为中医药服务主阵地，社区卫生服务中心100%开设了中医科。浙江以“中医处方一件事”数字化改革为切入口，推动中医医院实现临床、科研、服务的系统性重塑和全过程监管。山东、湖南开展中医优势病种“按疗效价值付费”改革，中医医院特色优势不断彰显，次均住院费用明显下降。江西、四川强化标准化体系建设，中医药产业集群效应不断放大。

Third, we have made breakthroughs in key areas and links by upholding a problem-oriented approach and staying committed to reform and innovation. Shanghai has enhanced its TCM services in communities and established TCM departments in all community healthcare centers. Through digitalization reforms of TCM prescriptions, Zhejiang province has advanced the systematical reform of, and whole-process supervision over, clinical treatment, research, and services. Shandong and Hunan launched payment reforms based on curative effects for treating diseases for which TCM has demonstrated advantageous effects. The advantages of TCM hospitals have been enhanced, and average hospitalization costs have been significantly reduced. Jiangxi and Sichuan have intensified their efforts to form a standardization system, increasingly scaling up the cluster effect of TCM industry.

四是服务国家战略更加主动，助力实现更高水平的区域协调发展。各示范区积极推进中医药高质量融入共建“一带一路”，建设了13个中医药海外中心和9个国家国际合作基地。广东以大湾区中医药高地建设为抓手，协同推进港澳中医师到内地公立医疗机构执业，简化港澳已上市的传统外用中成药在内地注册审批流程，推进内地（广东省中医院）院内制剂获批跨境至澳门使用，促进了大湾区中医药共建共享。

Fourth, demonstration zones have been more active in serving national strategies and facilitated higher-level regional coordinated development. All demonstration zones have proactively promoted high-quality TCM development to integrate into Belt and Road cooperation and constructed 13 overseas TCM centers and nine national-level international TCM cooperation bases. With a focus on building a "highland" for TCM in the Greater Bay Area, Guangdong has promoted joint contribution and sharing of TCM resources in the area. Coordinative efforts have been made to encourage TCM doctors in Hong Kong and Macao to work in mainland public medical institutions, streamline the mainland's registration and approval procedures for traditional TCM medicines that have already been sold in Hong Kong and Macao for external use, and promote preparations made in the Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine to be approved and used in Macao.

下一步，我们将聚焦中医药传承创新关键问题，发挥地方资源禀赋和特色优势，进一步调动改革创新主观能动性，深化体制机制改革，促进中医中药协调发展，积极推广改革成果和经验，让更多地方、更多人民获益。

Next, we will focus on key problems concerning the preservation and innovative development of traditional Chinese medicine. We will take advantage of local resource endowment and unique strengths, further stimulate the initiative of reform and innovation, and deepen institutional and mechanistic reforms so as to promote the coordinated development of traditional Chinese medicine. Achievements and successful practices in reform will be proactively promoted and applied, benefiting more regions and more people.

封面新闻记者:

Cover News:

新发突发传染病的早发现、早报告、早处置非常重要。请问目前我国传染病监测体系和网络直报系统有了哪些升级？我国在重大疫情防控应急能力建设方面取得了哪些成效？下一步将采取哪些措施？谢谢。

Early detection, reporting, and treatment are important principles in response to new and sudden outbreaks of infectious diseases. What progress has been achieved in upgrading the monitoring system and direct online reporting system for infectious diseases? What achievements have been made in strengthening the capacity for major epidemic prevention, control, and emergency response? What measures will be taken next? Thank you.

王贺胜:

Wang Hesheng:

谢谢这位记者的提问。监测预警和应急处置是传染病防控的关键，我们持续推进智慧化多点触发监测预警体系的建设，不断提高重大疫情防控和应对处置能力。在监测预警方面，主要是在提质、扩面、增效上下功夫。

Thank you for your questions. Monitoring, early warning, and emergency response are all key factors in infectious disease prevention and control. We have developed a smart, multi-point triggered monitoring and early warning system, increasingly improving our capacity in major epidemic prevention, control, and emergency response. In terms of monitoring and early warning, we have focused our efforts on improving quality, expanding coverage, and strengthening effectiveness.

一是提高了信息报告质量。优化完善传染病网络直报系统，调整相关预警指标，及时发现异常信号并调查处置。印发传染病防控责任清单，开展疾控监督员制度试点，进一步压实传染病信息报告责任。推进传染病监测预警与应急指挥信息平台建设，逐步实现二级以上医疗机构与疾控信息系统数据自动交换，变“被动监测”为“主动监测”。

First, we have improved the quality of information reporting. We improved our online direct reporting system for infectious diseases and adjusted early warning indicators in order to detect, investigate, and deal with abnormal signals in time. We issued a list of responsibilities for the prevention and control of infectious diseases, launched pilot programs for establishing a disease-control supervisor system, and ensured that all those involved assumed their full responsibilities to report information on infectious diseases. Also, we promoted the development of an information platform for infectious diseases monitoring, early warning, and emergency command and realized step-by-step automatic data exchanges between medical institutions at or above the secondary level and the disease-control information system. By doing so, infectious disease monitoring has changed from a passive system to an initiative.

二是拓展监测渠道。建立完善发热门诊、哨点医院、病毒变异、城市污水等监测系统，探索开展急性呼吸道感染疾病多病原的监测试点，初步形成兼顾常态和应急、入境和本土、城市和农村、一般人群和重点人群的多渠道监测体系。

Second, we have created more channels for infectious disease monitoring. We established and improved monitoring systems targeting fever clinics, monitoring station hospitals, virus variants, and city sewage. We explored and carried out trials to monitor various acute respiratory infection pathogens and created a multi-channel monitoring system that covers both normal operation and emergency response, inbound and domestic cases, cities and the countryside, and the general public and key population groups.

三是强化部门协同。推进跨部门监测数据和信息共享，定期开展多部门联合会商，共同开展传染病疫情风险研判。

Third, we have strengthened interdepartmental coordination. We promoted monitoring data and information sharing among departments and held regular interdepartmental consultation sessions to jointly conduct epidemic risk assessments.

在应急处置方面，我们着力在建机制、强队伍、提能力上下功夫。针对新发突发传染病和重点传染病，持续完善传染病疫情应急预案体系，加强应急演练，不断提升应急处置和流行病学调查能力。加快建设国家级传染病应急队伍，已经组建了20支国家突发急性传染病防控队，今年中央财政加大投入支持力度，支持新建5支国家防控队，在全国所有市县建设基层传染病应急小分队。

In terms of emergency response, we have focused our efforts on establishing mechanisms, strengthening team-building, and enhancing capacity. To address new and sudden outbreaks of infectious diseases and major infectious diseases, we have continued to improve infectious disease emergency planning system and intensified emergency response exercises, bolstering our capacity to respond to emergencies and conduct epidemiological investigations. Also, we accelerated the building of national-level infectious disease emergency response teams. So far, 20 national teams have been established for the prevention and control of acute infectious disease emergencies. This year, the central government has provided greater fiscal support to build another five national teams as well as infectious disease emergency response units at the prefecture and county level all over the country.

我们将进一步加强部门联动、医防协同、多渠道互通，完善监测机制，以国家级和省统筹区域传染病监测预警和应急指挥平台为支撑，形成多点触发、反应快速、权威高效的传染病监测预警体系，持续提升国家传染病应急处置能力。谢谢。

We will further enhance interdepartmental coordination, collaboration between hospitals and institutions for disease prevention and control, and multi-channel connectivity. We will improve monitoring mechanisms and establish a multi-point triggered, responsive, authoritative, and highly effective infectious diseases monitoring and early warning system supported by national and provincial-level regional platforms for infectious disease monitoring, early warning, and emergency command, so as to enhance the country's capacity for infectious diseases emergency response. Thank you.

海报新闻记者:

The Poster News APP:

党的二十大报告指出，坚持预防为主，加强重大慢性病健康管理，提高基层防病治病和健康管理能力。请问，提高基层防病治病和健康管理能力的工作重点是什么？基层医疗服务如何更好地满足群众的需要？谢谢。

The report to the 20th CPC National Congress said that by giving priority to prevention, we will strengthen the health management of major chronic diseases and enhance the capacity for disease prevention and treatment as well as health management at the community level. What are the priorities for enhancing the capacity for disease prevention and treatment as well as health management at the community level? What will you do to better meet the public's needs for community-level medical services? Thank you.

王斌:

Wang Bin:

谢谢您的提问。新时代党的卫生与健康工作方针强调要以基层为重点，基层卫生健康工作直接面对人民群众的基本医疗卫生需求，是最基本的公共服务。国家卫生健康委持续健全城乡基层医疗卫生服务体系，在以下几个方面开展了工作：

Thank you for your questions. The guidelines for the Party's health work in the new era give high priority at the community level. Health work at the community level, as one of the basic public services, meets people's needs for basic medical and health services. The NHC has continued to improve the community-level medical and health care service system in urban and rural areas, and focused its efforts on the following areas:

首先，加强基层医疗卫生机构基础设施建设。通过开展“优质服务基层行”活动和社区医院建设，指导基层医疗卫生机构补短板、强弱项，加强能力建设。目前，全国已经有7100多所基层医疗卫生机构达到了推荐标准，占比超过了68%。建成了3800多所社区医院，方便了群众。

First, we have improved infrastructure at community-level medical care institutions. By launching a campaign to provide quality medical care services at the community level and building community hospitals, we have guided community-level medical care institutions to shore up points of weakness and improve our health service capacity. Currently, more than 7,100 community-level medical care institutions meet the recommendation standards, accounting for 68% of those all over the country. More than 3,800 community hospitals have been built, giving great convenience to the public.

第二，以农村和社区为重点，壮大医疗卫生人才队伍。针对群众需求加强全科、康复、护理等方面的人才引进，加强人员在岗培训，提升基层医务人员基本医疗服务能力和健康管理能力，组织城市医院和退休医师支援帮扶基层。同时，还实施了“大学生乡村医生专项计划”，意味着越来越多的大学生能够到乡村服务老百姓。推广“县管乡用、乡聘村用”政策，提升基层岗位吸引力，让更多优秀医务人员在基层留得住、用得上。2023年招聘大学生乡村医生超过5000人，以后还会越来越多，农村免费订单医学生有4800多人完成住院医生规范化培训，进入乡镇基层岗位工作。

Second, we are focusing on rural areas and communities to strengthen our team of medical and health professionals. To better address people's needs, we are enhancing the recruitment of talents in general practice, rehabilitation, nursing, and other fields. We are also providing on-the-job training for personnel, aiming to improve medical workers' basic medical service capabilities and health management skills at the community level. We are organizing urban hospitals and retired doctors to support and assist communities. Additionally, we have implemented the "College Students Rural Doctor Special Program," which means that an increasing number of college students are able to serve the rural population. We are promoting the policy of exercising county-level management of medical professionals working at the township level as well as township-level recruitment of medical professionals working at the village level to enhance the attractiveness of community positions, allowing more outstanding medical professionals to stay and be effectively utilized at the community level. In 2023, over 5,000 college students have been recruited as rural doctors, and this number will continue to increase in the future. Furthermore, more than 4,800 medical students have completed standardized residency training for doctors free of charge under a program to train medical workers for rural areas and have entered positions at the township level.

第三，稳步推进家庭医生签约服务高质量发展。做好老年人、残疾人等重点人群的家庭医生签约服务，同时家庭医生签约服务在不断地拓展。比如说，由全科医生向专科医师、公立医院向民营医疗机构拓展，引导多方力量以基层医疗卫生机构作为平台参与签约服务，不断地丰富服务内涵，优化服务方式。截至今年6月底，重点人群签约覆盖率超过70%，各地也正在结合实际推进签约服务向更广泛的人群覆盖。

Third, we are steadily promoting the high-quality development of family doctor contract services. We are promoting family doctor contract services for key populations, such as the elderly and individuals with disabilities, while also expanding the scope of these services. For example, we are encouraging specialists, in addition to general practitioners, and private medical institutions, alongside public ones, to provide services as a way of guiding multiple parties to participate in contract services through community-level healthcare institutions as platforms, and continuously enrich the content of services and optimize service delivery methods. As of the end of June this year, the coverage rate of contract services for key populations had exceeded 70%. Local authorities are also pushing for the expansion of contract services to a broader range of people based on their specific circumstances.

第四，持续提升基本公共卫生服务均等化水平。基本公共卫生服务人均财政补助经费标准这几年稳步提高，2023年达到人均89元。紧密结合群众健康需求，逐步完善优化服务内容。数据显示，2023年上半年，我国基本公共卫生服务已为8988万65岁及以上的老年人、1.1亿高血压患者、3763万2型糖尿病患者提供了健康管理服务，较2022年同期分别提高了40%、3.3%、6.9%。

Fourth, we are continuously improving the level of equalization in basic public health services. The per capita fiscal subsidy for basic public health services has steadily increased in recent years, reaching 89 yuan per capita in 2023. We are gradually improving these services in light of the health needs of people. Data show that 89.88 million individuals aged 65 and above, 110 million hypertensive patients, and 37.63 million type 2 diabetes patients enjoyed basic public health management services in the first half of 2023. These figures represent increases of 40%, 3.3%, and 6.9%, respectively, compared to the same period in 2022.

谢谢。

Thank you.

中国新闻社记者:

China News Service:

大家对重大传染病的问题也很关心，想请问目前影响我国居民健康的重大传染病具体有哪些？我国在遏制重大传染病方面又取得了哪些成效？谢谢。

People are also concerned about major infectious diseases, and I would like to ask about the specific major infectious diseases that currently affect the health of people. What achievements has our country made in containing major infectious diseases? Thank you.

王贺胜:

Wang Hesheng:

谢谢你的提问。党中央、国务院高度重视重大传染病防治工作。现阶段影响我国居民健康的重大传染病主要有艾滋病、结核病、肝炎和寄生虫病等。

Thank you for your question. The Party Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to the prevention and control of major infectious diseases. Currently, the major infectious diseases that impact the health of our people primarily include AIDS, tuberculosis, hepatitis, and parasitic diseases.

目前，我国艾滋病经输血和血制品传播已经实现了基本阻断，母婴传播和注射吸毒传播得到了有效控制，抗病毒治疗覆盖比例已经达到90%以上，治疗成功比例也达到95%以上，艾滋病疫情整体处于低流行水平。全国结核病防治服务体系逐步强化，诊断新技术、新工具逐步推广应用，全国发病率稳步下降，结核病死亡率是2.1/10万，这个指标与发达国家处于同一水平。患者的成功治疗率也保持在90%以上。病毒性肝炎防治服务模式不断创新，血液安全和院感防控得到全面强化，新发感染者数量大幅减少，感染者总数不断下降，肝炎救治能力和水平得到显著提升，接受规范治疗的乙肝患者可以实现临床治愈，丙肝患者治愈率也高达95%以上，进一步阻断了病毒传播。部分重点寄生虫病实现了控制与消除的目标。现在全国452个血吸虫病流行县全部达到了传播阻断标准，其中四分之三的流行县已经达到了消除标准。我国已经实现消除疟疾目标，并且已经通过了世界卫生组织的认证，这在中国公共卫生史和全球消除疟疾史上具有重要的里程碑意义。

Currently, China has basically halted the transmission of HIV through blood transfusions and blood products. The transmission of the virus from mother to child and through injection drug use has been effectively controlled. The coverage rate of antiviral therapy has surpassed 90%, and the success rate of treatment has also exceeded 95%. Overall, AIDS in China is at a low prevalence level. The national tuberculosis prevention and control service system has been progressively strengthened, with new diagnostic technologies and tools being gradually promoted and applied nationwide. The incidence rate of tuberculosis has steadily declined, with a mortality rate of 2.1 per 100,000, comparable to that of developed countries. The success rate of patient treatment remains above 90%. Innovations continue in the prevention and control service model for viral hepatitis. Blood safety and infection prevention and control in hospitals have been comprehensively strengthened. A significant decrease has been seen in newly infected individuals and a continuous decline in the total number of infections. The capacity and level of hepatitis treatment have significantly improved. Patients with hepatitis B receiving standardized treatment can be clinically cured, while 95% of hepatitis C patients achieve successful treatment outcomes, further interrupting the transmission of the viruses. Control and elimination goals for some key parasitic diseases have been achieved. Currently, all 452 schistosomiasis-endemic counties in China have met the criteria for transmission interruption, with three-quarters of these counties reaching the elimination criteria. China has achieved its goal of eliminating malaria, receiving certification from the World Health Organization. This marks an important milestone in China's public health history and the global eradication of malaria.

下一步，我们将坚持预防为主、防治结合，不断完善“党政主导、部门协作、动员社会、全民参与”的防治工作机制。医防融合、医防协同，夯实基层“多病同防”的工作网底，不断完善重大传染病防控体系建设。持续优化完善防控策略，创新防控技术手段，巩固和提升防控成效，进一步减少重大传染病对群众的健康威胁。谢谢。

Next, we will uphold the principle of prioritizing prevention, while integrating prevention and treatment. We will persistently enhance the prevention and control working mechanism led by the Party and the government and featuring coordination across various departments, mobilization of all sectors of society, and public participation. We will integrate and coordinate treatment and prevention, strengthen the foundation for the prevention of multiple diseases at the community level, and continually enhance the building of the major infectious disease prevention and control system. We will continue to optimize prevention and control strategies, innovate technical means for prevention and control, solidify and amplify the effectiveness of our prevention and control efforts, and further diminish the health threats posed by major infectious diseases. Thank you.

南方都市报记者:

Southern Metropolis Daily:

改善就医感受、提升患者体验是保障人民健康、增进民生福祉最直接、最现实的举措。请问，国家卫健委对此作了哪些部署？下一步有何规划？谢谢。

Improving patient experience and satisfaction with medical services is the most direct and practical measure to protect people's health and enhance their well-being. What arrangements have the NHC made in this regard? And what are your plans going forward? Thank you.

雷海潮:

Lei Haichao:

谢谢您的提问，这个问题我来回答。国家卫生健康委高度重视老百姓的看病就医体验和服务过程的质量改善，连续实施了改善医疗服务行动计划，特别是今年以来，我们结合主题教育启动实施了为期三年的“改善就医感受、提升患者体验”主题活动，覆盖各级医院和广大城乡基层医疗卫生机构，全链条、全覆盖、全程式改善我们的医疗服务就医感受。在这里，我给大家作一个简要介绍。

Thank you for your questions. Let me elaborate on this. The NHC places great significance on people's healthcare experience and improving the quality of medical services, and has continuously implemented action plans to improve medical services. Since this year in particular, we have launched a three-year initiative themed "improving patient experience and satisfaction with medical services" along with relevant theoretical study programs. The themed initiative covers hospitals at all levels and the vast number of urban and rural primary medical and health institutions, improving our medical services throughout the entire chain, all areas and procedures. Here, I will give you a brief introduction.

第一方面，着眼服务全流程，让看病就医更加便捷、老百姓更加舒心。从患者视角出发，围绕诊前、诊中、诊后全面推进6个方面20项举措的落实，着眼目标是在未来三年的时间，也就是到2025年能够在20个方面取得明显进步。进展统计情况显示，目前已经有82.7%的二级以上公立医院开展了预约诊疗服务，全国三级医院平均预约诊疗率达到49.2%。以前我们看病就诊预约的习惯还没有养成，但最近几年来，我们在媒体的帮助、医疗机构的引导和群众的积极参与下，在三级医院中预约诊疗的比例提升到49.2%。当然，我们还有很长的路要走，还要进一步提升、改进。

First, we have focused on the entire service process to make medical treatment more convenient and make people feel more comfortable. From the patients' perspective, we promoted the implementation of 20 measures in six aspects in a comprehensive manner before, during and after diagnosis. Our goal is to achieve significant progress in 20 aspects in the next three years, that is, by 2025. Statistics show that 82.7% of public hospitals at or above the level of grade two currently provide medical appointment services, and the average ratio of scheduled patients to the total daily visits at tertiary hospitals across the country has reached 49.2%. In the past, people were not accustomed to making appointments for medical treatment. However, in recent years, with the help of the media, the guidance of medical institutions and the active participation of the public, the proportion has increased to 49.2%. Of course, we still have a long way to go and need to make further improvements.

另外，压缩门诊取号、缴费、打印报告等环节的时间，鼓励弹性安排门诊时间，缩短门诊等候时间。我们注意到，在一些大城市，比如北京，通过调整上下午门诊的出诊医生数量，使得出诊医生数过于集中在周一上午、周五上午的这种状况有了明显改善。现在大家到北京的一些医疗机构，在下午同样能够看到比较多的专家号，这一方面起到了削峰填谷的作用，另一方面对于纾解城市大医院周边的道路交通拥挤状况也起到了积极的缓解作用。关键还是在于节省了老百姓排队等候等方面的时间，提高了效率。另外，我们依托医联体提升医疗服务的连续性，加强诊后管理和病后随访工作。

In addition, the time required for taking outpatient numbers, paying fees and printing reports, was shortened, and flexible time arrangements for outpatients to shorten waiting times were encouraged. We have noticed that in some big cities, such as Beijing, the situation whereby the number of doctors being overly scheduled on Monday and Friday mornings has been significantly improved by adjusting the number of doctors on duty in mornings and afternoons at outpatient clinics. Now, when patients visit some medical institutions in Beijing, they can see more expert doctors in the afternoon. On the one hand, this plays the role of shifting peak load in doctor arrangement. On the other hand, it also plays a role in relieving traffic congestion around large hospitals in cities. Most importantly, it helps save people's time spent queuing and improve efficiency. In addition, we rely on the healthcare consortiums to improve the continuity of medical services and strengthen post-diagnosis management and post-illness follow-up services.

第二方面，满足多样化就医需求。全国有超过5500家的二级以上综合医院实现了“一站式”综合服务方式，其中多学科诊疗服务方式推广到2000多家二级以上医院，受到群众欢迎，有2767所二级以上医院至少开展了一类，比如说像麻醉、疼痛、药学和健康管理方面的新型门诊，也就是在门诊服务的内容和方式方面，有进一步的健全和丰富。

Second, we meet diverse medical needs. More than 5,500 comprehensive hospitals at or above the level of grade two across the country have implemented the "one-stop" comprehensive service model. The multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment service model has been extended to more than 2,000 of these hospitals, which has been welcomed by the public. A total of 2,767 hospitals at or above the level of grade two have at least one new type of outpatient clinic, such as anesthesia, pain, pharmacy and health management, which means that the content and methods of outpatient services have been further improved and enriched.

第三方面，提高医疗服务的可及性和均等化水平，把优质医疗服务送到群众身边。我们设置了13个不同类别的国家医学中心和儿童类别的国家区域医疗中心，开展了125个国家区域医疗中心建设项目，在81个城市开展紧密型城市医疗集团建设工作，在827个县开展县域医共体建设。今年，我们还要把县域医共体建设工作推向更多的省份和县区，覆盖面会进一步扩大。另外，建成了2700多家互联网医院。

Third, we have improved the accessibility and equal access to medical services and brought high-quality medical services to the people. We have set up 13 national medical centers of different categories and national regional medical centers for children, carried out 125 regional medical center projects, launched the development of compact urban medical groups in 81 cities, and the construction of county-level medical alliances in 827 counties. This year, we will also expand the development of county-level medical alliances to more provinces and counties to increase coverage. In addition, more than 2,700 internet hospitals have been established.

第四方面，实施基层便民惠民服务举措，方便居民就近就便获得基本医疗卫生服务。今年以来，制定发布了2023年-2025年基层医疗卫生机构便民惠民服务10项具体举措，目前全国基层医疗机构正在推进实施。这些内容主要包括预约号源，特别是二三级医院的专家号源要向基层开放、向基层下沉。另外，要在乡镇卫生院、社区卫生服务中心安排中高级职称医师值守门诊，能够在基层门诊解决群众更多的健康问题。同时，延长城市社区门诊服务时间，有的地方延长了1-3个小时，方便上班族可以在下班后也能够看病就诊，此外还开展了缺药登记、缺药配送的服务。再有，一些乡镇卫生院和社区卫生服务中心也开展了周末疫苗接种等便民服务，也是为了方便家长能够在闲暇时间带着孩子及时接种疫苗。

Fourth, we have taken measures to offer services that benefit and provide convenience to people at the community level, making it easier for them to access basic medical and health services close to home. Since the beginning of this year, we have developed and issued 10 specific measures for medical and health institutions at the community level to offer services that benefit and offer convenience to the public for the 2023-2025 period. Medical and health institutions nationwide are currently advancing the implementation of these measures. These mainly include facilitating outpatient appointments, especially ensuring that outpatient appointments for specialists at Grade II and Grade III hospitals are open and more accessible to people at the community level. Additionally, township clinics and community health service centers have arranged for physicians with intermediate or senior professional titles to be on duty in outpatient departments to solve more health problems at the community level. At the same time, urban community health service centers have extended outpatient service hours, which in some cities have been extended by one to three hours, allowing office workers to access medical care after work. Services for the registration and delivery of scarce medicines have also been provided. In addition, some township clinics and community health service centers offer convenient services such as weekend vaccination, enabling parents to bring their children to get promptly vaccinated in their spare time.

第五方面，把增强服务群众的本领贯穿改善医疗服务全过程。二级以上医院普遍建立医务社会工作者和志愿者制度，越来越多的医院通过改善饮食、提高保洁质量、改善患者停车条件，以及在公共领域提供无线网络接入服务、阅读书籍等服务内容，进一步改善患者看病就诊的体验。

Fifth, we have focused our efforts on enhancing our capacity to serve people throughout the whole process of medical service improvement. Grade II and higher hospitals have established systems for healthcare social workers and volunteers. Increasingly, hospitals have improved patients' medical experiences by providing better dietary services, enhancing the quality of cleaning services, improving parking conditions for patients, and offering access to wireless networks and reading materials in public areas.

下一步，我们将及时总结各地在改善医疗服务过程中的好做法、好经验，加以推广，让居民在看病就诊过程中有更好的体验，医患之间也能够有更好的良性互动。谢谢。

Next, we will swiftly compile the successful practices and experiences from various localities in enhancing medical services and apply them broadly, ensuring a better medical experience for the public and fostering more positive interactions between doctors and patients. Thank you.

健康报记者:

Health News:

妇幼健康是全民健康的基石，有助于从源头和基础上来提高国民的健康水平。请问强化妇幼健康服务体系，推动妇幼健康高质量发展，未来国家会有怎样的工作部署？谢谢。

Maternal and child health is the cornerstone of the health of all people and is conducive to improving the population's health overall. What arrangements will China make to enhance its maternal and child healthcare service system and advance the high-quality development of maternal and child health? Thank you.

余艳红:

Yu Yanhong:

谢谢你对妇幼健康工作的关心。“十四五”以来，我们以实施《母婴保健法》《妇女权益保健法》和中国妇女儿童发展纲要为核心，巩固完善服务体系，持续优化健康服务，先后实施了母婴安全、健康儿童、妇幼中医药发展等系列行动计划，妇女、儿童获得感不断增强，健康水平持续提高。

Thank you for your attention to the work on the health of women and children. Since the launch of the 14th Five-Year Plan, we have focused on implementing the Law on Maternal and Infant Health Care, the Law on the Protection of Women's Rights and Interests, and the China Program for the Development of Women and Children. We have consolidated and improved the service system, continued to optimize health services, and carried out a series of action plans for maternal and child safety, child health, and the development of TCM for maternal and child healthcare. Women and children are increasingly feeling the benefits, and their health continues to improve.

我这里有一组数据，2022年我国孕产妇死亡率为15.7/10万，婴儿死亡率为4.9‰，5岁以下儿童死亡率为6.8‰，均下降至历史最低水平，位居中高收入国家前列。

In 2022, China recorded a maternal mortality rate of 15.7 per 100,000, and the mortality rates for infants and children under 5 were 4.9 per thousand and 6.8 per thousand, respectively, all dropping to record lows and placing China at the forefront among middle- and high-income countries.

我们将持续“保安全、破难点、促发展”有效保障妇女儿童健康权益。一方面，以需求侧妇女儿童主要健康问题为重点，不断优化妇幼健康服务，巩固完善母婴安全保障制度，严守母婴安全底线。聚焦儿童近视、肥胖、出生缺陷，妇女宫颈癌、乳腺癌等难点问题，实施一批务实有效的专项行动，完善全生命周期服务模式，促进妇女儿童健康全面发展。

We will continue to ensure safety, solve difficulties, and promote development, and take effective measures to protect the health rights of women and children. We will give priority to the major health problems of women and children on the demand side, continue to optimize maternal and child health services, and consolidate and improve the system for safeguarding maternal and child safety, securing the bottom line of maternal and child safety. We will carry out a number of practical and effective special campaigns focusing on challenging issues such as myopia in children, obesity, birth defects, cervical cancer, and breast cancer, and improve the model of health services throughout the life cycle to advance the comprehensive development of maternal and child health.

另一方面，以强化妇幼健康服务体系建设为主线，推进妇幼健康服务体系提档升级，统筹协调多方资源，补短板、强弱项，加快实现“省、市、县级均有一所政府主办的标准化的妇幼保健机构”目标。健全完善危重孕产妇和新生儿救治体系，优化出生缺陷防控网络，强化“云上妇幼”远程医疗平台应用，促进优质医疗资源下沉基层，更好地为妇女儿童健康保驾护航。谢谢。

We will also focus on enhancing the development of the maternal and child healthcare service system. We aim to advance the upgrading of the maternal and child healthcare service system, coordinate resources from multiple parties, address inadequacies, shore up weak points, and move faster to achieve the goal of ensuring at least one standard government-funded maternal and child healthcare institution in each administrative region at provincial, prefectural, and county level. We will improve the system for treating pregnant, delivery and postpartum women and newborns with severe or critical conditions, optimize the birth defects prevention and control network, advance the application of telemedicine platforms for maternal and child healthcare, and make quality medical resources more accessible at the community level to better safeguard maternal and child health. Thank you.

红星新闻记者:

Red Star News:

2022年出生人口是956万，二孩占38.9%，三孩以上占比为15%。近几年群众对生育支持配套措施很关注，请问国家卫健委有哪些具体安排？谢谢。

In 2022, China recorded 9.56 million newborns, of which 38.9% were second children and 15% were third children or children after third. In recent years, there has been considerable attention paid to supporting measures for childbirth. What specific arrangements has the NHC made? Thank you.

王斌:

Wang Bin:

谢谢这位记者的提问。党中央高度重视人口工作，今年5月，二十届中央财经委员会第一次会议上提出了以人口高质量发展支撑中国式现代化的要求，强调要建立健全生育支持政策体系。国家卫健委和国家发改委是这项工作的牵头部门，我们加强了部门协调和生育支持政策体系的研究，着力解决生育支持配套措施落实中的难点堵点问题，深入实施妇幼健康保障工程，强化母婴安全“五项制度”，维护妇女儿童健康权益，加强优生优育服务保障。协调相关部门在教育、税收、住房、就业、医保等方面推动出台一些支持性政策。各地进行了积极探索，部分省、市、县出台了育儿补贴、住房补贴、托育机构运营补贴、用人单位社保补贴等政策，所以这项工作一直在积极推进中。

Thank you for your questions. The CPC Central Committee has attached great significance to the population work. The 20th Central Commission for Financial and Economic Affairs held its first meeting in May and proposed to advance Chinese modernization with the high-quality development of the population and improve the relevant policy system to provide better services for births. As the leading departments of this work, the NHC and NDRC have strengthened coordination among departments and enhanced research on the relevant policy system, with a focus on tackling difficulties and obstacles in providing supporting measures for births. We have also advanced the "Maternal and Children's Health" project, strengthened the five systems for maternal and child safety, safeguarded the health rights and interests of women and children, and improved services for sound childrearing. We have coordinated with relevant departments to roll out a series of supporting policies in such areas as education, taxation, housing, employment, and medical care. Many places across China have actively tried new methods. Some provinces, cities, and counties have introduced policies to offer subsidies for child care and housing, operation subsidies for childcare institutions, and social security subsidies for employers. This work has progressed smoothly.

我们将继续协调相关部门，把人口高质量发展同人民高品质生活紧密结合起来，继续开展托育服务机构建设、全国婴幼儿照护服务示范城市创建、全国爱心托育用人单位评选，推动在中职、高职专科、高职本科增设婴幼儿托育服务专业，促进医疗机构支持托育服务发展，逐步完善托育服务的政策法规、标准规范和服务供给，进一步推进人口政策不断优化。谢谢。

We will work closely with relevant departments to link the high-quality development of the population with the high-quality life of the people. We will continue to support the development of childcare service institutions and model cities of sound infant care services. We will also promote the evaluation of employers that provide sound childcare services, encourage secondary and higher vocational schools and higher vocational colleges to offer infant care-related majors, and involve medical institutions in supporting childcare services. Moreover, we will improve the relevant policies, standards and regulations, and increase the service supply for childcare services to further enhance population-related policies. Thank you.

凤凰卫视记者:

Phoenix Satellite Television:

我们了解到中医药的根在基层、在群众中，请问在扩大基层中医药服务覆盖方面有哪些新举措？谢谢。

As we know, TCM is deeply rooted in local communities and among the public. What new measures have been taken to expand TCM services at the community level? Thank you.

余艳红:

Yu Yanhong:

谢谢您的提问。国家中医药管理局始终把提升基层中医药服务能力作为工作重点，坚持补短板、强弱项、固根基，着力让老百姓在家门口就能获得方便可及的中医药服务。目前，国家已建立起覆盖省、市、县、乡的中医药服务体系，较好地满足了城乡居民对中医药的服务需求。

Thank you for your questions. The National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine has always prioritized improving TCM services at the community level, adhered to addressing weak links and strengthening its foundation, and strived to offer people convenient and doorstep TCM services. To date, China has established a TCM service system covering provinces, cities, counties, and townships, better meeting the needs of urban and rural residents for relevant services.

一是大力加强基层中医药服务网络建设。推进县办中医医疗机构全覆盖，扩大社区卫生服务中心和乡镇卫生院中医馆覆盖面，推动有条件的社区卫生服务站、村卫生室设置中医阁。截至2022年底，县办中医医疗机构覆盖率达87.78%，全国已有中医馆40674个，99.5%的社区卫生服务中心、99.4%的乡镇卫生院能够提供中医药服务。

First, we have accelerated the building of a community-level TCM services network, promoted the full coverage of county-level TCM medical institutions, expanded the coverage of TCM centers in all community health service centers and medical centers in townships, and supported the setting up of TCM cabinets in community health service centers and village clinics where conditions permit. As of the end of 2022, the coverage rate of county-level TCM medical institutions had reached 87.78%, and a total of 40,674 TCM medical centers had been established across the country, giving 99.5% of community health services centers and 99.4% of township-level medical centers access to TCM services.

二是大力加强基层中医药人才队伍建设。实施基层人才培养计划，持续开展中医专业农村订单定向免费医学生培养、中医馆骨干人才培训、基层名老中医药专家传承工作室建设等项目，着力打造老百姓身边的“名中医”。目前，基层医疗卫生机构中医执业（助理）医师数为20.5万人，约占全国基层医疗卫生机构执业（助理）医师数的19.65%。

Second, we have intensified our efforts to nurture TCM talents at the community level. To implement the talent training plan, we have applied the policy of free training of compulsory rural service-oriented students, strengthened personnel training in TCM centers, and advanced relevant programs such as the building of a workshop team for renowned and experienced TCM doctors at the community level to make TCM services more accessible. To date, the number of TCM practitioners (assistants) in primary-level medical and health institutions stands at 205,000, accounting for 19.65% of the total across China.

三是大力加强基层中医药内涵建设。“十四五”期间，计划支持所有县级中医院建设2个中医特色优势专科和1个县域中医药适宜技术推广中心，目前已完成593家县级中医医院的建设工作。推进中医馆、中医阁分别规范开展6类10项以上、4类6项以上中医药适宜技术。建设中医馆健康信息平台，利用大数据、人工智能等技术为中医馆医务人员提供辅助诊断，提升服务能力。

Third, we have focused on enriching the content of TCM. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period (2021-2025), we planned to support all county-level TCM hospitals to build two priority specialties with TCM characteristics and one county-level promotion center for TCM-appropriate technologies. To date, we have completed the construction work of 593 county-level TCM hospitals. We have guided the standardized implementation of more than 10 TCM-appropriate technologies in six categories in TCM centers, and more than six TCM-appropriate technologies in four categories in TCM cabinets. We have also launched a health information platform for TCM centers, employing advanced technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence to provide auxiliary diagnoses for medical workers to improve service capacity.

下一步，我局将会同有关部门以实施中医药振兴发展重大工程为抓手，深入推进基层中医药服务能力提升工程“十四五”行动计划，扩大基层中医药人才有效供给，做好中医药城乡对口帮扶工作，提高基层中医药服务的规范化水平，持续提升人民群众看中医的可及性、公平性、便捷性。谢谢。

For the next step, we will work with relevant departments to take the implementation of the major project for the revitalization and development of TCM as a starting point. We will advance the action plan for the project to improve TCM services at the community level during the14th Five-Year Plan period, expand the effective supply of TCM talents at the community level, promote pairing-up assistance programs between urban and rural areas in TCM services, improve the standardization of TCM services at the community level, and continue to make TCM services more accessible, fairer, and convenient. Thank you.

中国青年报记者:

China Youth Daily:

接种疫苗是预防传染病最经济最有效的手段。请问我国的免疫规划工作开展情况如何？今后有哪些工作部署？谢谢。

Vaccination is the most economical and effective way to prevent infectious diseases. Could you please provide an update on the progress of China's national immunization program, and what are the future plans? Thank you.

王贺胜:

Wang Hesheng:

谢谢你的提问。免疫规划工作是我国疾病预防控制事业中成效显著、影响广泛的重要工作。我国适龄儿童免疫规划疫苗接种率保持在90%以上，多种疫苗可预防传染病发病降至历史最低水平。我们认真贯彻落实《疫苗管理法》，持续完善免疫规划的政策，强化预防接种服务体系建设，保障免疫规划工作的科学、规范、有序发展。

Thanks for your questions. The immunization program plays an important role in China's disease prevention and control efforts, demonstrating significant effectiveness and wide-ranging influence. The vaccination coverage rate among eligible children under the national immunization program remains above 90%, and the incidence of various infectious diseases has been reduced to historically low levels thanks to the availability of vaccines. We have thoroughly implemented the Vaccine Administration Law, continuously improved policies under the national immunization program, stepped up our efforts to establish a robust vaccination service system, and ensured the sound, standardized, and orderly progress of the program.

国家免费向居民提供的免疫规划疫苗增加到了“14苗防15病”，中央财政每年专项投入超过30亿元。不少省份结合实际，不断扩大本省的免疫规划疫苗种类。此外，还有一些地方针对“一老一幼”等人群，免费接种流感等疫苗，建立起覆盖国家、省、市、县四级免疫规划监测管理体系和县、乡、村三级预防接种的服务网络。实现了国家与省级免疫规划信息系统平台之间、各省级免疫规划信息系统与全国疫苗追溯协同平台之间的对接，进一步提升了预防接种工作的质量和效率。

With the central government allocating over 30 billion yuan annually for this purpose, the range of vaccines provided free of charge to residents under the national immunization program has expanded to cover 14 vaccines against 15 diseases. Many provinces are diversifying the vaccines included in the program in light of local needs. In addition, some regions offer free flu vaccines to specific groups such as the elderly and young children. Currently, a comprehensive immunization monitoring and regulation system has been established at the national, provincial, city, and county levels, as well as a vaccination service network at the county, township, and village levels. This has forged alignment between the national and provincial vaccination program information systems, as well as between provincial information systems and the national platform for coordinated vaccine tracing, which has further upgraded the quality and efficiency of vaccination efforts.

我们将持续加强预防接种规范化管理，利用信息化手段，推动跨地区信息互联互通和数据共享，开展电子预防接种证试点，推动实现“让数据多跑路，让群众少跑腿”，提高预防接种服务的可及性和便捷性。谢谢。

We will continue to reinforce the standardized management of vaccination and leverage information technology to promote cross-regional data connectivity and sharing. We will also pilot the launch of online vaccination certificates, aiming to ensure "data travels more and people travel less" to enhance the accessibility and convenience of vaccination services. Thank you.　

中国日报记者:

China Daily:

请问，“十四五”期间，在巩固提升国家基本药物制度化水平、完善国家药物政策、推动构建药品供应保障高质量发展新格局方面有哪些具体举措？谢谢。

During the 14th Five-year Plan period (2021-2025), what are the specific measures to consolidate and improve the national system of essential medicines, enhance national medicine policies, and promote the high-quality development of medicine supplies? Thank you.

王斌:

Wang Bin:

感谢您的提问。在“十四五”期间，我们持续完善药物政策体系，推进药品供应保障高质量发展。比如说，在鼓励药品研发创新、保障生产供应、促进合理用药等方面实现了有效衔接和贯通发展。

Thank you for your question. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, we continue to refine the medicine policy system and advance the high-quality development of medicine supplies. For instance, we have realized effective coordination and integrated development in various fields, such as encouraging drug research and development and innovation, ensuring production and supply, and promoting rational drug use.

第一方面，全面提升国家基本药物制度化水平。修订完善目录管理办法，优化遴选调整程序，动态调整国家基本药物目录，用制度化保障调整，突出了基本药物的主导地位，持续提升基本药物供应和质量水平，推进基本药物优先配备使用。

First, we have comprehensively improved the national essential medicines system. We have revised and refined the catalog management methods, optimized the selection and adjustment procedures, and dynamically updated the National Essential Medicines List. Through institutional support for these adjustments, we have emphasized the leading role of essential medicines, consistently improved the supply and quality of essential drugs, and facilitated their prioritized provision and use.

第二方面，健全完善短缺药品保供稳价工作机制。聚焦解决群众急难愁盼的用药问题，发挥国家和省级联动机制作用，加强短缺药品协同监测、汇总分析、分级应对，深化部门协同工作格局。

Second, we have improved the mechanism for ensuring the availability and stable pricing of medicines in short supply. To meet the public's urgent medication needs, we have utilized the national-provincial synergy mechanism, strengthened coordinated monitoring, comprehensive analysis, and tiered responses to drugs in short supply, and improved interdepartmental coordination.

第三方面，巩固完善儿童药品和仿制药供应保障机制。突出药品临床价值和临床需求导向，更新鼓励研发申报儿童药品清单，目前已经更新了4批次，清单上的药品进行优先审评审批。同时，我们还制定了鼓励仿制药品目录，通过加大科研扶持力度、优先审评审批、优先纳入医保报销目录，引导企业研发生产。

Third, we have refined the mechanism for ensuring the supply of pediatric and generic medicines. Considering their clinical value and demand, we have updated the List of Encouraged Pediatric Medicines for R&D and Declaration, with fourth batches of such medicines already released. Medications on this list receive priority in evaluation and approval. Simultaneously, we have formulated the Catalogue of Encouraged Generic Medicines, aiming to incentivize enterprises to engage in research and production of these drugs. This is achieved through increased scientific research support, prioritized assessment and approval, and expedited licensing for reimbursement under the basic medical insurance scheme.

除了以上几个方面的工作，我们还在医疗机构持续提升药学服务能力，加强国家和省级药品使用监测，健全药品临床综合评价机制和技术规范应用，进一步强化分析监测和评价结果应用，通过这些综合措施进一步提升基本药物制度化水平。

Furthermore, we have continually improved pharmaceutical services in medical institutions and intensified national and provincial monitoring of drug use. We have enhanced the mechanism for comprehensive clinical drug evaluation, and the application of technical standards. We have further strengthened analysis, monitoring, and the application of evaluation results. By taking these extensive measures, we have further updated the national system of essential medicines.

谢谢。

Thank you.

新华社记者:

Xinhua News Agency:

开展新时代爱国卫生运动，持续推进健康中国行动，都是倡导文明健康生活方式、建设健康中国的重要载体。请问将如何统筹推进这两项工作？谢谢。

Carrying out patriotic health campaigns in the new era and furthering the Healthy China Initiative are two important approaches to promoting healthy lifestyles and building a healthy China. How will you coordinate the work in these two fields? Thank you.

雷海潮:

Lei Haichao:

谢谢您的提问，这个问题由我来回答。开展爱国卫生运动是我们党成功地把群众路线运用于卫生防病工作的伟大创举和成功实践，对于改善人居环境质量、提升群众健康素养、改善老百姓健康水平都发挥了积极作用。我们将继续发挥爱国卫生运动这项工作的组织优势和群众动员方面的优势，用好历史经验。爱国卫生运动这项工作伴随我们共和国的成长，已经走过了70多年的历史过程，在不同的历史时期都发挥了非常重要的积极作用。从新冠疫情发生以后的情况来看，爱国卫生运动与健康中国行动紧密结合，对于动员组织群众参与疫情防控起到了明显的推动作用。下一步，有以下几方面的工作考虑：

Thank you, I will answer your question. Rolling out the patriotic health campaigns is a great innovation and successful practice of the Party in which the mass line is effectively applied in healthcare and disease prevention. The campaigns have actively improved people's living environments, health awareness and health condition. We will continue to carry out the campaigns, using our advantages in management capacity and the ability to mobilize people, and drawing lessons and inspirations from past practices. The patriotic health campaigns have been carried out for more than 70 years, and have always played a very important, positive role despite the changing times. Following the COVID-19 outbreak, the campaigns, in conjunction with the Healthy China Initiative, made remarkable contributions to mobilizing and organizing the public to engage in epidemic prevention and control. Going forward, we plan to proceed from the following aspects:

一是抓好环境卫生的综合整治，打造城乡人居“新面貌”。集中开展城乡环境卫生的清理整治，重点关注农贸市场、小餐饮店等重点场所，以及老旧小区、城中村、城乡结合部还有背街小巷这些重点区域的综合治理，加快推动公共卫生设施的建设水平。我在这里给大家举一个云南的例子，云南在新冠疫情发生后，为了促进居民能够养成勤洗手的良好习惯，在全省人流量比较多的公共场所，比如说一些旅游景点普遍建了洗手池，哪怕是在一些比较偏远的小县城也能看到这类设施发挥了有效作用，这都是与爱国卫生运动相结合提出来的新探索和良好实践做法。

First, we will make comprehensive efforts to transform the living environment in urban and rural areas. We will improve environmental hygiene in urban and rural areas through intensive efforts. The focus will be on farm produce markets and small restaurants, as well as old residential areas, urban villages, urban-rural fringe areas, and back alleys. We also plan to step up efforts to improve public sanitary facilities. Yunnan province has set a good example in this regard. After the epidemic broke out, Yunnan installed washbasins in popular public places across the province, such as tourist sites, so that visitors could wash their hands more often. Such amenities have been helpful even in small remote towns. This is a good practice combined with the patriotic health campaigns.

二是普及文明健康的生活方式，实现居民健康素养水平的“再提升”。要开展健康科普深度宣传，倡导合理饮食、适量运动、戒烟限酒、心理平衡，这些都是个体保持身体健康非常重要的关键生活方式，要进一步提升居民在了解自我健康和保持健康状态方面的相关技能和知识。

Second, we will promote healthy lifestyles and further improve the public's health awareness. We will expand efforts to build public's health knowledge. We will promote healthy lifestyles that call on people to follow sensible diets, do exercise, quit smoking, limit drinking, and maintain a balanced mind. We will also help people improve their abilities and knowledge regarding maintaining their health.

三是探索社会健康管理的新模式，跑出健康中国建设的“加速度”。要优化国家卫生城镇评审的标准和相关流程，完善长效动态管理机制。我们的卫生城市、卫生乡镇评比评选都不是一成不变的，而是要动态进行复审复检，所以对不合格的还要进行淘汰。要进一步推进国家卫生城镇高质量发展。进一步健全村委会、居委会的公共卫生委员会建设，目前村居委的公共卫生委员会经过这两年的努力，在全国的覆盖率已经提升到90%以上，而且在各省各地发展都比较均衡。构建健康家庭、健康学校、健康社区、健康乡镇、健康县区、健康城市的全链条健康中国建设的推进体系。在这个过程中，目的就是要把健康融入所有政策，这也是新时代党的卫生与健康工作方针的重要要求。

Third, we will explore new methods of social health management and step up the building of a healthy China. The standards and procedures for the selection of national healthy cities and towns will be optimized, along with a long-term dynamic management mechanism. The selection results of healthy cities and healthy towns can be revised after periodic review and reexamination, with underperformers being disqualified. The work related to fostering national healthy cities and towns will be enhanced to achieve sound development. Villagers committees and residents committees will make more efforts to build public health committees. So far, after two years of efforts, more than 90% of villagers committees and residents committees nationwide have set up their own public health committees, with even distribution across different provinces and regions. We will form a comprehensive system to continue to create a healthy China, healthy families, healthy campuses, healthy communities, healthy townships, healthy counties and healthy cities. As we proceed with this work, we aim to fully integrate the pursuit of good health into our policies, which is crucial to implementing the Party's strategy for promoting medical care and health in the new era.

四是创新工作方式方法，激发社会参与的“动力源”。人民群众是爱国卫生运动和健康中国建设的主体，要从法治化保障、公众宣传、组织动员、政策研究和技术支持等多方面入手，进一步增强爱国卫生运动这项工作的科学性、系统性和完备性，促进人人参与、人人关心的良好工作局面的进一步形成和拓展。谢谢。

Fourth, we will innovate our work methods and encourage public participation. The general public are the main force in furthering the patriotic health campaigns and building a healthy China. We will improve legal guarantees, public education, organization, mobilization, policy research and technical support, implement the patriotic healthy campaigns in a more scientific, systematic and thorough manner, and increase public participation to better conduct our work. Thank you.

陈文俊:

Chen Wenjun:

谢谢各位发布人，谢谢各位记者朋友，今天的新闻发布会就到这，再见。

Thank you to all speakers and friends from the media. Today's press conference is hereby concluded. Goodbye.